发泡注塑过程中注射及塑化能耗分析

通过正交试验采集发泡注塑实验过程的工艺参数、功率等数据,以螺杆位移曲线的变化为参考确定注塑周期各阶段上的能耗分布。对其中的注射和塑化能耗及影响因素进行了方差分析,分析结果表明:工艺参数的变化对注射能耗影响更大,在较高的螺杆转速和注射速度下能耗较低。     

基于LabVIEW的注塑过程能耗分布实验研究

基于LabVIEW图形化编程语言开发了一套注塑机能耗检测系统,可以对注塑机液压系统的电能损耗进行在线检测。利用软件在线积分的方法,既可以得到整机能耗,也可以得到一个注塑周期中不同工序阶段的能耗。并利用此系统进行了注塑机能耗分布的实验研究,分析了关键工艺参数对能耗分布的影响。结果表明,在一个注塑周期中,注射阶段所占的能耗比例最大;注射压力主要影响注射能耗,螺杆转速主要影响塑化能耗。     

蒸汽直接加热模腔的高光注塑技术研究

提出了蒸汽直接加热模具型腔表面的高光注塑新方法,研制了蒸汽直接加热模具型腔的高光注塑模具及模具温度控制机.该装置将高温蒸汽直接通入模腔,使模腔表面达到所需的温度,然后通入高温干空气,吹除模腔内残留的冷凝水,再注射、保压、冷却、开模,完成一个注塑周期.该方法使动定模模面得到均匀加热,熔融科前锋温度和速度高,且只加热模面以...     

节能减排在注塑机上的应用

注塑成型机是一种重要的塑料加工设备,由于该类设备长期处于运转状态,能源消耗极大,降低注塑成型机的能耗已经成为今后技术发展方向.注塑机电能消耗的两个主要部分驱动回路和加热回路采用伺服电机驱动系统和双效加热技术,在塑料加工市场上得到越来越多的应用.     

注塑机塑化参数对能耗的影响研究

通过对料筒平均温度、背压、转速建立正交试验表,模拟计算这些因素对能耗的影响程度,得到注塑一个产品在不同参数下需要消耗的功率和各参数对能耗的影响程度,然后通过实验验证模拟结果,证实了该研究方法的正确性及可靠性,该方法为注塑节能和塑化参数方案的确定提供一定依据.     

高光无痕注塑成型模具热响应的研究

高光无痕注射成型技术是一种新开发的注射技术,能够消除塑件表面熔接痕等缺陷,表面可以达到镜面效果,免去二次喷涂。通过建立模具的二维几何模型,应用ANSYS模拟了加热、冷却过程,获得了模具表面及熔体中心层的热响应和温度分布情况;对比分析了常规注塑与高光无痕注塑两种成型工艺;通过加热、冷却时间及温度分布等对比,验证了高光无痕注塑的优越性。     

高光注塑成型模具热响应研究

高光无痕注射成型技术是一种新兴的注射技术,能够消除塑件表面熔接痕等缺陷,表面可以达到镜面效果,免去二次喷涂。本文通过建立模具的二维几何模型,利用ANSYS模拟了加热、冷却过程,获得了模具表面及熔体中心层的热响应和温度分布情况。同时对比分析了常规注塑与高光注塑成型两种成型工艺,通过加热、冷却时间及温度分布等结果的对比,验证了高光注塑的优越性。     

基于CAD/CAE/CAM的吸尘器电机罩注塑模设计

分析了吸尘器电机罩板塑料件的结构特点,应用Moldfl ow软件对电机罩板的成型过程进行模拟分析,分析确定了模具的浇注系统、冷却系统,并对塑料件注塑生产时的注塑工艺参数对塑料件翘曲的影响进行比较分析,得出最优工艺参数方案。应用UG进行电机罩板的注塑模具设计,完成了模具型腔、型芯、镶件及侧抽芯的设计以及对模具的型腔零件进行电极设计和数控加工设计。将CAD/CAE/CAM技术应用于模具设计中,可以缩短产品开发周期,降低产品的生产成本。     

抽油机井用电机的选配

机型大,则配套电机功率高,在现场应用中电机功率利用率低,能耗高。在分析了造成电机功率利用低的原因基础上,讨论了电机装机功率的计算方法,并对目前常用的节能电机的节能原理及工作特性进行了分析,最后讨论了不同类型电机选配方法,为低渗透油田节能降耗提供依据。     

高流动性共聚聚丙烯的开发与应用现状

介绍了高流动性共聚聚丙烯在注塑制品中的应用优势以及国内外高流动性共聚聚丙烯开发生产及应用现状。高流动性共聚聚丙烯在流动性提高的同时，产品刚性和韧性达到了很好的平衡，综合性能优异，在注塑过程中可缩短加工周期，降低加工温度、注塑压力和能耗。成型相同的薄壁制品时，熔体流动速率为65g／10min的该类产品比传统熔体流动速率为35g／10min的产品注射温度可以降低20～50℃，成型周期减少27％，由于其优良的加工性，可满足大型薄壁注塑制品的生产及应用需要。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。