共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
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通过简述藻类对自来水生产工艺和水质的影响,分析了我国自来水行业中藻类检测现状,提出了行之有效的水源水、饮用水中藻类鉴定方法及快捷检测技术. 相似文献
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对黄浦江源水中的藻类和微囊藻毒素-LR和-RR的含量进行了检测,结果表明:黄浦江源水中的微囊藻毒素浓度和藻类数目相对较低,藻类数目为(30~700)×104个/L,总MC-LR浓度为100~250 ng/L,总MC-RR浓度为450~650 ng/L;黄浦江源水中的MC-RR浓度比MC-LR浓度高两倍左右,总MC-RR浓度最高为650 ng/L,总MC-LR浓度最高为250 ng/L;受黄浦江水力和环境条件的影响,藻类在河道内大量死亡、裂解导致黄浦江源水中溶解性微囊藻毒素与总微囊藻毒素浓度的比值比一般源水的高很多。 相似文献
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混凝沉淀法去除富营养化景观水体中磷和藻类的试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
考察了采用硫酸铝(Al2(SO4)3·18H2O)和三氯化铁(FeCl3·6H2O)为混凝剂对富营养化景观水中磷和藻类的去除效果,并通过正交试验确定了最佳反应时间、混凝剂投加量和pH值.试验结果表明,两种混凝剂单独使用均可有效去除水中藻类和磷酸盐.Al2(SO4)3比FeCl3更适用于混凝沉淀去除富营养化景观水体中的藻类和磷. 相似文献
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水花生塘去除高效藻类塘出水中藻类的研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
高效藻类塘除污效果好、运行费用低、维护管理简便,非常适合资金相对缺乏但土地资源丰富的农村地区的污水处理,但出水中含有大量的藻类妨碍了该技术的推广应用。为此采用水花生塘作为高效藻类塘的后续处理工艺,研究了其对藻类、SS、COD等污染物的去除效果。试验结果表明,在水力停留时间为4 d的条件下,当该工艺运行稳定后对Chl-a、SS、COD、TN及TP的平均去除率分别为90.6%、94.3%、62.9%、32.0%及25.9%,平均削减量分别为0.185、36.713、38.340、4.403和0.283 g/(m2.d)。水花生塘有效地解决了高效藻类塘出水中藻类浓度偏高的问题,使得高效藻类塘更适合在农村地区推广应用。 相似文献
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本文对不同时期水库中藻类的分布状况作了一定的检测分析。随着水位由深到浅,藻类数量明显增多。同时,水中各项指标的含量也随之产生出规律性的变化。气温升高、光照增强,藻类易暴发,水质明显恶化。藻类代谢死亡需消耗大量的溶解氧,使水体形成一个强还原性环境,水体发臭、水味变苦、透明度降低,释放出藻毒素等对人体有害的物质。而且降低了的水质,易造成恶性循环,增大水处理难度,给城市供水带来不利。为确保供水安全,各供水企业需采取一些必要除藻措施如:工程性措施、物理除藻方法、化学除藻方法、生物性措施等。 相似文献
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针对黄河水藻类高发的现象,对水源地和沉砂池进行了取样分析,确定藻类为异味产生的根源.预处理试验结果表明,在投加20 mg/L聚合铁和10 mg/L硅酸钠的同时,投加0.4-1.0 mg/L聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(FL45C)对藻类和浊度的去除以及臭和味的控制效果较好. 相似文献
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A new method for evaluating biological safety of environmental water with algae, daphnia and fish toxicity ranks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this study, an innovative approach to evaluate biological safety of environmental water with toxicity ranks was proposed. Widely used species, algae (Selenustrum capricornutum), daphnia (Daphnia magna) and fish (Oryzias latipes larvae) belonging to three trophic levels in aquatic ecosystem, were selected and combined as a test set to measure the bio-toxicity of water sample. Maximum exposure concentrations for algae, daphnia and fish test were respectively designed as 10-, 50- and 50-fold of river water based on a simplification of conventional toxicity extrapolation method EU Directive EEC/93/67. A novel assessment index "safety score" of 1, 2, 3 and 4 with 1 being the safest was established for normalizing the toxicity effects. Safety score was determined according to the highest exposure concentration where adverse ecotoxicological effects could not be observed, and a triangle figure was designed to visually describe the safety scores of three toxicity tests. Finally, in order to conveniently evaluate the biological safety of environmental water, an integrated assessment index "bio-safety rank" (BSR) was established and determined according to the safety scores of the three tests, and with the index BSR, water sample could be ranked as A, B, C or D with A being the safest. It was shown that the proposed new method was effective for screening and evaluating the biological safety of river water in case studies. 相似文献
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从藻类消退期的河流中取水样,分别加入斜生栅藻、铜绿微囊藻、小球藻、人工湖泊中的两种混合野生藻及氧化塘中的野生藻,平行培养1周,考察水样中的溶藻细菌对这些藻类的去除效果.结果表明,对上述水样中的叶绿素a的去除率分别为94.69%、95.41%、94.50%、89.19%、92.67%和95.63%.采用PCR-DGGE指纹分析技术初步研究了加入不同藻类水样的微生物群落结构,结果表明加入藻类的水样与原始水样的群落结构存在较大差异,但加入不同藻类的水样之间的相似度较高.溶藻系统中的微生物种类包括未培养的细菌类、Bacillus sp.、Bacillus cere-us、Stenotrophomonas sp.等. 相似文献
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Freshwater phytoplankton quantification by chlorophyll a: a comparative study of in vitro, in vivo and in situ methods 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Standard ISO method for chlorophyll a quantification (extraction into ethanol, spectrophotometrical quantification at 665 and 750 nm), spectrofluorometry (reader for 96 wells, excitation 410 nm, emission 670 nm), and a submersible fluorescence probe for in situ phytoplankton quantification (excitation 410, 525, 570, 590, and 610 nm, emission 685 nm) were compared in different freshwater environments-reservoirs and rivers. The ISO method is accepted as a standard method but requires sample handling and transport to the laboratory. Spectrofluorometry is a sensitive method, even for natural phytoplankton populations. Nevertheless, it cannot be recommended for the quantification of cyanobacterial water blooms because colonial and filamentous species such as Microcystis, Anabaena, or Aphanizomenon display unacceptable variability (18-33%). The submersible probe featured high correlation with a standard ISO method (r=0.97, P<0.05). This probe can provide the selective measurement of technologically important phytoplankton groups like cyanobacteria, diatoms, green algae, and cryptophytes in lake vertical profiles of up to 100 m. The limitation of this instrument is the possible reabsorption of the light signal, e.g. in the presence of humic substances, or dense algal blooms. The use of submersible probes for in situ phytoplankton quantification can be recommended as a sensitive tool for water management, especially in the case of drinking water resources. 相似文献