WO3/Bi2WO6复合薄膜的制备及其光电化学性能

以导电玻璃为基底采用水热法制备了WO3纳米片薄膜,再通过溶剂热法改变不同溶剂热反应时间(6、8和10 h)在WO3纳米片薄膜上生长Bi2WO6制备了WO3/Bi2WO6复合薄膜.利用XRD、SEM、UV-Vis、光电流、光电催化和交流阻抗对WO3/Bi2WO6复合薄膜的结构和光电性能进行表征与测定.结果表明,WO3纳米片薄膜的光电流密度为0.74 mA/cm2,对质量浓度为6.0 mg/L亚甲基蓝的光电催化效率为47.9％.不同WO3/Bi2WO6复合薄膜的光电化学性能均优于单一WO3纳米薄膜,且溶剂热反应时间为8 h的WO3/Bi2WO6复合薄膜具有最高的光电流密度(1.22 mA/cm2)和最优的光电催化效率(58.6％).WO3/Bi2WO6复合薄膜有效降低了复合薄膜内部电子阻抗,增加了有效光电化学反应位点,显著提升了光电化学性能.     

氧分压对室温制备掺铝氧化锌薄膜性能的影响

室温下,采用脉冲直流反应磁控溅射方法在玻璃衬底上制备了掺铝的氧化锌(ZnO:Al,AZO)透明导电薄膜。采用配有λ-sensor氧分压传感器的控制器闭环控制氧分压,研究了氧分压对薄膜结构、表面形貌和光电性能的影响。结果表明:在不同的氧分压下制备的AZO薄膜均为多晶纤锌矿结构,具有[002]择优取向,其晶体呈柱状生长,晶粒之间结合紧密。氧分压为3.36×10–2Pa时,AZO薄膜的性能指数最高,其电阻率为1.15×10–3·cm,相应的载流子浓度为2.1×1020/cm3,载流子迁移率为25.8cm2/(V s),可见光透射率为79.1%。随着AZO薄膜的载流子浓度由1.03×1020cm–3增加到3.64×1020cm–3,薄膜禁带宽度由3.49eV增大到3.72eV。     

纳米MoS2的制备及其与聚吡咯物复合膜光学性能的研究

以有机热溶剂法制备MoS2,并以XRD对其结构进行表征.TEM形貌观察表明晶粒具有纳米尺寸。以电化方法在ITO导电玻璃基体上制备聚合物聚吡咯薄膜。在导电聚合物膜上涂布纳米MoS2晶体,荧光分析发现其荧光光谱相对于聚合物膜有一定程度的红移。Z-Scan测试其折射率的结果表明其具有非线性光学特性。     

WO3/ZnWO4复合薄膜的制备及其光电化学性能

采用水热法在导电玻璃(FTO)上制备WO3纳米薄膜,然后通过改变水热反应时长(1、3、5 h)在WO3纳米薄膜上成功制备了WO3/ZnWO4复合薄膜.利用XRD和SEM对WO3/ZnWO4复合薄膜样品的组成结构及形貌进行分析.并对WO3/ZnWO4复合薄膜样品进行吸收光谱测试、光电流测试、光电催化测试和交流阻抗测试.结...     

厚度对溶胶-凝胶法制备锂掺杂ZnO薄膜性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶旋涂法在玻璃衬底上制备了不同厚度的ZnO:Li半导体薄膜.采用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜分析了薄膜的物相结构和形貌,用Hall效应测量仪常温下测量薄膜的电学性能.结果表明:该薄膜具有高度的c轴择优取向性,所有薄膜只有1个(002)衍射峰,并且衍射强度随着膜厚增加而加强.ZnO:Li薄膜晶粒呈柱状,晶粒直径不随膜厚改变,约为40 um.ZnO:Li薄膜为P型导电,薄膜越厚,其电学性能与晶体结晶越好,(002)方向择优取向生长越明显.电阻率随着膜厚增加而减小,最小的电阻率为1.32×102(Ω·cm).载流子-空穴浓度为3.546×1016/cm3,迁移率为1.34cm2/(V·s).ZnO:Li薄膜在可见光范围内的透过率达到90%,薄膜对紫外光的吸收与厚度有关.     

溶剂热方法制备Sb_2S_3薄膜及其光电化学性能研究

采用溶剂热法和热处理过程在ITO导电玻璃衬底上制备Sb_2S_3薄膜。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和紫外-可见光分光光度计检测和表征薄膜的晶相、微观形貌和光学性能。结果表明,Sb_2S_3为正交晶系,薄膜结晶质量好,生长均匀并且具有良好的可见光吸收性能。光电化学测试结果显示Sb_2S_3薄膜在中性电解液中光响应特性良好,有望用于太阳能电池和光催化领域。     

反应溅射条件对WO3薄膜光电性能的影响与探索

使用反应溅射法在FTO导电玻璃基底上制备了附着力强、表面光滑、均匀的WO3光电薄膜,系统地研究了氩气与氧气流量比和溅射功率对该薄膜光电性能的影响。通过XRD、AFM、Mott-Schottky(M-S)分别分析薄膜的物相、形貌、光电性质。光电转化效率(IPCE)测试表明:当氩氧流量比为2和溅射功率250 W时,WO3薄膜的光电性能最好。该薄膜在400 nm波长处的IPCE值高达40%。     

溅射时间对GZO薄膜光电性能的影响

采用射频磁控溅射法在普通玻璃衬底上制备了Ga2O3含量为3wt.％的掺镓氧化锌透明导电薄膜(GZO).通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、四探针测试仪、台阶仪、UV-Vis-NIR3600型紫外-可见分光光度计研究了溅射时间对薄膜结构、表面形貌及光电性能的影响.结果表明,溅射时间为40 min时制备的GZO薄膜的光电综合性能最好,可见光区透过率峰值86％,方阻为16.4Ω/□,电阻率为1.18 ×10-3Ω·cm,性能指数ΦTc为4.73 ×10-3 Ω-1;随着溅射时间增加,薄膜光学带系从3.69 eV减少到3.56 eV.在溅射时间60 min时结晶度最高,方块电阻为9.0Ω/□,电阻率最低为9.7×10-4 Ω·cm,可见光透过率峰值为81％.     

气溶胶辅助CVD法制备F掺杂SnO2薄膜及其性能

采用气溶胶辅助化学气相沉积法(AACVD)在玻璃衬底上沉积F掺杂SnO_2(FTO)薄膜,研究了前驱液中不同F/Sn摩尔比制备的FTO薄膜的结构、表面形貌、光学、电学及光致发光性能。结果表明:所制备FTO薄膜均为(200)面择优取向的多晶四方金红石相结构;前驱液中F/Sn摩尔比的增加,会导致(110)面的衍射峰强度增加,薄膜表面堆积颗粒形状发生变化,薄膜样品光学透过率提升;当F/Sn摩尔比=40%时,FTO薄膜具有最大的载流子浓度1.031×10~(21) cm~(–3)以及最小的电阻率3.42×10~(–4)?·cm,这可归结为适量F的存在产生不同的缺陷影响。(200)面择优取向FTO薄膜光致发光谱可用于表征不同缺陷形式的跃迁。     

WO3纳米片阵列在光电全解水中的应用

光电催化分解水制氢是解决能源危机和环境问题的最有效措施之一。通过简单的溶剂热法制备出形貌均一的、光化学稳定的、超薄WO3二维纳米片阵列。此外,通过选择不同的溶剂类型,得到了形貌各异的WO3光电极材料。对材料的光电催化性能而言,WO3二维纳米片阵列在模拟太阳光(AM1.5G)的照射下,展现出卓越的光电流响应1.37 mA·cm-2,这高出其他形貌的材料近6～10倍。因此,在合适的溶剂作用下,采用溶剂热法制备二维阵列材料为其他材料的合成提供建设性的思路,同样促进了材料在光电催化领域的广泛应用。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。