输电线路防覆冰涂料

用改性的石硅溶胶-苯丙乳液却基料，吸光性能良好的FeMnCuOx为颜料，制备疏水防冰涂料。对所制备的涂料进行了性能检测和应用实验，结果表叫：该涂料具有一定防粒冰性能，在-20—0℃和较高相对湿度的实验室条件下具有减缓铝线表面结冰的作用，同时该涂料还具有较好的结合力和耐候性。     

憎水性涂料对风机叶片结冰影响研究

通过风洞实验探索憎水性涂料分别在不同空气温度、相对湿度及冰冻时间的因素下对风机叶片覆冰过程的影响。实验结果表明:憎水性涂料并不能完全防止叶片结冰,但具有一定的防冰效果。空气温度为-6~-8℃时,憎水性涂料的防冰性能最差。温度一定时,憎水性涂料的防冰性能随相对湿度呈单调递减关系。当表面冰层达到一定厚度时,憎水涂料将失去防冰性能。憎水性涂料在一定范围的温度和湿度条件下才能发挥出良好的防冰性能。     

高寒列车转向架防冰涂料的研究

在高寒地区运行的列车转向架部位容易发生结冰现象，这在一定程度上对行车安全造成隐患。对于平滑表面而言，表面的接触角滞后与冰粘附强度呈现线性关系，即接触角滞后越小，冰粘附强度越低。基于这一基础理论，本文意在构建低滞后的光滑涂层，实现涂层的低冰粘附强度，从而达到易除冰的效果。研究选用 HDI三聚体型多异氰酸酯为固化剂，对比了 3种商品化具有低表面能特性的含氟羟基树脂应用于双组分防冰涂料的性能差异，并采用疏水性最强、防冰性能最优的氟硅树脂制备了综合性能优异的高寒列车转向架防冰涂料。     

风电机组叶片防结冰涂料防结冰性能评价方法研究

防结冰涂料是国内外普遍采用的防止或减轻叶片结冰的有效方法之一,该技术目前还不够成熟,对涂料的防结冰性能评判暂无统一标准,缺失对防结冰涂料系统、全面的测试与评价方法。本项目通过收集与分析国内结冰地区气候条件、结冰机理等资料,征询涂料企业和风电企业建议,开发了一种模拟自然环境下风电叶片涂料结冰的环境模拟设备,并通过水接触角测试、结冰环境模拟测试、结冰附着力测试3种手段综合评价叶片涂料防结冰性能。     

基于FEVE树脂体系的风棚叶片抗结冰涂料的设计

通过对高寒高湿地区气候条件的分析，研究了风力发电设备结冰的自然条件和形态，系统阐述了此款基于FEVE树脂体系的风机叶片抗结冰涂料的设计思路，涂膜抗结冰的机理以及主要测试数据，介绍了根据现场使用工况而设计的相关实验方法及实验数据。     

Ames推出超薄含氟聚合物防护涂料

Ames公司日前推出了AMESShield防护涂料，该涂料可以为飞机零部件提供足够的保护和防护、大大降低飞行器零部件在遭受外物损害（FOD）的危险程度。据悉，AMESShield防护涂料的性能具有涂层表面憎冰的性能，确保飞行器零部件在高空高寒环境不会受冻结冰，大大提高飞行器的安全性。     

风电叶片用水性抗结冰涂料的制备及性能影响因素探讨

制备了一种风电叶片用水性抗结冰涂料,考察了成膜物种类及配比、疏水助剂、特种填料对水性抗结冰涂料性能的影响。结果表明:采用氟碳乳液WU1/WU2为主体,以3︰7比例作为成膜物,添加3%(质量分数,后同)聚二甲基硅氧烷类疏水助剂,并添加0.6%氟化石墨烯,制备的抗结冰涂料的抗结冰性能最好。     

企业讯息

中远关西抗结冰氟碳涂料实现现场挂机 中远关西涂料化工有限公司抗结冰叶片涂料日前在金风科技河北围场县风场132机组进行了现场挂机试涂。针对我国环境复杂、气候恶劣这一实际情况,中远关西量身打造了涂料方案,将氟碳涂料用于风机叶片,产品具有高附着力、高耐候性、高弹性和耐磨性。在此基础上,公司尝试通过纳米防冰雪添加剂对叶片涂料进行表面改性处理,降低了冰雪与基体的黏结力,同时利用先进的微观技术,控制了水分子结构中H-O键角度,改变了涂料表面状态,使风机叶片产生了明显的抗结冰特性。     

软段组成对聚氨酯防冰涂料性能的影响

以聚醚多元醇MN-3050D、聚醚多元醇DL-2000D、聚己内酯二醇PCL-2000和聚碳酸酯二元醇PCDL-2000为软段，分别与二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI-50)制备聚氨酯防冰涂料的A组分，以市售含氟树脂为聚氨酯防冰涂料的B组分，研究了软段组成对聚氨酯防冰涂料力学性能、吸水率、接触角、冰粘附强度的影响，并优选性能最佳的涂层评价其综合性能。结果表明：所制备的聚氨酯防冰涂料吸水率小于1%，接触角大于90°；相对于以MN-3050D和DL-2000D为软段的聚氨酯防冰涂料，以PCL-2000和PCDL-2000为软段的聚氨酯防冰涂料具有更优的力学性能和耐水性能，但冰粘附强度也更高；随着涂层厚度的增加，防冰涂料的冰粘附强度均逐渐减小。优选以PCL-2000为软段的聚氨酯防冰涂料评价其综合性能，结果显示其与混凝土的粘结强度为2.68 MPa，同时具有良好的耐老化性能和柔韧性。     

聚偏氟乙烯/炭黑超疏水复合涂层的制备及其防除冰性能

风电叶片、电缆等表面结冰会严重影响风力发电机的正常运行，研究有效的防冰和除冰技术具有十分重要的应用价值。本文选用聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)溶液和纳米炭黑颗粒，采用简单的喷涂法在陶瓷片表面制备出兼具超疏水性和光热效应的PVDF/炭黑复合涂层，其表面对水滴的接触角高达165.0°，滚动角低至4.1°。通过静态结冰和光热除冰试验发现，该涂层不仅能有效延缓水滴在陶瓷表面结冰，而且在红外光辐射下表面温度迅速升高，展现出优异的防冰和除冰性能。     

Ice-resistant surface with three dimensional spherical halloysite aerogel: Construction and anti-icing mechanism

A novel 3D microsphere fabricated with halloysite nanotubes was reported in our previous work. The hollow tubular structure in nano-scale of halloysite and the hollow structure in micro-scale of microsphere have attracted our attention. In this paper, phase change materials (methylmyristate and n-dodecane) were loaded in the spaces for the construction of anti-icing surface, and the related behavior and mechanism were investigation. The anti-icing performance of slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPSs) were characterized by ice adhesion strength, freezing temperature and ice nucleation rate. The results showed that the phase change materials loaded in anti-icing coating eliminated the possibility of water vapor condensation in porous structure, greatly reduced the probability of nucleation on a concave surface, thus showed better anti-icing effect. Phase change materials play an important role in supercooling, effectively increasing the substrate temperature by 5.4 °C. Phase change anti-icing coating is a kind of functional material with great development potential.     

Design and preparation of durable anti-icing polysilazane coatings with abrasion and UV resistance

This work developed a method to enhance the durability of anti-icing performance of a coating to endure abrasion and UV exposure, through grafting functional polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to TiO₂ particles and further reacting with polysilazane (PSZ) pre-polymer. This method remarkably improved the anti-icing properties of PSZ-based coatings evaluated by freezing delay time and ice removal shear strength. After either surface abrasion for 50 cycles or UV exposure for 100 h, the modified coatings exhibited ice shear strength increase by only 10.44 and 6.44 kPa respectively, significantly lower comparing to that of the coatings containing 30% TiO₂ with no PDMS modification (29.69 and 11.88 kPa, respectively). Such strengthened durability of anti-icing performance is attributed to the PDMS molecules bridging PSZ rigid segments and TiO₂ compositions, which formed a hydrophobic cross-linking network structure. The durable anti-icing technique developed herein shall appeal to many outdoor applications of facilities and infrastructures.     

低表面能含氟硅防冰涂料的制备及应用

概述了涂料防冰的原理,重点论述了低表面能涂料在输电线上的应用,并介绍了新研发的氟硅防冰涂料FB-01的制备及性能.检测结果表明,由甲基丙烯酸酯类单体、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、含氟甲基丙烯酸酯类单体等原料制得的含氟硅清漆,可有效降低冰和衬底表面的附着力,具有一定防冰效果.     

Long-term hydrophobicity and ice adhesion strength of latex paints containing silicone oil microcapsules

Waterborne anti-icing coatings were prepared by embedding silicone oil microcapsules in latex paints. The long-term hydrophobicity and ice adhesion strength of the coatings were examined with a QUV accelerated weathering tester and a pull-off adhesion tester. The effects of silicone oil content and pigment/binder (PB) ratio on the long-term hydrophobicity and the ice adhesion strength of the coatings were investigated. A higher silicone oil content and a PB ratio close to the critical pigment volume concentration favor long-term hydrophobicity of the coatings. An obvious decrease in ice adhesion strength was achieved for coatings with a PB ratio of 5.0 and a silicone oil content of 4.2%. For coatings with the same surface roughness, a higher water contact angle (WCA) led to lower ice adhesion strength. However, for coatings with different surface roughnesses, the ice adhesion strength was found to be dependent on surface roughness rather than on WCA.     

飞机防冰涂料应用研究进展

介绍了飞机遭遇结冰云雾引发的安全风险,提出防冰涂层是解决飞机防冰问题的有效方法。基于防冰涂层理论模型,面向应用,分别综述了国内外防冰涂料产品和技术发展现状,分析了目前国内防冰涂料与国外的差距。     

防覆冰涂料在输电线路上的应用

输电线路覆冰灾害及其预防现已成为一个迫切需要解决的问题。对比了几种防冰涂料在输电线上的应用,分别测试其接触角、涂层表面张力、户外覆冰量等并考察了其在户外的实际应用效果。     

输电线路防覆冰涂料的研究进展

简述了线路覆冰雪造成的危害,综述了目前国内外线路防覆冰涂料的类型和研究现状,提出了梯度结构的憎水性吸热涂料是未来输电线路防覆冰涂料的发展趋势.     

Preparation and evaluation of hydrophobic surfaces of polyacrylate-polydimethylsiloxane copolymers for anti-icing

Two series of polyacrylate-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) copolymers, namely, polyacrylate-b-PDMS and polyacrylate-g-PDMS with three different molecular weights of PDMS blocks or side chains, were synthesized for formation of hydrophobic surfaces for anti-icing. The main purpose of this paper was to investigate the relationship between ice adhesion strength and the surface structure of the copolymers, and to find out how the prepared PDMS-containing polyacrylate copolymers are potentially used for anti-icing. The microphase-separated structure and the surface chemical composition were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ice adhesion strength was measured using a universal testing machine in a pull off mode. Results suggested that microphase separation appeared clearly in all the copolymers, especially for the block ones. The PDMS chains aggregated on the top of the polymer surfaces caused by microphase separation could weaken the interaction between the polymer surface and water, mainly hydrogen bond, which was demonstrated because of decrease of water contact angle hysteresis. Then, ice adhesion strength was decreased by the contribution of PDMS in the block copolymers or the graft copolymer with longer PDMS side chains. It is suggested that the polyacrylate-b-PDMS or polyacrylate-g-PDMS copolymers would have practical applications in preparation of anti-icing coatings.     

光热超疏水材料的制备与防、除冰性能研究

户外设备表面结冰给人类生活和生产带来了众多不便,研究具有防结冰性能和除冰性能的新一代防、除冰材料对于户外设备的持久稳定运行具有重要意义。本文利用模板法将三氧化二钛（Ti₂O₃）粉末和聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）混合制备具有规则阵列结构的光热超疏水材料,并研究其防结冰性能与光热除冰性能。得益于Ti₂O₃优异的光热性能,制备的材料在100 mW/cm²光照条件下的光热温升可达55℃,冻结在表面的液滴可在200 s内融化,具有优异的光热转换与光热除冰性能。而PDMS材料固化后本征疏水,加规则阵列微结构后赋予材料优异的超疏水性能,其接触角高达153°,滚动角小于5°。无光照时的结冰延迟时间长达1300 s,是无光热材料表面结冰延迟时间的3倍。而在光照时由于其优异的光热性能,液滴在长达6 h的结冰测试中尚未结冰,表明材料具有优异的光热防结冰性能。研究结果论证了利用自然界丰富太阳能进行除冰的可能性,为户外设备表面除冰技术提供新的方式。