HVOF喷涂纳米结构WC-12Co涂层的组织结构分析

纳米结构WC-12Co涂层的研究目前已受到了广泛重视,对其组织结构及影响因素的研究有利于提高涂层性能.采用HVOF工艺制备了纳米结构、多峰结构及普通微米结构3种WC-12Co金属陶瓷复合涂层,并采用SEM、XRD等对粉末及涂层的显微形貌、组织结构进行了分析;探讨了粉末在喷涂过程中的氧化脱碳机理,并指出了与之相关的影响因素.结果表明:纳米结构WC-12Co涂层结构致密,孔隙率低,与基体结合状态良好;纳米粉末在喷涂过程中比微米粉末氧化失碳严重,并发生了不同的纳米晶粒的长大;纳米粉末在喷涂过程中的氧化脱碳程度不仅与喷涂工艺有关,还在很大程度上取决于粉末本身的结构特性.     

结构仿生设计方法及其在机械领域中的应用

自然界中轻质高效的生物体结构是人类技术改进的灵感源泉,特别是生物体优异的结构、性能对工程技术的革新有借鉴意义。论文重点研究了结构仿生的研究方法及流程,分析了结构仿生在机械工程领域中的典型应用及进展,总结了结构仿生在机械领域应用中的发现问题,并展望了结构仿生的发展前景。     

热障涂层先进结构设计研究进展

随着航空航天技术的不断发展,不断提高的涡轮前进口温度及恶劣的使用环境对镍基高温合金的使用性能提出了更高的要求。热障涂层是一种应用于涡轮发动机热端部件的表面技术,通过沉积在镍基高温合金表面,降低合金表面的温度。概述了采用传统单层层状氧化钇部分稳定氧化锆热障涂层的优势,包括较低的制备成本、便捷的制备方式及较低的层间热膨胀失配应力。同时,归纳了单层层状热障涂层在高温环境下存在的问题,包括氧化锆相变与烧结造成的涂层失效,以及热膨胀系数和断裂韧性较差的新型陶瓷材料无法直接制备在黏结层表面。在此基础上重点综述了近年来热障涂层先进结构设计的研究进展,包括双层层状结构、柱状结构、垂直裂纹结构及复合结构热障涂层,其中复合结构包括激光表面改性结构、梯度涂层结构及粉末镶嵌结构热障涂层。针对各种先进结构热障涂层,分别从微观结构、热震寿命、涂层内部应力、耐腐蚀性能、抗氧化性能等方面进行了归纳,并总结了各先进结构热障涂层现阶段发展的不足之处。最后展望了热障涂层先进结构设计的发展方向。     

刻录机外门面板注射模结构优化

针对刻录机外门面板在实际生产中出现的各种缺陷,结合模流分析软件找出产生缺陷的原因,进而优化塑件结构及模具结构,并采用单腔倾斜主流道模具结构.在实际生产中采用优化实验设计,对塑件结构及模具结构进行进一步分析和创新设计,大大降低塑件的翘曲、缩瘪、凹痕、烧焦等各种缺陷,提高了生产效率,降低试模成本及生产成本.     

一种柔顺机构结构模型与自由度计算

在分析柔顺机构基本结构的基础上,针对柔性铰链的复杂性,给出了柔顺机构结构模型的表示方法及基本准则,基于结构模型提出了柔顺机构结构拓扑图和邻接矩阵的表示方法。针对柔顺机构在有效运动范围内具有确定运动的特点,提出了有效自由度的概念并给出了计算方法,避免了可变自由度的产生。以柔顺捕鱼钳为例分别验证了结构模型、拓扑图、邻接矩阵及自由度计算对于柔顺机构分析是有效的。     

混凝土的碳化及其防治措施

在现代社会的建筑领域中,混凝土及钢筋混凝土的应用十分广泛,我们对混凝土及钢筋混凝土结构的研究主要包括:混凝土及混凝土结构的强度、刚度及混凝土结构的耐久性等几个方面,而混凝土及其结构的耐久性主要包括混凝土的抗酸碱、抗风化、抗碳化等主要现象。其中,混凝土的碳化,对混凝土及钢筋混凝土耐久性有很大的影响,但至今尚未引起高度重视。本文就混凝土结构及钢筋混凝土结构的基本原理,剖析了混凝土碳化的物理化学机理及混凝土碳化对钢筋混凝土结构的危害性,研究并归纳了防治和减缓混凝土碳化的主要方法和措施等几个方面入手,使人们对混凝土的碳化现象有一些初步了解和认识。     

钛及钛合金植入体表面微纳结构制备技术及生物性能研究进展

对国内外医用钛及钛合金植入体表面微纳结构制备技术的研究现状进行综述。介绍了喷砂、微切削和激光等机械加工方法,等离子喷涂、溅射等物理方法,酸蚀、碱热处理、阳极氧化等化学处理方法在钛及钛合金植入体表面制备的微纳结构,概述了微纳结构对钛及钛合金植入体生物相容性的影响。最后,总结各种制备方法的优劣,并结合目前医用钛及钛合金植入体表面微纳结构研究中存在的问题,指出了植入体表面微纳结构制备方法的发展趋势。     

纳米晶金属的结构及其中扩散行为的研究现状

介绍了纳米金属晶体的微观结构,主要包括晶界结构、晶粒结构及结构稳定性;并对原子在纳米晶金属中的扩散行为的研究现状进行了综述。     

焊接结构主S-N曲线拟合方法及软件开发

主S-N曲线法是当前焊接结构疲劳计算的新方法,在焊接结构疲劳分析中被广泛采用. 该方法以等效结构应力为核心参量,实现了以一条S-N曲线计算不同载荷模式和焊接形式结构的疲劳寿命. 依据主S-N曲线法,利用不同材料和焊接形式的疲劳试验建立了焊接结构疲劳试验数据库. 考虑厚度、弯曲比及多轴应力等修正参量的影响,采用最小二乘法原理,研究了不同主S-N曲线方程的拟合方法及其标准差. 在此基础上,开发了主S-N曲线拟合方法的专用软件. 基于VC++编程环境实现了名义应力、结构应力、等效结构应力、剪切结构应力、多轴结构应力及初始裂纹修正等主要计算功能. 基于该软件,完成了试验数据的多参量的对比分析,为研究焊接结构疲劳寿命评估及影响因素分析提供了技术基础.     

气缸体砂型铸造下芯夹具的优化设计

简单评述了气缸体砂型流水线铸造用下芯夹具这类重要工装在现实设计、制作及应用中的现状,以及尚存在的一些不足之处;较详细地阐述了下芯夹具结构、夹具本体、夹紧结构及砂芯定位结构等的优化设计理念和技巧.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.