串联FACTS装置提高区域间可用传输能力的数值研究

对利用串联FACTS装置提高区域间可用传输能力问题进行了数值计算研究。给出了含有FACTS装置的求解区域间可用输电能力的优化模型和求解方法,并用算例进行了分析验证。研究结果表明,采用最优潮流的方法对ATC问题进行求解,可以较方便地考虑FACTS的控制,得到其最优的控制参数;在输电网络的潮流有可调节容量余度的条件下,FACTS可以有效地提高可用输电能力,使网络的输送容量得以充分利用。     

串联FACTS装置提高区域间可用传输能力的数值研究

对利用串联FACTS装置提高区域间可用传输能力问题进行了数值计算研究.给出了含有FACTS装置的求解区域间可用输电能力的优化模型和求解方法,并用算例进行了分析验证.研究结果表明,采用最优潮流的方法对ATC问题进行求解,可以较方便地考虑FACTS的控制,得到其最优的控制参数;在输电网络的潮流有可调节容量余度的条件下,FACTS可以有效地提高可用输电能力,使网络的输送容量得以充分利用.     

阻塞调度中统一潮流控制器控制参数的整定方法研究

提出一种在阻塞调度中UPFC控制参数的整定方法。针对调节线路潮流，把UPFC串联等效源的幅值和相位作为其在阻塞调度中的控制参数。采用逐步优化、分步调节来确定UPFC的控制参数：先固定相位参数，进行“横向”调节。在这种调节方式不能满足系统潮流调整需求时，再把幅值参数固定在限值，进行“旋转”调节，来充分发挥UPFC的潜力。每一步调节的过程可以表述为含有UPFC控制参数的优化潮流问题，采用非线性内点方法对其进行求解。最后用算例对该方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。     

UPFC与其他FACTS装置的协调控制研究

基于统一潮流控制器(unified power flow controller,UPFC)以及目前常用柔性交流输电系统(flexible alternative current transmission systems,FACTS)装置(晶闸管控制串联补偿器(thyristor controlled series compensation,TCSC)、静止同步补偿器(static synchronous compensator,STATCOM)等)模型,对它们之间的协调控制原理进行机制分析,借助仿真分析获得各种装置关键控制参数及其控制规律;然后提出同时考虑统一潮流控制器及其他FACTS装置的协调控制策略,以IEEE-9节点系统验证该策略的可行性;最后将其应用到实际分区电网中,实现基于模糊综合评判的分层协调控制。     

柔性交流输电电力系统潮流计算研究

柔性交流输电技术(FACTS)发挥着越来越重要的作用。UPFC可对电力系统潮流及电压进行有效控制,是一种理想的FACTS装置。由于其既存在有源并联支路又存在有源串联支路,当进行含UPFC装置电力系统潮流计算时,UPFC的处理较为复杂。本文根据UPFC功率交换特性,提出了一种较为简化的含UPFC装置电力系统潮流计算方法。     

一种分布式串联耦合型潮流控制器的设计

分布式串联耦合潮流控制器是电网潮流控制的典型D-FACTS(distributed FACTS)装置,分布安装在输电导线上,通过变压器耦合的方式调节线路阻抗实现对线路的潮流控制。该控制器体积小、重量轻、无占地、易安装,是一种新型的潮流控制器。简要叙述分布式串联耦合型潮流控制技术和分布式串联电抗器(distributed series reactor,DSR)的原理,主要介绍适合220 kV输电线路的DSR设计,包括耦合变压器设计、取能电源设计、控制组件设计和控制电路设计等。     

含FACTS装置的分步优化阻塞管理方法研究

针对含柔性交流输电系统(FACTS)装置的阻塞管理问题进行了研究,提出了一种新的含FACTS装置的分步优化阻塞管理方法.该方法首先在不改变交易量的情况下对FACTS装置的控制参数进行优化求解,获取最优参数解后,把该参数作为已知量纳入最优经济调度模型,削减交易,直至消除阻塞.此方法与传统的将FACTS参数纳入全局最优进行优化的方法相比,具有计算简单,运算速度快的优势.特别是在现货市场中当系统阻塞程度较轻,如依靠调节FACTS控制参数就可消除阻塞时,就不需要调整发电计划和负荷用电计划就可以完全消除阻塞,符合各个市场参与者的经济利益要求.仿真算例结果说明,所提方法合理有效,具有良好的工程应用前景.     

FACTS优化配置提高电网最大输电能力

灵活输电系统(FACTS)技术是提高电网输电能力的有效手段。本文采用可控串联补偿器(TCSC)和可控移相器(TCPS)的功率注入模型,在建立的计及TCSC和TCPS最大输电能力(TTC)的最优潮流计算模型基础上,运用序列二次规划法对其进行求解。考虑到确定FACTS配置位置的重要性,提出以最小奇异值与FACTS控制参数的灵敏度作为指标,选择最优配置位置,对IEEE30节点系统进行的仿真结果表明方法的有效性。     

知识窗

灵活交流输电系统和串联补偿技术“灵活交流输电系统”简称FACTS。“灵活”是相对于常规只有“开／合”机械“硬性”状态而言的，即有可连续和可调节的“过渡”状态。FACTS概念是由美国电力研究院（EPRI）电力专家NarainG．Hingorani在１９８６年提出，并在１９９５年经电力电子学会修正后定义的。FACTS是以现代电力电子技术为基础，以高功率新型半导体类器件（换流、晶闸管控制器）为核心，并结合现代软件技术对电力实现动态调节。FACTS技术具有提高输电网潮流流向的控制能力和提高输电线路的输送能力。串联补偿技术属现代灵活…     

基于FACTS技术的互联电力系统潮流控制

应用灵活交流输电系统(FACTS)技术可对电力系统潮流进行灵活控制,从而充分发 挥现有电力系统的潜力。 文中首先将互联电力系统中FACTS装置潮流控制的协调归结为 优化问题,并针对该问题的特点应用遗传算法 对其进行求解。利用所提出的方法可确定互 联电力系统中任意线路的最大潮流调节范围。算例表明,所提 算法对分析系统中有多个FA CTS装置的潮流控制特性十分有效。     

基于TCSC的优化阻塞模型设计与应用研究

针对柔性交流输电装置控制线路潮流的特点,在传统OFF的基础上,将调整网络参数与经济调度方法相结合,研究了计及TCSC的优化阻塞调度模型。求解过程中,把TCSC对系统的调节作用表述成节点附加功率的形式,并将TCSC控制参数纳入变量空间内寻优。IEEE5系统的仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

Optimal power flow with FACTS devices by hybrid TS/SA approach

In this paper, a hybrid tabu search and simulated annealing (TS/SA) approach is proposed to minimize the generator fuel cost in optimal power flow (OPF) control with flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices. The problem is decomposed into the optimal setting of FACTS parameters subproblem that is searched by the hybrid TS/SA approach and the OPF with fixed FACTS parameters subproblem that is solved by the quadratic programming (QP). Two types of FACTS devices are used: thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC) and thyristor-controlled phase shifting (TCPS). Test results on the modified IEEE 30 bus system indicates that the proposed hybrid TS/SA approach can obtain better solutions and require less CPU times than genetic algorithm (GA), SA, or TS alone.     

Modeling of the generalized unified power flow controller (GUPFC)in a nonlinear interior point OPF

With the progress of installing the latest generation of FACTS devices, namely, the convertible static compensator (CSC), several innovative operating concepts have been introduced to the historic development and application of FACTS. One of the novel concepts is the generalized unified power flow controller (GUPFC) or multi-line UPFC, which can control bus voltage and power flows of more than one line or even a sub-network. The GUPFC should have stronger control capability than the UPFC. A mathematical model for the GUPFC consisting of one shunt converter and two or more series converters is developed and implemented in a nonlinear interior point OPF algorithm. Numerical results with various GUPFC devices based on the IEEE 30 bus system and IEEE 118 bus system demonstrate the feasibility as well as the effectiveness of the GUPFC model established and the OPF method proposed     

含广义统一潮流控制器(GUPFC)的最优潮流模型和算法研究

广义统一潮流控制器(GUPFC)作为比统一潮流控制器(UPFC)控制能力更强大的FACTS装置，其对最优潮流(Optimal Power Flow)的影响需要深入地研究。根据GUPFC的控制原理，基于功率注入法建立了含GUPFC的OPF数学模型，并采用基于信赖域内点法的最优潮流算法予以求解。该算法采用多步中心校正原一对偶内点法连续求解线性规划子问题，通过信赖域决定线性化步长的选取。对IEEE30和118节点系统作了数值计算，结果表明，GUPFC不仅可控制节点电压而且可控制多条线路潮流，显示出强大的控制能力，同时也说明了含GUPFC的OPF数学模型和算法的可行性和有效性。     

含UPFC的灵活交流输电系统最优潮流控制

潮流计算和无功优化计算是电力系统非常重要的计算,两者都包括在电力系统最优潮流（OPF）问题中,灵活交流输电系统（FACTS）的出现需要对传统的潮流计算进行修正,利用遗传算法探讨了含统一潮流控制器（UPFC）的灵活交流输电系统最优潮注控制问题,计算机仿真表明,该方法可有效解决含UPFC的灵活交流输电最优潮流控制。     

含TCSC的电力系统最优潮流控制

电力系统最优潮流问题(OPF)对保证系统的电压质量、安全性和经济性都是十分重要的。针对含有柔性交流输电系统的最优潮流问题,根据可控串联补偿器(TCSC)的功率注入模型,建立适于潮流和最优潮流计算的数学模型,在常规最优潮流问题的基础上,充分考虑TCSC元件对系统潮流的影响,从而建立起TCSC运行情况下的非线性最优潮流模型,并应用了一种有效的求解上述模型的方法——路径跟踪内点法。仿真表明该方法能有效解决含TCSC的电力系统最优潮流问题。     

Assessment of techno-economic contribution of FACTS devices to power system operation

In contemporary power system studies, the optimal allocation and utilization of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices are important issues primarily due to their cost. In this study four types of FACTS devices (Static VAr compensator (SVC), Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC), Thyristor-Controlled Voltage Regulator (TCVR), and Thyristor-Controlled Phase Shifting Transformer (TCPST)) are optimally placed in a multi-machine power system to reduce the overall costs of power generation. The placement methodology considers simultaneously the cost of generated active and reactive powers and cost of selected FACTS devices for a range of operating conditions. The optimal power flow (OPF) and genetic algorithm (GA) based optimization procedure are employed to solve the allocation task. The net present value (NPV) method is used to assess the economic value of the proposed methodology. In addition to net reduction in generation cost allocated FACTS devices increased power transfer across the network and improved damping of electromechanical oscillations.     

Power flow control approach to power systems with embedded FACTS devices

This paper focuses on developing an approach to steady-state power flow control of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) device-equipped power systems. Based on a power-injection model of FACTS devices and an optimal power flow model, a novel versatile power flow control approach is formulated, which is capable of implementing power flow control incorporating any FACTS device flexibly. Different from existing FACTS device control approaches, the active and (or) reactive power injections are taken as independent control variables. Therefore, using this method, Jacobian matrix need not be changed, although various FACTS devices possess different physical models and different control parameters. Furthermore, it enables the integration of FACTS devices into the existing power system analysis and control programs efficiently. Physical limits of the FACTS devices are also considered in the model. Numerical results on a reduced practical system and a 1500-bus practical system with various FACTS devices are presented to illustrate the vigorousness of the proposed approach.     

Optimal power flow by BAT search algorithm for generation reallocation with unified power flow controller

Optimal power flow with generation reallocation is a suitable method for better utilization of the existing system. In recent years, Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices, have led to the development of controllers that provide controllability and flexibility for power transmission. Out of the FACTS devices unified power flow controller (UPFC) is a versatile device, capable of controlling the power system parameters like voltage magnitude, phase angle and line impedance individually or simultaneously. The main aim of this paper is to minimize real power losses in a power system using BAT search algorithm without and with the presence of UPFC. Minimization of real power losses is done by considering the power generated by generator buses, voltage magnitudes at generator buses and reactive power injection from reactive power compensators. The proposed BAT algorithm based Optimal Power Flow (OPF) has been tested on a 5 bus test system and modified IEEE 30 bus system without and with UPFC. The results of the system with and without UPFC are compared in terms of active power losses in the transmission line using BAT algorithm. The obtained results are also compared with Genetic algorithm (GA).     

含FACTS元件的电力系统非线性最优潮流计算

根据FACTS 元件的控制原理分别建立适合于最优潮流计算的数学模型,便于给定其计算初值和可行域。提出采用直接非线性路径跟踪算法求解含FACTS元件的电力系统最优潮流模型,研究了FACTS元件的支路潮流控制对该算法的影响。IEEE 30节点和IEEE 118节点系统的优化计算结果表明该算法不仅具有强大的处理不等式约束的能力,而且还具有较强的适应支路功率定向定值控制的能力,但其收敛性要受到FACTS元件的数目及安装地点的影响。