基于混合智能计算的铣刀状态监测

提出了一种基于混合智能融合技术进行铣刀磨损量监测和预测方法。利用多传感器对切削力和振动信号进行监测,通过频率变换提取切削力特征量,采用小波包分解技术提取振动信号特征量。通过信号特征值的组合,分别探讨了几种混合智能数据融合技术-小波神经网络,遗传神经网络,遗传小波神经网络对刀具磨损量的预测效果。实验分析表明,提出的几种基于多传感器的混合智能数据融合技术均能够有效地完成刀具磨损量监测和预测,同时对它们各自的特点进行了比较分析。     

多传感器数据融合技术在刀具状态监测中的应用

提出了一种基于混合智能融合技术进行铣刀磨损量监测和预测方法。利用多传感器对切削力和振动信号进行监测,通过频率变换提取切削力特征量,采用小波包分解技术提取振动信号特征量。通过信号特征值的组合,分别探讨了几种混合智能数据融合技术——小波神经网络、遗传神经网络、遗传小波神经网络对刀具磨损量的预测效果。试验分析表明:提出的几种基于多传感器的混合智能数据融合技术均能够有效地完成刀具磨损量监测和预测,同时,对这几种数据融合技术各自的特点进行了比较分析。     

基于小波神经网络监测刀具状态的研究

针对切削过程中振动信号和AE信号的特点，提出一种基于小波分析和BP神经网络的刀具磨损监测系统。该系统能融合振动和AE信号的特征，描述信号特征与刀具状态的非线性关系，以此识别刀具状态。试验表明基于小波神经网络的刀具磨损状态监剩系统是有效的。     

基于模糊数据融合的刀具磨损状态辩识

选取能够充分反映刀具磨损状态的振动信号和功率信号作为研究对象,采用正交小波变换技术,提取刀具磨损特征信号,利用该特征信号建立了振动幅值变化与刀具磨损量间的关系,计算出基于振动信号的刀具状态特征值,定性地识别出刀具磨损状态;对功率信号,采用统计分析方法,通过均方根处理提取出刀具磨损特征信号,并以信号强度的变化来表征刀具的磨损情况;为了避免单一特征信号提供刀具状态信息的局限性,采用模糊数据融合方法对振动、功率特征信号进行融合,获得更加全面、准确的刀具磨损状态;实验结果表明,基于模糊数据融合的刀具磨损状态识别比单一传感器系统对刀具磨损状态识别更为可靠.     

小波包分析在刀具声发射信号特征提取中的应用

分析了刀具的切削状态,介绍了刀具的声发射信号检测系统和小波、小波包分析技术,以及小波包频带能量分解方法,提出了小波包分解功率监测特征量提取技术.通过在刀具声发射的一个实例信号中的应用,有效地区分了刀具的两种切削状态,验证了小波包分解功率监测特征量提取方法的可行性.     

基于小波-神经网络的电机振动故障诊断

针对电机振动信号的频谱特点,提出基于小波-神经网络技术的电机故障模式识别与诊断的新方法。利用小波包的多维多分辨率特性,对电机振动信号进行分解与重构,获得振动信号的突变信息,提取与电机故障相关的特征信息,将其作为特征向量输入ART2神经网络,对其进行训练。经过训练后的神经网络可对电机工作状态进行在线监测和实时故障诊断,并在转子实验台上进行了模拟故障仿真试验。通过对仿真结果的分析,证实这种诊断方法的可行性。     

基于粒子群优化LS-SVM的车刀磨损量识别技术研究

刀具的磨损状态直接影响产品加工质量、成本和效率,对刀具磨损量的实时监测识别具有重要意义。针对刀具磨损状态先验样本少和常规神经网络识别模型收敛速度慢、易陷入局部极小值等问题,提出了基于最小二乘支持向量机（LS-SVM）的刀具磨损识别方法,并针对支持向量机的惩罚因子和核参数对模型识别精度影响较大的问题,提出一种根据个体适应度来调整惯性权重的自适应粒子群算法进行自动参数寻优。以车削加工为研究对象,采集加工过程中的切削力信号,应用小波包分析技术提取反映刀具磨损状态的特征信息作为识别模型的输入,然后利用训练好的自适应粒子群算法优化后的LS-SVM识别模型进行刀具磨损量识别。实验结果表明,该自适应粒子群优化算法比标准粒子群优化算法参数寻优能力更强;粒子群优化LS-SVM模型能高效地实现刀具磨损量识别,与BP神经网络相比具有更高的精度,且所需样本数较少,训练速度更快。     

基于RBF神经网络和小波包的电动机故障诊断研究

针对传统的电动机故障诊断存在很难准确提取故障时的特征信号及对故障作出准确预测的问题,提出了一种基于RBF神经网络和小波包的电动机故障诊断的方法。该方法采用小波包分析技术提取电动机典型轴承故障、转子故障和绝缘故障振动信号的特征频段能量并组成向量作为RBF神经网络的输入,用于诊断电动机的故障。实验和仿真结果表明,使用RBF神经网络对电动机故障诊断是非常有效的,对电动机早期故障的发现及维修有积极意义。     

网络流量预测的建模与仿真研究

研究网络流量准确预测问题,网络流量变化是一种具有时变性、多尺度和突发性的非线性系统,由于传统时间序列预测方法很难揭示内在变化规律,导致网络流量的预测精度比较低.为了提高网络流量的预测精度,提出一种小波分析BP神经网络的网络流量预测模型.模型首先通过小波分析对网络流量进行分解,得到网络流量信号的近似和细节部分,然后进行重构提取多尺度特征,最后将重构的网络流量数据输入到BP神经网络,利用BP神经网络的非线性能力对网络流量进行训练、建模并预测.仿真结果表明,小波神经网络方法提高了网络流量预测精度,是一种有效实用的网络流量预测方法.     

基于小波包神经网络的传感器故障诊断方法

讨论了小波包神经网络在传感器故障诊断中的应用问题.文中提出了将小波包分解提取各个节点特征能量与RBF神经网络进行模式分类的传感器故障诊断方法.通过三层小波包分解得到各个节点的分解系数,通过一定的削减算法使得故障的瞬态信号的特征得到加强,再根据重构的时域信号计算各个节点对应的能量,作为特征向量训练RBF神经网络.通过各种故障模式特征数据的训练,RBF网络具有了传感器故障诊断的功能.最后,通过工业锅炉流量传感器数据对训练之后的RBF神经网络进行检验,验证了这种方法的实用性和有效性.     

Tool condition monitoring using reflectance of chip surface and neural network

A wide variety of tool condition monitoring techniques has been introduced in recent years. Among them, tool force monitoring, tool vibration monitoring and tool acoustics emission monitoring are the three most common indirect tool condition monitoring techniques. Using multiple intelligent sensors, these techniques are able to monitor tool condition with varying degrees of success. This paper presents a novel approach for the estimation of tool wear using the reflectance of cutting chip surface and a back propagation neural network. It postulates that the condition of a tool can be determined using the surface finish and color of a cutting chip. A series of experiments has been carried out. The experimental data obtained was used to train the back propagation neural network. Subsequently, the trained neural network was used to perform tool wear prediction. Results show that the prediction is in good agreement with the flank wear measured experimentally.     

轴承故障融合诊断方法

针对传统人工神经网络在故障诊断中应用的局限性 ,提出一种基于小波变换、遗传算法与神经网络的融合故障诊断方法。该方法先用小波变换对原始采样信号进行特征提取 ,再用遗传算法优化选择最为重要的特征作为神经网络的输入参数。最后 ,由神经网络进行状态识别和特征分类。这样不仅减少网络训练时间 ,降低网络计算量 ,而且有效提高分类的准确性及故障诊断的可靠性。轴承故障诊断实验结果表明 ,该方法是有效的。     

Wavelet networks for sensor signal classification in flank wear assessment

It is known that the force and vibration sensor signals in a turning process are sensitive to the gradually increasing flank wear. Based on this fact, this paper investigates a flank wear assessment technique in turning through force and vibration signals. Mainly to reduce the computational burden associated with the existing sensor-based methods for flank wear assessment, a so-called wavelet network is investigated. The basic idea in this new method is to optimize simultaneously the wavelet parameters (that represent signal features) and the signal-interpretation parameters (that are equivalent to neural network weights) to eliminate the feature extraction phase without increasing the computational complexity of the neural network. A neural network architecture similar to a standard one-hidden-layer feedforward neural network is used to relate sensor signal measurements to flank wear classes. A novel training algorithm for such a network is developed. The performance of this n ew method is compared with a previously developed flank wear assessment method which uses a separate feature extraction step. The proposed wavelet network can also be useful for developing signal interpretation schemes for manufacturing process monitoring, critical component monitoring, and product quality monitoring.     

基于组件技术和遗传小波神经网络的智能建模系统研究

本文对已有的人工神经网络、小波分析、遗传算法的建模方法进行组合利用和加以改进,建立了智能信息处理器。该系统将大量的观测数据进行小波去噪等预处理后,作为小波神经网络模型的输入训练样本数据,网络训练中利用遗传算法动态修改网络结构和参数,并避免神经网络训练速度慢、容易陷入局部极值的缺点,从而完成数据挖掘和复杂的非线性建模功能;同时以智能信息处理器为基础,基于GIS平台利用组件技术建立扩展性强的智能建模系统。最后以某灌区水资源管理过程中的径流预报为例进行仿真实验,验证了方案的可行性和有效性。     

基于小波模糊神经网络的实时交通流预测

实时交通流预测是智能运输系统研究的重要内容之一.本文将小波分析的相关知识与模糊神经网络相结合,给出了基于小波模糊神经网络的交通流预测模型,采用小波函数作为模糊隶属度函数,用神经网络来实现模糊推理,完成对下一个周期性交通流的估计.同时,用遗传算法来优化整个网络,实测数据验证这种方法预测精度高,收敛过程平稳,适应性强.     

On-line tool condition monitoring system with wavelet fuzzy neural network

In manufacturing systems such as flexible manufacturing systems (FMS), one of the most important issues is accurate detection of the tool conditions under given cutting conditions. An investigation is presented of a tool condition monitoring system (TCMS), which consists of a wavelet transform preprocessor for generating features from acoustic emission (AE) signals, followed by a high speed neural network with fuzzy inference for associating the preprocessor outputs with the appropriate decisions. A wavelet transform can decompose AE signals into different frequency bands in the time domain. The root mean square (RMS) values extracted from the decomposed signal for each frequency band were used as the monitoring feature. A fuzzy neural network (FNN) is proposed to describe the relationship between the tool conditions and the monitoring features; this requires less computation than a back propagation neural network (BPNN). The experimental results indicate the monitoring features have a low sensitivity to changes of the cutting conditions and FNN has a high monitoring success rate in a wide range of cutting conditions; TCMS with a wavelet fuzzy neural network is feasible.     

Drill flank wear estimation using supervised vector quantization neural networks

Drill wear detection and prognosis is one of the most important considerations in reducing the cost of rework and scrap and to optimize tool utilization in hole making industry. This study presents the development and implementation of two supervised vector quantization neural networks for estimating the flank-land wear size of a twist drill. The two algorithms are; the learning vector quantization (LVQ) and the fuzzy learning vector quantization (FLVQ). The input features to the neural networks were extracted from the vibration signals using power spectral analysis and continuous wavelet transform techniques. Training and testing were performed under a variety of speeds and feeds in the dry drilling of steel plates. It was found that the FLVQ is more efficient in assessing the flank wear size than the LVQ. The experimental procedure for acquiring vibration data and extracting features in the time-frequency domain using the wavelet transform is detailed. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed neural network algorithms were effective in estimating the size of the drill flank wear.     

基于D-S理论的智能故障诊断关键技术研究与实现

以智能检测和故障诊断技术作为研究对象,分析了在智能故障诊断系统中用到的特征提取、模式识别和故障预测等关键技术,探讨了用于实现上述关键技术中的小波变换和人工神经网络算法。鉴于人工神经网络算法容易出现系统故障定位不准确性的不足,引入了D-S(Dempster Shafer)证据理论。首先用BP神经网络对故障信息进行局部诊断,然后利用D-S证据理论对局部诊断结果进行融合,进行全局诊断,得到最终的故障结果。D-S证据理论的引入,增大了诊断结果的可靠性和准确性,提高了诊断算法的适应性。在LabWindows/CVI的平台下,实现了智能故障诊断算法。