基于3S技术的土壤采集信息处理系统的设计与实现*

土壤采样质量的高低对精准农业施肥决策制定正确与否有重要的影响,高效、优化的土壤样品采集方案和基于GPS的准确采样是精准农业的基本重要问题之一.运用系统工程的方法,初步构建了土壤采集信息处理系统的通用设计和开发框架,并在此基础上,利用组件技术开发了车载土壤采集信息处理系统.该系统解决了GIS、GPS和RS之间的逻辑链接,实现了基于GIS和GPS的土壤样品采集方案优化设计与取样点导航定位功能;实现了采样点坐标和土壤化验结果的统一管理,与专用传感器相连可实现土壤理化指标的实时快速分析.     

车载信息存储和在线更新设计

设计一种新型列车监控装置的车载信息管理方法。利用在线可编程的NOR FLASH保存车载信息,以可移动海量存储设备为中介,通过双冗余CAN通信网络,使显示器和控制器具有同步在线更新及管理列车运行基础数据的功能。测试结果表明,该方法能提高列车监控装置运行的可靠性及列车数据管理的安全性。     

车载信息仿真与测试系统研究

传统的串行开发模式制约车载信息系统的开发。为此,通过对车载设备和车载操作系统进行仿真,获取设备通信履历,实现一种基于消息的车载信息仿真与测试系统。该系统通过实时获取车载设备的运行信息,对车载设备的运行情况进行监控。仿真实验结果证明,该系统可有效降低开发的错误率,实现车载信息系统的并行开发和测试。     

从车载信息装置到综合信息平台

文章概括了车载信息系统发展的历史,总结车载信息系统由面向单一功能的车载信息装置到现在基于微计算机的信息综合平台的发展过程。从智能交通系统(ITS)的大背出发描述了车载信息系统发展的必然性。本文重点介绍介绍了国内外三代车载信息系统的不同特点以及今后的发展方向,同时概括了车载信息系统领域研究的主要学术问题。     

基于ARM9的车载信息收发平台的硬件设计

移动车载设备已经广泛应用于现有的公交体系中,以辅助智能公交系统的运行;针对现有车载设备信息采集方式的局限性,介绍了一种新的车载信息收集解决方案,以配合现有的车载设备搭建一个更加完善的车载信息收发平台;主要介绍一种车载信息收发平台的硬件设计,其中包括平台电源分配设计、电池设计、UART口扩展、电源隔离设计以及阻抗匹配设计等,也给出了部分最终硬件平台的调试结果;经测试,各个电源降压模块工作稳定,GPS信号接收能力较强。     

轨道交通车载设备启动时间的测试方法

目前轨道交通车辆车载设备存在启动不起来或者启动时间过长的现象;传统的设备启动人工测试方法完全依赖于人工手动测试,需要人工上电断电、人工观察数据或者界面,人工计算时间,必然会存在较大的误差,并且率低非常低,且易出错;为了确保各类车载控制设备在运行过程中的稳定性,并且使得测试过程做到自动化,提升测试的效率以及准确度,采用程控电源输出装置,根据用户测试指令自动完成设备断电重启过程,采用时间统计装置,根据用户测试指令自动完成以MVB、TRDP为通讯方式的车载控制设备的启动时间测试;借助轨道交通车载设备启动时间的测试方法,可以自动化完成车载控制设备的长时间启动测试,并且可以统计出每一次实验的结果,为设备的稳定运行提供保障。     

基于CAN的磁浮列车车载诊断网络系统的设计

以上海磁浮运营示范线的德国高速磁悬浮列车为背景,以磁悬浮列车的国产化为目的;简要介绍了基于CAN的磁浮列车车载诊断网络系统;为了确保高速磁浮列车可靠的运行,设计了基于CAN的车载诊断网络系统,它是对车载设备诊断信息进行采集、分析并诊断,形成各车载设备的详细诊断信息,而这些诊断信息可以提供给列车驾驶员和地面控制中心进行参考,实时了解磁浮列车的状态;介绍了CAN总线技术及其特点,以及车载诊断网络系统的基本结构和诊断功能。     

电力机车中的微机测控系统

本文分析了电力机车用微机的综合运行环境,介绍了车载微机系统的结构,讨论了车载微机的信息传输、人机接口和可靠性保证体系.     

基于μClinux的车载信息显示系统的实现

提出了一种智能性更高,处理能力更强,人和车之间的信息交流更加简单方便的车载信息显示系统--基于μClinux的车载信息显示系统,并给出了该系统的软硬件结构以及相关的图表,详细论述了在该系统中基于μClinux串口数据采集,键盘,软硬件和应用程序等的关键技术的实现,建立一个可以显示汽车运行状态,能源状态和故障报警状态的友好的车载信息平台.     

铁路客车空调发电机组工况在线监控系统

为及时发现铁路客车空调发电机组的异常工况,避免机组长时间带病运行和可能由此导致的设备报废或其他更大损失,设计了发电机组工况在线监控系统.系统由列车上的车载监控装置和一台地面监控中心计算机组成.二者借助通用分组无线业务和互联网结合方式通信,实现了客车运行中发电机组工作参数和报警信息的远程实时传输.系统监测到参数异常时通过...     

基于CAN总线的重型卡车嵌入式车载仪表系统设计

设计了基于CAN总线的重型卡车车载网络系统。该网络系统由牵引车网段和拖车网段组成,中间通过桥接设备相互连接。主桥接设备是整个网络系统的核心,以嵌入式微处理器S3C2410A为核心,完成了该主桥接设备的硬件结构设计和基于Linux的监测、显示软件设计。     

Tractor stability indicator

Tractor overturns are a major cause of death in farm operations. The overturns are the result of interactions between the tractor operator, the tractor and the environment. Numerous variables involved in tractor overturn have been identified. Previous stability analyses have resulted in attempts to design devices to warn or prevent tractor rollover but to date nothing has proved successful. A newer approach to the rollover problem is to develop instrumentation that will give the operator instantaneous cues concerning the tractor's stability as it is operated. The device is perceived as a learning instrument which will increase both cognitive and motor skills.     

基于Android系统的智能循迹避障小车设计

智能循迹避障小车由控制系统Android设备和小车主体两部分构成.小车通过5路红外对管组成的循迹模块进行路径识别,通过3路超声波模块检测小车周边的障碍物,单片机(MCU)根据采集的环境信息控制小车按照正确的轨迹移动.采用蓝牙模块与上位机Android系统进行通信,采集的小车状态信息通过蓝牙模块上传至Android设备显示,Android设备通过蓝牙模块发送指令到单片机串口控制小车.智能循迹避障小车的研究在无人驾驶方面具有广泛的应用前景.     

高速公路交通流量检测系统

讨论了高速公路车辆检测系统IDS。系统采用电磁感应原理 ,对振荡器的频率计数可以测量到车辆通过的基本信息 ,在本底频率确定后 ,过滤掉实际采样频率与其差值在设定测量精度范围内的信号 ,通过数学优化得到车辆信息。本系统具有简单可靠、成本低的优势     

Real-time vibration monitoring and analysis of agricultural tractor drivers using an IoT-based system

Agricultural tractor drivers experience a high amplitude of vibration, especially during soil tillage operations. In the past, most research studied vibration exposure with more focus on the vertical (z) axis than on the fore-and-aft (x) and lateral (y) axes. This study examines how rotary soil tillage affects the vibration acceleration and frequency, and the power spectral densities (PSDs) at the seat pan and head along three translational axes in a real-field multiaxis vibration context. Moreover, this study aimed to identify the characteristics of the seat-to-head transmissibility (STHT) response to identifying the most salient resonant frequencies along the x-, y-, and z-axes. Nine (9) male tractor drivers operated the tractor with a mounted rotary tiller throughout the soil tillage process. In the event of a COVID-19 pandemic, and to respect social distancing, this study developed an Internet of Things (IoT) module with the potential to integrate with existing data loggers for online data transmission and to make the experimentation process more effective by removing potential sources of experimenter errors. The raw acceleration data retrieved at the seat pan and the head were utilized to obtain daily exposure (A(8)), PSDs, and STHT along the x-, y-, and z-axes. The vibration energy was found to be dominant along the z-axis than the x- and y-axes. A(8) response among tractor drivers exceeds the exposure action value explicitly stated by Directive 2002/44/EU. PSDs along the x-, y-, and z-axes depicted the low-frequency vibration induced by rotary soil tillage operation. The STHT response exhibited a higher degree of transmissibility along the y- and z-axes when compared with that along the x-axis. The frequency range of 4–7 Hz may plausibly be associated with cognitive impairment in tractor drivers during rotary soil tillage.     

Wi—Fi技术在智能手持设备中应用性能评估

通过对相关的资料的收集及相关实验，描述了当前最新无线局域网技术Wi-Fi在智能手持设备中应用性能评估，通过文字、图表等方式介绍给读者，希望测试评估的结果及分析能作为一种大家在将来设计Wi-Fi及蓝牙相关产品时的性能指标参考。     

Representativity for robust and adaptive multiple importance sampling

We present a general method enhancing the robustness of estimators based on multiple importance sampling (MIS) in a numerical integration context. MIS minimizes variance of estimators for a given sampling configuration, but when this configuration is less adapted to the integrand, the resulting estimator suffers from extra variance. We address this issue by introducing the notion of "representativity" of a sampling strategy, and demonstrate how it can be used to increase robustness of estimators, by adapting them to the integrand. We first show how to compute representativities using common rendering informations such as BSDF, photon maps, or caches in order to choose the best sampling strategy for MIS. We then give hints to generalize our method to any integration problem and demonstrate that it can be used successfully to enhance robustness in different common rendering algorithms.     

集成触觉传感器阵列

触觉传感器可以探测到被接触物体的状态、图象、硬度等信息,是机器人操作和控制的基础。本文介绍了触觉传感器的信息构成、集成触觉传感器的阵列结构及信号处理系统,指出了在集成触觉传感器研究中亟待解决的问题。     

Effective soil moisture sampling depth of L-band radiometry: A case study

The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of the soil moisture sampling depth in the parameterization of soil emission in microwave radiometry at L-band. The analysis is based on brightness temperature, soil moisture and temperature measurements acquired over a bare soil during the SMOSREX experiment. A more detailed profile of surface soil moisture was obtained with a soil heat and water flows mechanistic model. It was found that (1) the soil moisture sampling depth depends on soil moisture conditions, (2) the effective soil moisture sampling depth is shallower than provided by widely used field moisture sensors, and (3) the soil moisture sampling depth has an impact on the calibration of soil roughness model parameters. These conclusions are crucial for the calibration and validation of remote sensing data at L-band.