环氧树脂/PBO纤维复合材料性能研究

对环氧树脂(EP)/聚对苯撑苯并二恶唑(PBO)纤维复合材料的性能进行初步研究。结果表明,用浓度70%的甲基磺酸(MSA)溶液对PBO纤维表面进行处理,可改善PBO纤维与EP基体的粘结强度,但同时使PBO纤维的拉伸性能降低;对PBO纤维处理2h后,以胺类固化剂固化的EP/PBO纤维复合材料的层间剪切强度比处理前提高41%,以酸酐固化剂固化的EP/PBO纤维复合材料的层间剪切强度比处理前提高48%;前者的层间剪切强度大于后者。     

化学气相沉积PPy/UHMWPE纤维的研究

采用化学气相沉积制备了聚吡咯/超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(PPy/UHMWPE)纤维,测试了不同氧化剂浓度、不同沉积时间和温度下PPy/UHMWPE纤维的表面剪切强度,用扫描电镜、动态热机械分析仪、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪分析了PPy/UHMWPE纤维的表面形态、热机械性能和复合材料官能团的变化。结果表明:PPy均匀分布在UHMWPE纤维表面,UHMWPE纤维与PPy之间无化学键作用而是分子间作用力;随着氧化剂三氯化铁浓度的增加和吡咯沉积时间的延长,PPy/UHMWPE纤维表面剪切强度先增大后减小;随着处理温度的升高,PPy/UHMWPE纤维表面剪切强度先增大,当处理温度超过85℃时,其剪切强度则减小。     

F-12纤维表面处理对复合材料壳体纤维强度转化率的影响

对F-12纤维表面进行聚合物涂层改性，通过NOL环复合材料剪切强度测试，研究不同浓度的聚合物表面处理液对复合材料层间剪切强度的影响．结果表明：F-12纤维表面经TDE-85／DDM体系处理后，复合材料层间剪切强度均高于未表面处理的纤维；当刚性涂层液质量分数为5％时，层间剪切强度最高，比未表面处理的纤维高50％左右．φ150mm容器爆破试验结果表明，F-12纤维表面经涂层液处理后，复合材料壳体纤维强度转化率平均提高2．3％，容器特性系数平均提高12．5％．     

硅烷改性PPTA纤维的表面粘结性能研究

采用未干燥的聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(PPTA)纤维,以乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷(VTMS)溶液对其进行表面改性,分析了改性前后PPTA纤维的表面元素、形貌结构以及力学性能的变化,并通过微脱胶法和激光拉曼光谱法研究了PPTA纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的界面剪切强度。结果表明:经VTMS溶液改性后,PPTA纤维表面产生了新的极性官能团,表面粗糙度增加;随着VTMS溶液浓度增大或处理时间增加,PPTA纤维/环氧树脂界面剪切强度逐渐增大,PPTA纤维的力学性能略为降低;较佳改性处理条件为VTMS溶液质量分数6%,处理时间5 min;经VTMS溶液改性处理后,PPTA纤维与树脂间的粘接性能提高,延缓了纤维轴向应力的传递。     

石英纤维布的界面处理对氰酸酯基胶膜性能的影响

分别采用烧蚀法和KH550/乙醇溶液对石英纤维布表面进行处理,将处理后的石英纤维布与改性氰酸酯树脂复合制备了氰酸酯/石英纤维布载体胶膜。研究结果表明,经过0.5%KH550溶液处理后的石英纤维表面形成一层均一的界面层,与氰酸酯树脂间的界面强度(IFSS)为62.1MPa,相比经过烧蚀法处理纤维的IFSS提高约90%。随着KH550浓度增加,氰酸酯/石英纤维布载体胶膜的剪切强度和石英纤维布界面硅元素的含量均呈现先增高后降低的趋势。采用0.5%KH550溶液对石英纤维布处理后,制备的氰酸酯/石英纤维布载体胶膜的综合性能最佳,400℃剪切强度为6.4MPa,400℃老化1h后强度保持率为90.2%。     

水解/接枝处理对F-12纤维/环氧复合材料力学性能的影响

采用氢氧化钾稀溶液对F-12纤维进行表面处理,将—COOK离子对引入到F-12纤维表面,进而引发不同接枝单体的接枝,并分析了不同接枝单体和接枝时间等对F-12纤维拉伸强度及其环氧复合材料层间剪切强度的影响。研究表明,在温和条件下将—COOK离子对引入到F-12纤维表面,引发环氧氯丙烷接枝,可以提高F-12纤维/环氧复合材料的层间剪切强度。     

低温等离子体对ＰＢＯ纤维表面改性的研究

 为提高ＰＢＯ纤维／环氧树脂复合材料的剪切强度,采用低温等离子体结合涂层技术对聚对苯撑苯并双唑（ＰＢＯ）纤维进行表面改性,分别用ＳＥＭ、ＩＲ对等离子体处理前后纤维表面形态、化学结构进行了表征,通过复合材料层间剪切强度测试,研究不同处理方式对复合材料层间剪切强度的影响。结果表明,等离子体处理后纤维表面粗糙度增加,极性增强。经低温等离子体结合涂层技术处理后,ＰＢＯ纤维／环氧树脂复合材料的层间剪切强度得到显著提高,较未处理样品提高了３９％。     

单向纤维增强塑料层间剪切强度试验方法的研究

纤维增强塑料因其比强度和比刚度大而作为高级结构材料获得广泛的应用。但它的层间剪切强度和垂直纤维方向的拉伸强度甚低,成为这类材料的主要弱点。为此,人们致力于研究适用不同纤维和树脂基体的各种偶联剂或纤维特殊表面处理,以提高纤维和基体界面的结合力,增加层剪强度和垂直纤维方向的拉伸强度等各种性能。单向纤维增强塑料层间剪切强度试验方法,就是为了适应筛选偶联剂或特殊表面处理以及检验产品质量而提出来的。     

空气介质阻挡放电等离子体对国产芳纶ⅢA表面改性的研究

采用空气介质阻挡放电等离子体对国产芳纶ⅢA进行表面处理,优化了其处理工艺。用SEM、XPS等方法研究了处理前后纤维表面形态和化学状态的变化,通过短梁剪切试验评价了芳纶ⅢA/环氧复合材料的抗层间剪切强度。结果表明:经空气等离子体处理后芳纶ⅢA表面粗糙度增加,极性增强,纤维力学性能无明显变化,芳纶ⅢA/环氧复合材料的抗层间剪切强度提高了18%。     

紫外辐射接枝改性UHMWPE纤维表面的研究

采用紫外辐射接枝方法对超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维表面进行改性。探讨了单体种类及浓度、引发剂、抗氧剂、接枝方法等对UHMWPE纤维表面处理效果的影响,测试了以其作为增强材料的复合材料的层间剪切强度。结果表明:在有氧开放体系下,气相接枝效果好于液相接枝;丙烯酰胺单体的接枝效果优于其它单体;接枝率随接枝单体浓度和接枝时间的增加而增加。采用丙烯酰胺为接枝单体,在光强度为86μW/cm~2条件下,对UHMWPE纤维进行紫外辐射接枝改性,按照一定铺层方式制备的环氧基复合材料的层间剪切强度从未处理的14.59MPa提高到17.36MPa。     

PE—UHMW纤维／环氧树脂复合材料研究

对超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(PE-UHMW)纤维进行了铬酸液相氧化和纳米二氧化硅溶胶表面涂覆的复合化表面处理，并对PE-UHMW纤维／环氧树脂复合材料进行了界面性能研究。结果表明，单纯的液相氧化和表面涂覆均可以提高复合材料的界面性能，但液相氧化处理时间过长会使纤维强度降低，而复合化处理则具有协同效应，可以不降低纤维强度而大幅度提高复合材料的层间剪切强度，是一种有效的表面处理方法。     

Evaluation of adhesion of continuous fiber–epoxy composite/aluminum laminates

Continuous fiber composite/metal laminates (FMLs) offer significant improvements over currently available composite materials for aircraft structures due to their excellent fatigue endurance and low density. Glass fiber–epoxy composite laminae and aluminum foil (GLARE) are commonly used to obtain these hybrid laminates. In this work, FMLs were produced by treating the aluminum foil to promote adhesion bonding by two methods: sulphuric chromic acid etching (SCAE) and chromic acid anodization (CAA). The surface treatments were evaluated by contact angle, roughness and scanning electron microscopy techniques. In order to compare different families of fiber composite/metal laminates, carbon fiber and glass fiber fabrics were used as reinforcements for the hybrid laminates. The adhesion of the hybrid laminates was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and three-point bending test. CAA resulted in better wetting properties. The interlaminar shear strength results for both carbon fiber-epoxy/metal and glass fiber-epoxy metal, were close to the interlaminar shear strength results found in the literature (approx. 40.0 MPa).     

Application of the microbond technique. IV. Improved fiber–matrix adhesion by RF plasma treatment of organic fibers

The microbond technique is a modification of the single-fiber pullout test for measuring interfacial shear strength. Briefly, a cured microdroplet of material is debonded in shear from a single fiber. Ultra-high modulus polyethylene (Spectra) fibers and aramid fibers (Kevlar) were treated using a radio frequency plasma in order to increase the interfacial bond between the fibers and an epoxy resin. The treated fiber surface was subsequently analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Plasma treatment resulted in an increased concentration of oxygen containing functionalities on the fiber surface. The interfacial shear strength as determined by the microbond test increased by 118% for the Spectra fibers and by 45% for the Kevlar fibers with the same epoxy resin. Scanning electron microscopy indicated little change of the surface topography of either fiber following plasma treatment. Effects of friction and surface composition of the plasma-treated fibers is discussed. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

短芳纶纤维增强聚苯硫醚复合材料的性能

研究了短芳纶纤维增强ＰＰＳ／ＰＥＫ－Ｃ复合材料树脂体系的力学性能。主要讨论了短芳纶纤维的长度、含量及芳纶纤维的表面处理方法和压制温度对复合材料体系力学性能的影响。结果表明：纤维的长度和含量对力学性能有显著影响,在相同纤维含量下,纤维长度增加可使纤维末端数减少,减少了应力集中点,有利于拉伸强度和冲击强度的提高。芳纶纤维不需经过表面化学处理即与ＰＰＳ有良好的界面特性。随加工温度升高,复合材料冲击强度降低,拉伸强度提高     

Plasma surface treatments on carbon fibers. II. Mechanical property and interfacial shear strength

Carbon fiber are surface treated by oxygen, argon, and styrene plasma to study the effects on fiber strength and interfacial shear strength with PPS resin. Interfacial shear strength between carbon fiber and high melting temperature thermoplastic resins is successfully measured with the microbond pull-out test with the help of scanning CO₂ laser beam which solved the difficulties in preparing PPS microspheres. Tensile tests show that etching by oxygen plasma and deposition with plasma–PS increase strength of the fibers in some cases. ESCA spectra deconvolutions demonstrate that the improved interfacial strength is strongly related to the hydroxyl, ether, or aromatic groups on the surface. On the other hand, hydrocarbon segments are detrimental to the interface. Surface area and roughness have little influences on the interfacial strength of carbon fiber/PPS composites.     

Interfacial Debonding Behavior of Mullite/SiC Continuous Fiber Composite

Mullite/SiC continuous fiber composites were fabricated by hot-pressing under different processing conditions. The interfacial shear strength was measured during the pull-out test, and the effect of fabrication conditions on interfacial debonding behavior was discussed. The debonding length during the pull-out test was quantitatively evaluated using acoustic emission. The interfacial shear strength was evaluated by stress analysis. The control of interfacial shear strength was achieved by controlling the hot-press temperature. An increase of load was found during the pull-out process after complete debonding. In order to explain the increased load, a new model is presented.     

碳纤维布增强聚苯硫醚复合材料的性能研究

研究碳纤维布的含量、表面处理方法及填料等对聚苯硫醚复合材料性能的影响。结果表明，随着碳纤维布含量的增加，复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度提高；碳纤维布经过表面处理后与聚苯硫醚的粘接强度大大提高，其中用丙酮浸泡的效果好于高温热处理；填料硅灰石经偶联处理后加入复合材料中，可提高材料的力学性能和耐热性。     

Technora纤维的表面改性研究

采用不同浓度的2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）溶液对Technora纤维（芳纶）进行表面改性,对处理前后的样品进行了扫描电镜、单丝抗拉强度、界面抗剪切强度、红外和表面浸润性测试。结果表明该方法能在对纤维力学性能无损伤的情况下,有效的改善界面性能和表面浸润性。     

表面改性超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维的热性能研究

采用铬酸刻蚀和化学气相沉积聚吡咯处理了超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维。用DSC、DMA、X-射线衍射及SEM分析了纤维的热力学性能、结晶情况及纤维的表观形貌。结果表明,铬酸处理及化学气相沉积聚吡咯处理后,纤维的耐热性均有所提高,纤维表面变得更加粗糙,其中化学气相沉积聚吡咯处理的纤维变化更明显。