Co含量对（WC—Co／NiCrBSi）复合钎焊涂层耐磨性的影响

采用真空钎焊技术,将ＷＣ－Ｃｏ硬质合金粉和ｉＣｒＢＳｉ（ＡＷＳ ＢＮｉ－２）合金粉钎焊到４５＃钢表面,得到（ＷＣ－Ｃｏ／ｎｉＣｒＢＳｉ）复合钎焊涂层。在不同钎焊工艺下,涂层自身 和层／基体间的拉伸结合强度分别达（１００－１４０）ＭＰａ和（３００－３６０）ＭＰａ。研究了Ｃｏ含量对（ＷＣ－Ｃｏ／ＮｉＣｒＢＳｉ）复合涂层磨损性能的影响。实验结果表明（ＷＣ－Ｃｏ／ＮｉＣｒＢＳｉ）复合涂层磨损性能高于同配比     

WC—CoWC—NiWC钎焊涂层耐磨性研究

采用真空钎焊工艺,交硬质合金粉（ＷＣ－Ｃｏ,ＷＣ－Ｎｉ,ＷＣ）及钎焊合金（ＮｉＣｒＢＳｉ）焊到４２ＣｒＭｏ钢基体表面,研究了不同硬质全金粉对钎焊涂层抗磨料磨损性能的影响,初步分析了涂层磨损机制。     

Mn－Cu及Mn－Cr合金化对铸态球墨铸铁组织及性能的影响

通过强化孕育，细化石墨球，减轻锰的偏析，以Ｍｎ－Ｃｕ或Ｍｎ－Ｃｒ作为合金元素，获得铸态混合型基体组织。可得到σｂ＞６００ＭＰａ或＞５５０ＭＰａ，同时具有σ＞１０％的高性能。     

文摘

９９０５０２０　锅炉用１２Ｃｒ－０．４Ｍｏ－２Ｗ钢管和２．２５Ｃｒ－１．６Ｗ钢管长时期使用后的组织［刊,日］宫田佳织…∥材料とプロセス．１９９８,１１（６）住友金属工业公司对１２Ｃｕ－０．４Ｍｏ－１Ｃｒ－Ｖ－Ｎｂ钢（Ｔ１２２）和２．２５Ｃｒ－１．６Ｗ－Ｖ－Ｎ钢（Ｔ２３）在使用了２．５年后取样,研究其组织变化状况与蠕变强度的关系。所取试样为冷拔无缝钢管,使用前经过了正火＋回火处理。使用时的锅炉蒸气温度为５７１℃（过热器出口）和５４３℃（再热器出口）,最高压力为１９．２ＭＰａ（过热器）和４．２ＭＰａ…     

激光熔覆WC—Ni复合涂层的结构和性能

研究了两种激光熔覆ＷＣ－Ｎｉ涂层，均满足柴油机飞轮的技术要求。给出了两种ＷＣ－Ｎｉ涂层的金相组织、显微硬度及Ｘ光相分析结果。ＷＣ－Ｎｉ涂层的硬化相是δ－ＷＣ、β－Ｗ２Ｃ、Ｍ＾Ｃ、Ｍ１２Ｃ及少量ｒ－ＷＣ。     

添加少量Ni,Ti,C对溅射钨涂层氧化行为的影响

葡萄牙的科研人员采用反应磁控溅射工艺进行研究,具体工艺多数为：功率密度１０Ｗ／ｃｍ２,负偏压为７０Ｖ,靶材分别用Ｗ、Ｗ－１０％Ｔｉ、Ｗ－１０％Ｎｉ（质量百分比）,ＣＨ４／Ａｒ分压比为１／５,真空室压力为１０－４Ｐａ．涂前基体表面用离子轰击清洗．开始时,表面加热到４５０℃,然后用Ａｒ~＋轰击８ｍｉｎ（离子枪在２０Ａ,４０Ｖ下调节,基体偏压为－１２０Ｖ）,沉积时间选择在涂层厚度达到４μｍ为止．然后对获得的Ｗ－Ｃ－Ｍ（Ｍ＝Ｎｉ,Ｔｉ）涂层的化学成分、结构、形貌及抗氧化性能进行了研究． 结果表明,Ｗ－Ｃ－…     

Mn—Cu及Mn—Cr合金化对铸态球墨铸铁组织及性能的影响

通过强化孕育，细化石墨球，减轻锰的偏析，以Ｍｎ－Ｃｕ或Ｍｎ－Ｃｒ作为合金元素，获得铸态混合型基体组织，可得到σｂ＞６００ＭＰａ或＞５５０ＭＰａ，同时具有δ＞１０％的高性能。     

MIM Fe基合金的合金化强化

研究金属粉末注射成形铁基合金在强还原性氢气氛烧结条件下的合金化强化效果，结果表明，添加Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ、Ｍｏ等元素能取得显著的固溶强化效果，其中成分为Ｆｅ－２Ｎｉ－２Ｃｕ－０．４５Ｍｏ的机械性能达到σｂ＝４８３ＭＰａ，σｓ＝３４０ＭＰａ，δ＝９％和ＨＲＢ８３。     

溅射Cu-Cr合金微晶涂层的氧化

采用磁控浅射法制备了不同含Ｃｒ量的Ｃｕ－Ｃｒ合金微晶涂层,春在７００与８００℃,０．１ＭＰａ纯氧气的氧化。结果表明：Ｃｕ－Ｃｒ合金微晶涂层的氧化行为明显不同于普通的Ｃｕ－Ｃｒ合金,Ｃｕ－Ｃｒ合金微晶涂层氧化后均形成了连续的Ｃｒ２Ｏ３层,且含４０％Ｃｒ的Ｃｕ－Ｃｒ合金微晶涂层氧化后形成了单一的Ｃｒ２Ｏ３膜,本文结合双相合金氧化的特点对实验结果进行了讨论。     

一种低温高强软钎料

设计了一种用于钎焊ＺＧ１６ＣｒＭｎＴｉ合金和ＬＮＧ５磁钢的低温Ｃｄ基钎料，测试了不同成分钎料在ＺＧ１６ＣｒＭｎＴｉ及ＬＮＧ５磁钢上的润湿性，接头抗拉强度，抗剪强度及抗冲击值，并对接头进行了微观分析，结果表明，在低温－５０℃下，接头抗拉强度达２８０ＭＰａ以上，在２００℃时，接头抗拉强度可达２０ＭＰａ接头中的ε′相（主要由Ｚｎ－Ａｇ组成）在钎缝中起到强化作用。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.