水灾防治技术浅析

通过对阳泉煤业集团天安煤矿有限公司矿井充水因素的理论分析及井田范围内实地钻探探测,了解了天安煤矿水害主要为老空区积水和底板奥灰水,分析了综合防治水措施,在类似承压开采矿井防治水方面值得推广应用.     

GK1C改型机车车体模块化设计

对目前资阳机车有限公司生产的GK型调车机车车体存在的问题进行了分析,阐述了GK1C改型机车车体模块化设计的具体方法及结果,对设计中的不足提出了改进措施。GK1C改型机车车体模块化设计的成功,为干线机车车体模块化设计提供了借鉴。     

基于LQIR的MMC-SST输入级控制策略研究

针对现有固态变压器（Solid-State Transformer,SST）输入级控制算法复杂,且参数整定困难等不足,文章提出一种基于线性二次型积分调节（Linear Quadratic Integrate Regulator,LQIR）的最优控制策略。首先根据固态变压器输入级的简化等效电路建立了基于dq旋转坐标系的数学模型;然后,推导了换流器交、直流侧的状态空间方程,并提出了基于LQIR控制器的新型综合控制策略;最后,在Matlab/Simulink中搭建基于模块化多电平变换器（Modular Multilevel Converter,MMC）型SST的仿真模型,并与传统比例积分（Proportion Integration,PI）控制进行对比,在几种典型测试工况下验证了所提控制策略的可行性与优越性。     

DF7型模块化机车电气系统的研制

介绍了DF7型模块化机车(包括DF7G型、DF7C型和其他变型产品)的电气系统。主要介绍了机车配置、性能特点、技术参数；同时介绍了机车结构特点及改进情况。     

SDD8型机车电气室模块化设计

介绍了SDD8型机车电气室模块化设计,该方案把电气设备与电气室钢结构作为一体化设计成独立的模块,重新布局并设计了电气设备和钢结构,从而实现机车总组装时电气室的完全互换。     

柴油机的模块化技术

基于模块化技术在各行各业的广泛应用,得出了柴油机的模块化技术发展趋势。分析了柴油机模块化结构的技术优势,综述了国内外柴油机模块化仿真分析和结构设计的研究现状,指出了制约柴油机模块化发展的主要问题,并提出了推动我国柴油机技术创新发展的几点建议。     

机车车辆模块化设计

介绍了模块化设计的思想和国外机车车辆制造业模块化设计的状况以及运用计算机辅助技术进行模块化设计的工作原理，最后探讨了机车车辆模块化设计技术的研究内容和应用策略。     

HXN3型重载内燃机车产品设计平台的建立

HXN3型内燃机车是大连机车车辆有限公司和美国EMD公司合作研制开发的大功率交流传动重载货运机车,它具有鲜明的整车技术平台、系统技术平台和部件模块化设计的特点。介绍了该车技术平台的总体布局、技术特性、子系统的特点及性能。     

整体型和锯齿型螺旋翅片管研究综述

锯齿型鳍片管在锅炉机组的省煤器、热管空气预热器、对流蒸发受热面,以及冶金、化工系统的热交换设备中得到了较为广泛的应用。介绍了整体型和锯齿型螺旋翅片管的研究现状,对两种结构的翅片管性能进行了比较,阐述了二者选用的标准,针对现阶段研究出现的问题对整体型和锯齿型螺旋翅片管研究的方向提出了建议。     

高精度燃气轮机控制器在回路的仿真研究

采用容积法建立了非迭代和模块化的燃气轮机实时模型,并提出其实时求解算法;同时还建立了通用的燃气轮机控制器在回路的实时仿真平台,并在PC机上获得了高精度实时时钟.基于该实时模型和平台,进行了高、低压压气机和涡轮共轴的燃气轮机起动、升降负荷和甩负荷仿真试验,并通过整定PID控制器参数获得了理想的燃气轮机动态响应特性.结果表明:该实时模型、算法和平台可满足高精度燃气轮机控制器在回路的仿真需要,具有工程应用价值.     

Coordinate control strategy for stability operation of offshore wind farm integrated with Diode-rectifier HVDC

Due to low investment cost and high reliability, a new scheme called DR-HVDC (Diode Rectifier based HVDC) transmission was recently proposed for grid integration of large offshore wind farms. However, in this scheme, the application of conventional control strategies for stability operation face several challenges due to the uncontrollability of the DR. In this paper, a coordinated control strategy of offshore wind farms using the DR-HVDC transmission technology to connect with the onshore grid, is investigated. A novel coordinated control strategy for DR-HVDC is proposed based on the analysis of the DC current control ability of the full-bridge-based modular multilevel converter (FB-MMC) at the onshore station and the input and output characteristics of the diode rectifier at the offshore. Considering the characteristics of operation stability and decoupling between reactive power and active power, a simplified design based on double-loop droop control for offshore AC voltage is proposed after power flow and voltage–current (I–V) characteristics of the offshore wind farm being analyzed. Furthermore, the impact of onshore AC fault to offshore wind farm is analyzed, and a fast fault detection and protection strategy without relying on communication is proposed. Case studies carried out by PSCAD/EMTDC verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy for the start up, power fluctuation, and onshore and offshore fault conditions.     

Centralised and distributed electricity systems

Because of their high level of integration, centralised energy supply systems are vulnerable to disturbances in the supply chain. In the case of electricity especially, this supply paradigm is losing some of its appeal. Apart from vulnerability, a number of further aggravating factors are reducing its attractiveness. They include the depletion of fossil fuels and their climate change impact, the insecurities affecting energy transportation infrastructure, and the desire of investors to minimise risks through the deployment of smaller-scale, modular generation and transmission systems.     

The diversity of design of TSOs

It is puzzling today to explain diversity and imperfection of actual transmission monopoly designs in competitive electricity markets. We argue that transmission monopoly in competitive electricity markets has to be analyzed within a [Wilson, R, 2002. Architecture of the power markets. Econometrica 70(4), 1299–1344] modular framework. Applied to the management of electricity flows, at least three modules make the core of transmission design: (1) the short run management of network externalities; (2) the long run management of network investment; and (3) the coordination of neighboring transmission system operators (TSOs) for cross-border trade. In order to tackle this diversity of designs of TSOs, we show that for each of these modules, three different basic ways of managing them are possible. Among the identified 27 options of organization, we define an ideal TSO. Second, we demonstrate that (1) monopoly design differs from this ideal TSO and cannot handle these three modules irrespective of the “institutional” definition and allocation of property rights on transmission, while (2) definition and allocation of property rights on transmission cannot ignore the existing electrical industry and transmission network structure: they have to complement each other to be efficient. Some conclusions for regulatory issues of TSOs are derived from this analysis of network monopoly organization.     

Dynamical measurement system for wind turbine fatigue load

A measurement system specially used in wind turbine fatigue load assessment is developed based on Labview platform and Control Area Network (CAN). By applying CAN bus communication technology, the system can perform data automatic acquisition, data stable transmission and data real-time monitoring. By adopting the technology of virtual instrument modular design, the system is designed to analyze the wind turbine mechanical load levels against wind and power, equivalent loads and lifetime fatigue loads, etc. Considering the effects of small load strengthening, low amplitude load damaging and multilevel load interaction, a novel fatigue lifetime prediction model is proposed to obtain more accurate and reliable prediction of blade fatigue life. With the developed measurement system, the in-field load measurements are performed and the results showed the system has satisfactory accuracy and good adaption, convenient operation, high integration, low cost and great practicality to load measurement of large wind turbine. And based on the proposed model the fatigue life of WT blade can be estimated more trustworthily and reliably.     

适用于直流电网的推挽式直流自耦变压器及其控制策略

基于双有源桥拓扑结构的能量传输机理,通过融合直流自耦变压器与模块化多电平换流器的拓扑演绎规律,提出了具有高传输效率和高运行可靠性的推挽式直流自耦变压器.分析了推挽式直流自耦变压器的工作机理、控制策略和系统参数对运行特性的影响.通过采用特定拓扑结构的四绕组变压器并结合推挽式工作模式,推挽式直流自耦变压器内部的特定四绕组变...     

Opening Up for Interoperability

An overview of the open architecture for the control center modernization and consolidation project at British Columbia Transmission Corporation (BCTC) is discussed. The design is based on the technology strategy of creating a long-term, cost-effective, sound, and sustainable solution. The integration solution provided allows modular introduction of new applications and upgrading of individual applications without impacting the rest of the system. The approach consists of a pragmatic, real-world decision-making framework that addresses multiple conflicting requirements and constraints. The architecture creates an open and flexible framework for evolving the consolidated control centers into a scalable infrastructure for evolution and implementation of a long-term roadmap.     

Solar heating using common building elements as passive systems

The paper reviews the first steps of a study on use of windows as passive solar air collectors, offsetting naturally the excess of heat in the thermal mass of the building itself, and of vertical solar collectors, with air as working fluid, and with storage systems designed as intergral parts of the building, incorporated in the concrete elements. Some examples of architectural solutions combining these principles in a modular design are suggested. Incorporated storage examples using ceilings and partitions with appropriate air transfer through them are proposed. The relevant thermal analysis on the use of windows as passive solar collectors is based on the Total Thermal Time Constant (TTTC) Method, developed by two of the authors. An analysis is also presented for a vertical flat-plate solar collector using air as working fluid and capable of integration in a blank (windowless) part of an external wall. Design and dimensioning of the fin surface are proposed for heat transfer from collector surface to fluid. The final section deals with experimental model based on the above principles and combining a vertical collector and heat storage for use in daytime and at night, respectively. The model was so dimensioned as to represent a 1:1 unit in modular building design. An overall thermal efficiency of about 18 per cent was obtained.     

Study on thermodynamic characteristic and optimization of steam cycle system in IGCC

In order to increase the overall efficiency of IGCC, integration of the steam-side subsystem in IGCC is attracting more and more attention with the development of technology and experience achievement. The existing design methods are generally the simulation and analysis of their performance under the conditions of the given steam subsystem configuration. This usually results in only partial optimization. In this paper, a new idea is presented and a new method––simultaneous optimization of configuration and parameters––is investigated and used for IGCC steam subsystem. These are expected to overcome the shortcomings of the previous ones, adapt to various IGCC technological demand for steam subsystem and realize better cascade utilization of exhaust heat from gas turbine. The optimization model for steam subsystem is established, based on modular modeling idea of general system integration. Case study shows that the synthesis optimization method and model presented in this paper are valuable for steam subsystem performance analysis and optimization design of IGCC.     

Design and development of a diesel and JP-8 logistic fuel processor

The paper describes the design and performance of a breadboard prototype for a 5 kW fuel-processor for powering a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack. The system was based on a small, modular catalytic Microlith auto-thermal (ATR) reactor with the versatility of operating on diesel, Jet-A or JP-8 fuels. The reforming reactor utilized Microlith substrates and catalyst technology (patented and trademarked). These reactors have demonstrated the capability of efficiently reforming liquid and gaseous hydrocarbon fuels at exceptionally high power densities. The performance characteristics of the auto-thermal reactor (ATR) have been presented along with durability data. The fuel processor integrates fuel preparation, steam generation, sulfur removal, pumps, blowers and controls. The system design was developed via ASPEN^® Engineering Suite process simulation software and was analyzed with reference to system balance requirements. Since the fuel processor has not been integrated with a fuel cell, aspects of thermal integration with the stack have not been specifically addressed.