电磁搅拌态Al-5Fe基合金轧制及组织与性能

利用电磁搅拌技术制备了Al-5Fe-1.2Si-1Mg-0.6Cu-0.5Mn合金轧制坯锭,研究Al-5Fe基合金的轧制变形能力及合金的组织性能。结果发现,Al-5Fe基合金在道次压下量较小时表现出较好的变形性能,随着压下量的增加,材料的变形性能变差。合金最佳变形温度范围在430～460℃之间;合金的道次压下量不宜过大,以2～3mm为宜。用电磁搅拌坯锭轧制的板材,其富Fe相的破碎效果较电磁搅拌合金有大幅度的改善。在道次压下量不变的情况下,采用轧制温度为460℃,道次压下量为2mm时制备的板材中富Fe相细小、均匀,且板材力学性能最好,其室温下的抗拉强度和伸长率分别达到314.5MPa和7.2%。     

冷轧制备AlSn20Cu/钢多层板的微观组织和力学性能（英文）

通过室温冷轧制备出了1060Al/AlSn20Cu/1060Al/钢多层复合板材,并探索了轧制压下量对复合板微观组织和力学性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜和电子背散射衍射（EBSD）对复合板微观组织进行表征,通过拉伸试验测量了复合板力学性能。复合板的初始轧制压下量为17%,最小稳定压下量为40%。结果表明,随着轧制压下量的增加,铝合金层中锡相和钢中组织沿轧制方向被拉长,但是纯铝层呈现出等轴晶。随着轧制压下量的增大,复合板抗拉伸强度和界面结合强度增加,而延伸率下降。AlSn20Cu合金层的断裂主要跟其中的锡相有关。     

1420铝锂合金板材细晶化及超塑性能试验研究北大核心CSCD

为了研究不同热轧工艺下的1420铝锂合金板材的高温拉伸力学性能,选取了厚度为7.3 mm的1420铝锂合金板材,首先进行了高温轧制试验,获得其最佳轧制工艺和成形条件。通过热轧工艺获得的板材的可利用率高,在每道次15%的压下量下板材不完全细晶化,其伸长率大幅度提高。其次,在MTS810拉伸试验机上进行了475℃下的高温拉伸试验,分析了轧制工艺对板材伸长率的影响。结果表明:板材的晶粒细化作用对伸长率的影响更大,当应变速率为0.8×10^(-3)s^(-1)时,伸长率在300%以上,符合最佳超塑成形工艺条件。最后,通过金相分析观察了不同制备工艺下板材的微观组织结构,发现每道次压下量的增加,阻碍了位错运动,试验结果为1420铝锂合金板材的大规模工业化应用提供了理论依据。     

同步和异步轧制AZ31镁合金板材的织构及力学性能

采用同步轧制(NR)和异步轧制(AR)工艺对AZ31镁合金挤压板材进行了轧制,研究了轧制过程中组织和织构的演化,以及总压下量和异步比对轧材组织、织构和力学性能的影响。结果表明,在压下量为3%～15%的范围内,同步轧制与异步轧制板材在晶粒尺寸以及均匀性上有相似的变化趋势。轧制过程中,在变形初期,随压下量的增加,孪晶数量不断增加,孪晶使同步轧制与异步轧制板材中晶粒取向都发生偏转,即C轴趋向于垂直于法向(ND),从而使初始挤压板材的丝织构强度减弱;而当压下量达到24%时,孪晶大量减少或消失。在压下量为3%～24%的范围内,同步轧制对板材力学性能的影响并不明显,峰值应变呈交替变化;异步轧制板材在压下量达到24%左右时,表现出了良好的塑性变形能力,抗拉强度达到309MPa,峰值应变达到0.163。     

变厚度轧制对AZ31镁合金板材边部损伤影响分析

基于变厚度轧制工艺理论,利用DEFORM-3D软件对AZ31镁合金板材轧制边部损伤行为进行分析。设定轧制温度为350℃,轧辊转速为20 r/min,先对3组试样进行压下量分别为板厚的37.5%,75%和112.5%立轧预变形;随后进行小压下量多道次或大压下量单道次的平辊轧制。结果表明:对镁合金板采用变厚度轧制工艺能显著减少其边部损伤;立辊侧压量为37.5%时效果最好,其最大损伤因子为0.35;变厚度轧制工艺更适用于大压下轧制,当立辊侧压量为75%,平辊压下量为49%时最大损伤因子最小,仅为0.126;侧压量的取值与板厚有关。     

γ-TiA1/TC4复合板材的制备及组织性能研究

提出了制备γ-TiAl/Ti合金复合板材的技术思想.采用包套轧制技术在1150 ℃轧制出厚度为3 mm的Ti-43Al- 9V-0.3Y/Ti-6Al-4V复合板材,其中Ti-43Al-9V-0.3Y合金层的厚度约为2.3 mm,Ti-6Al-4V合金层的厚度约为0.7 mm.复合板材的总变形量为80%.包套轧制后板材外形完整、无应力开裂.分析表明,复合板材的界面相主要由α2-Ti3Al构成.拉伸性能测试结果表明,随着Ti-6Al-4V合金层厚度的增加,复合板材室温下的抗拉强度、延伸率都得到了显著的提高.当Ti-6Al-4V合金层厚度达到0.7 mm时(板材总厚2 mm),室温强度和延伸率分别超过800 MPa和4%,700 ℃条件下延伸率超过25%.     

AZ31镁合金轧制板材退火后的组织与力学性能

采用单向轧制和交叉轧制工艺分别进行了AZ31镁合金板材轧制实验,分析了轧制板材经退火处理后的组织与力学性能。结果表明:采用单向轧制工艺,当板材最终变形量相等时,经退火处理后的板材大压下量比小压下量得到的微观组织更为细小;交叉轧制得到轧制板材可以缓解镁合金轧制板材在室温下的各向异性,其微观组织较单向轧制均匀,具有更好的冲压成形性能;交叉轧制和单向轧制两种工艺得到的板材微观组织细化效果相似。     

初始取向对大应变轧制AZ31镁合金板材显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用大应变轧制技术对轧制面与挤压板材ED-TE面分别成90°、45°和0°的AZ31镁合金板材进行加工,研究初始取向对板材显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:孪生诱发动态再结晶是大应变轧制过程中主要的再结晶机制,动态再结晶的发生使合金晶粒细化、力学性能大幅提高。轧制过程中孪生与板材初始取向密切相关,通过改变初始取向可控制板材晶粒细化和强度改善效果。0°轧制试样大应变轧制过程中,大部分晶粒的c轴受压,基面滑移启动难度增加,孪生的作用增强,压缩孪晶密度增大,进而通过孪生诱发动态再结晶获得更为细小的再结晶组织和更为优异的力学性能。压下量为80%时,0°轧制板材的平均晶粒尺寸为5μm,抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为311.4 MPa、202.6 MPa和26.9%。     

轧制变形量及轧后退火对LZ91镁合金板材显微组织和耐腐蚀性能的影响（英文）

研究轧制变形量和轧后退火工艺对Mg-9Li-1Zn(LZ91)合金显微组织和耐腐蚀性能的影响。采用冷轧变形工艺制备轧制压下量分别为50%和75%的LZ91镁合金板材,然后在200℃下退火1 h。采用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察合金的显微组织,用X射线衍射仪测定合金中的相组成。结果表明,LZ91镁合金由α-Mg、β-Li和Mg-Li-Zn三元化合物(MgLi2Zn和MgLiZn相)组成。退火过程中β-Li相发生动态再结晶,合金晶粒细化。腐蚀试验表明:轧制变形和轧后退火能显著改善LZ91合金的耐腐蚀性能,75%冷轧退火LZ91镁合金具有最好的耐蚀性。     

SiC_p/Al-Fe-V-Si的板材成形过程中显微组织和力学性能的演变

采用多层喷射沉积工艺制备SiCp/Al-Fe-V-Si复合材料,并分别通过挤压后轧制和热压后轧制工艺制备了板材,分析了复合材料不同状态下的显微组织、物相和力学性能,并研究在轧制过程中复合材料密度和硬度的变化规律。结果表明:挤压后轧制和热压后轧制均能有效致密沉积坯。与挤压后再轧制相比,热压后再轧制材料组织更均匀细小,力学性能更优秀。挤压后再轧制板材抗拉强度为535 MPa,伸长率为4.0%,压下25%前,挤压坯的密度和硬度随之降低;当压下25%时,密度和硬度升高。热压后轧制板材抗拉强度达580 MPa,伸长率达6.3%,压下量低于10%时,热压坯密度与硬度随压下量升高;压下10%至40%,密度和硬度下降;压下量高于40%后,密度与硬度升高。对于两种材料,随着压下量的增加,轧制过程中密度与硬度的变化规律都一致。     

Criteria for the formation of protective Al2O3 scales on Fe-Al and Fe-Cr-Al alloys

The conditions for the formation of external alumina scales on binary Fe-Al alloys and the nature of the third-element effect due to chromium additions have been investigated by studying the oxidation at 1000 °C in 1 atm O₂ of a binary Fe-10 at.% Al alloy (Fe-10Al) and of two ternary Fe-Cr-10 at.% Al alloys containing 5 and 10 at.% chromium (Fe-5Cr-10Al and Fe-10Cr-10Al, respectively). An Al-rich scale developed initially on Fe-10Al was subsequently replaced by a multi-layered scale containing mixtures of Fe and Al oxides plus a large number of Fe-rich oxide nodules: internal aluminum oxidation was essentially absent from this alloy. Addition of 5 at.% chromium to Fe-10Al did not suppress the formation of nodules, but they were eventually healed by the growth of an alumina layer at their base, resulting in a significant reduction of the oxidation rate. Finally, the alloy with 10 at.% Cr formed continuous external alumina scales without any Fe-rich nodule. Thus, the addition of sufficient amounts of chromium to Fe-10Al produces a third-element effect as expected. However, the process found in this alloy system does not involve a prevention of the internal oxidation of Al. Instead, it shows a transition from the growth of mixed Fe- and Al-rich external scales directly to an external Al₂O₃ scale formation. An interpretation of this kind of mechanism involving a third-element is presented along with a prediction of the critical Al contents required to produce the various possible scaling modes on binary Fe-Al alloys.     

Melting,Processing, and Properties of Disordered Fe-Al and Fe-Al-C Based Alloys

This article presents a part of the research work conducted in our laboratory to develop lightweight steels based on Fe-Al alloys containing 7 wt.% and 9 wt.% aluminum for construction of advanced lightweight ground transportation systems, such as automotive vehicles and heavy-haul truck, and for civil engineering construction, such as bridges, tunnels, and buildings. The melting and casting of sound, porosity-free ingots of Fe-Al-based alloys was accomplished by a newly developed cost-effective technique. The technique consists of using a special flux cover and proprietary charging schedule during air induction melting. These alloys were also produced using a vacuum induction melting (VIM) process for comparison purposes. The effect of aluminum (7 wt.% and 9 wt.%) on melting, processing, and properties of disordered solid solution Fe-Al alloys has been studied in detail. Fe-7 wt.% Al alloy could be produced using air induction melting with a flux cover with the properties comparable to the alloy produced through the VIM route. This material could be further processed through hot and cold working to produce sheets and thin foils. The cold-rolled and annealed sheet exhibited excellent room-temperature ductility. The role of carbon in Fe-7 wt.% Al alloys has also been examined. The results indicate that Fe-Al and Fe-Al-C alloys containing about 7 wt.% Al are potential lightweight steels.     

Grain refinement and plastic formability of Mg-14Li-1Al alloy

Al-5Ti-1B master alloy was added into Mg-14Li-1Al(LA141)alloy and then LA141 sheets were prepared by extrusion and cold rolling.The effect of the addition level of Al-5Ti-1B master alloy on the grain size of LA141 alloy was investigated as well as the effects of the total reduction of cold rolling and the annealing temperature on microstructure,mechanical properties and plastic formability of the LA141 sheets.The results show that the optimal addition level of Al-5Ti-1B master alloy into LA141 alloy is 1.25%(mass fraction)and LA141 alloy has the finest grains.With the increase of the total reduction of cold rolling,the grains of the as-rolled LA141 sheets were flattened gradually.A proper anneal temperature of 200℃ is obtained for the cold rolled LA141 sheets. Under this condition,microstructure of the LA141 sheets consists of fine and uniform equiaxed grains and has higher Erichsen cupping index(IE).     

Preparation and Pore Structure Stability at High Temperature of Porous Fe-Al Intermetallics

Porous Fe-Al intermetallics with different nominal compositions (from Fe-8 wt.% Al to Fe-50 wt.% Al) were fabricated by Fe and Al elemental powders through reaction synthesis. The effects of the Al content on the pore structure properties, and the comparison of pore structure stabilities at high-temperatures among the porous Fe-Al intermetallics and porous Ti, Ni, 316L stainless steel samples, were systematically studied. Results showed that the open porosity, maximum pore size, and permeability vary with the Al content. Porous Fe-(25-30 wt.%) Al intermetallics show good shape controllability and excellent pore structure stability at 1073 K in air, which suggests that these porous Fe-Al intermetallics could be used for filtration at high temperatures.     

Fracture behavior of DO_3-ordered Fe-Al alloy with V addition

1　INTRODUCTIONTherehasbeenmoreandmoreresearchontheorderedironaluminidesbasedontheFe Alsysteminrecentyears .TheironaluminideFe3Aloccurswhenthecontentofaluminumisintherangeof 2 4 % 32 %(massfraction) .Ithastwoorderedstructures :DO3 orderedstructurewhichexistsbelowthecriticaltem peratureof 5 40℃andB2 orderedstructurebetween5 40and 76 0℃ .Theorderedironaluminideshaveexcellentoxidationresistance ,lowcost ,enrichmentinresourcesandsomeotheradvantages ,whichleadsthemtomanyengineeringapplic…     

Corrosion behavior and microstructural characteristics, of the Zr-1.5Nb-0.4Sn-0.2Fe-0.1Cr alloy with different manufacturing processes

The best manufacturing process for a high Nb-containing Zr-based alloy was determined by means of a corrosion test under a 400 °C steam condition, and a microstructural analysis was performed on the Zr-1.5Nb-0.4Sn-0.2Fe-0.1Cr alloy, which was made with different manufacturing processes. This alloy was manufactured as sheets through the application of various manufacturing processes; the processes were controlled by a combination of the intermediate annealing temperatures and cold working steps after a water quenching of the β region. The corrosion behaviors of the Zr-1.5Nb-0.4Sn-0.2Fe-0.1Cr alloy were clearly affected by the manufacturing conditions, and the corrosion resistance was considerably increased by the application of sequences of cold rolling and annealing. Microstructural analysis of the alloy sheets confirms that the corrosion resistance of the Zr-1.5Nb-0.4Sn-0.2Fe-0.1Cr alloy can be estimated by a concentration of Nb in the precipitates, regardless of the manufacturing processes. Moreover, the pole figure evaluation of the oxide layers that formed on the Zr-1.5Nb-0.4Sn-0.2Fe-0.1Cr alloy sheets with different manufacturing processes verifies that the (111) and (200) textures of the monoclinic ZrO₂ phase are well developed when the corrosion resistance is increased.     

高能激光束引燃Fe-Al系合金的制备与性能研究

采用激光引燃自蔓延高温合成技术制备Fe-Al合金,利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、磨粒磨损试验机等对合成试样进行显微组织观察和性能测试.结果表明:合金是由富Al相和过渡相构成的多相结构;合金的显微组织比较细小,晶粒随着Al含量增加而增大;Al含量为70 at%时,孔隙率达到最小,此时试样硬度值最大;在50 at%Al时试样耐磨性最好,磨损量为0.0011 g.     

High temperature oxidation of Fe-Al and Fe-Cr-Al alloys: The role of Cr as a chemically active element

Good high-temperature corrosion resistance of Fe-Al alloys in oxidizing environments is due to the α-Al₂O₃ film which is formed on the surface provided temperature is above 900 °C and the Al-content of the alloy exceeds the critical value. Ab initio calculations combined with experiments on Fe-13Al, Fe-18Al, Fe-23Al and Fe-10Cr-10Al alloys show that the beneficial effect of Cr on the oxidation resistance is significantly related to bulk effects. The comparison of experimental and calculated results indicates a clear correlation between the Fe-Cr chemical potential difference and the formation of the protective oxide scales.     

终轧加工率对钼及钼镧合金板材组织及性能的影响

以粉末冶金方法生产的25min×280min×320mm纯钼及钼镧合金板坯为实验原料,研究了不同的热轧终轧加工率对钼及钼镧合金板显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,将纯钼及钼镧合金板热轧终轧加工率控制在50％以上,轧后纯钼板材的显微组织为细化的纤维流线组织,纵、横向的吃分别为795,885MPa,也分别达到27％,21％,其后续的温轧加工不开裂;而钼镧合金板材不论是显微组织,还是力学性能均好于纯钼。进一步的生产实践证明,将钼及钼镧合金板的热轧终轧加工率控制在50％以上,其强度、塑性和硬度匹配良好,弯曲性能和后序的温轧加工性能明显提高。     

Formation of Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni Nanocrystalline Alloy with Excellent Corrosion Resistance: Phase Transition and Microstructure

In this paper, microstructure characteristics and phase transitions of Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni nanocrystalline alloy are comprehensively studied during the mechanical alloying and hot pressing sintering processes. Corrosion resistance of the sintered Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni nanocrystalline alloy samples is further analyzed. During the mechanical alloying process, Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni nanocrystalline alloy powders mainly composed of metastable ferrite phase are obtained after mechanical alloying for 8, 16 and 24 h, respectively. In the subsequent hot pressing sintering process, the phase transitions(from ferrite to austenite) occur from 650 to 750 °C for Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni alloy powders milled for 24 h. When the sintering temperature is raised to 1050 °C for 1 h, the ferrite phase has transformed into austenite phase completely, and the obtained grain size of sintered Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni alloy is around 40 nm. Electrochemistry test of the sintered Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni alloy has been operated in 0.5 mol L~(-1) H_2SO_4 solution to show the corrosion resistance properties. Results show that the sintered Fe-19 wt%Cr-9 wt%Ni alloy exhibits excellent corrosion resistance, which is proved by higher self-corrosion potential, lower self-corrosion current density and larger capacitive reactance, compared with that of commercial 304 stainless steel.