化学包覆法制备TiO_2/SiO_2复合物

与TiO2光催化剂相比,以SiO2为载体或内核制备的TiO2/SiO2复合催化剂,其表面活性、光催化活性和热稳定性都更高。以粉煤灰为原料制备的沉淀SiO2为硅源,钛酸四丁酯为钛源,采用化学包覆法制备TiO2/SiO2复合物,采用扫描电镜(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)和差热分析(TG-DTA)等测试手段对该复合物进行表征。FT-IR和TG-DTA分析证实,SiO2被TiO2有效包覆。复合物热稳定性较高,经700℃焙烧4 h后,SiO2仍为无定形,TiO2以锐钛矿相为主;在900℃焙烧后,TiO2大部分由锐钛矿相转变为金红石相。     

W,N共掺杂TiO_2/SiO_2/Fe_3O_4磁性光催化剂研究

以Fe3O4纳米颗粒为内核,SiO2惰性层为隔离层和钛酸四正丁酯为前驱体,钨酸铵、硝酸铵为掺杂源,采用低温溶胶法制备磁负载型的钨、氮共掺杂二氧化钛磁性光催化剂;通过XRD、SEM、DRS和IR等表征手段,对低温溶胶制备磁负载型的钨、氮共掺杂的二氧化钛磁性光催化剂的性质进行研究。结果表明:催化剂为锐钛矿晶型,球形纳米颗粒,禁带宽度降低了0.66eV。以氙灯模拟太阳光降解甲基橙,光照1h,催化剂降解率均达到90%以上。     

La掺杂SiO_2/TiO_2纳米粉体的制备及其光催化性能

采用并流中和法制备了La掺杂的SiO2包覆TiO2纳米粒子,利用X射线衍射(XRD),傅立叶交换红外光谱(FT-IR),透射电镜(TEM)及紫外可见光吸收(UV-Vis)光谱对掺杂改性前后样品进行表征。以紫外光照降解甲基橙为测试体系,研究了La掺杂量及煅烧温度对SiO2/TiO2光催化性能的影响,并对其作用机制做了初步的探讨。FT-IR表明在包覆层和纳米TiO2颗粒之间的界面上形成了Ti-O-Si和Ti-OLa键,从而抑制了金红石相的形成,提高了热稳定性,和XRD分析结果一致,掺杂了La的SiO2/TiO2在800℃时金红石相的含量仍然比较低,和120℃时的含量相当;TEM照片显示改性后的TiO2团聚减小,粒度均匀。UV-Vis光谱分析显示La掺杂SiO2/TiO2的光响应范围拓宽至可见光区,其中光吸收红移最大的样品为3.0%La掺杂量的SiO2/TiO2,带隙能(Eg)由原来的2.98 eV降为为2.41 eV。光催化性能实验结果显示当La的摩尔掺杂量为3.0%时,其光催化活性最好,光照20 min,与未掺杂改性的TiO2相比甲基橙的光降解率提高了55.1%;另外,未掺杂TiO2煅烧温度对光催化影响显著,当温度由120℃增加为800℃时,光照25 min的降解率就由69%降为10.7%,而掺La的SiO2/TiO2煅烧温度对其光催化性能影响不大。     

RF-PCVD法制备条件对纳米TiO2微晶的影响

采用高频等离子体化学气相沉积法(RF-PCVD)法,以TiCl4 O2为反应体系,制备出了纳米级的TiO2粉体。TEM、XRD等结果表明,颗粒基本呈球形,粒径小于100 nm。从模拟结果和实验结果可以看出:随着汽化温度升高,停留时间延长,二氧化钛颗粒粒度逐渐增大,同时金红石含量也增加。加入AlCl3晶型转化剂,有助于锐钛相向金红石相转化。     

低温合成TiO2/Fe3O4磁载光催化剂的光催化性能研究

采用化学共沉淀法合成的磁性纳米Fe3O4为磁核,以钛酸四丁酯为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法,在较低温度下合成了TiO2/Fe3O4磁性光催化剂.利用XRD、TEM、SEM-EDX等分析方法对合成催化剂的相组成、形貌、粒度、元素分布等进行了表征;研究了不同焙烧温度及TiO2/Fe3O4比例对降解罗丹明B光催化活性及磁分离回收性能的影响.结果表明,在100、300和450℃焙烧温度下磁性光催化剂的催化活性依次降低,较低温度(100℃)制备的催化剂具备较高的催化活性;当TiO2质量分数处于67.3%～73.0%时,催化剂既具有较高的光催化降解活性也具有较好的磁分离回收性能;光催化剂TiO2/Fe3O4(100℃,TiO2质量分数70%)在循环使用5次后,在降解75 min时仍能达到对罗丹明B 99%的脱色率和90%的回收率.     

工业钛液制备掺杂多孔二氧化钛及其光催化性能研究

以工业钛液为钛源,调节钛液指标和钛液底水体积比,热水解制备出掺杂多孔锐钛型TiO2.采用XRD、粒度分布、等温N2吸附-脱附及XRF等对样品进行表征.不同的钛液底水体积比对合成多孔TiO2的晶体结构、粒径、比表面积和孔道结构等具有较大影响,锐钛相晶型改善、比表面积提高及离子掺杂等有助于其光催化活性的提高.钛液底水体积比...     

Fe2O3粉末表面非均匀成核法包覆

为解决氧化铁红在高温下呈现不稳定性的问题, 采用非均匀成核法使Si（OH）4和Al（OH）3均匀包覆在氧化铁红粉末颗粒表面, 用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜、 Zeta电位测定仪对包覆前后的Fe2O3粉末颗粒进行分析. 结果表明, 通过非均匀成核法可以制备出被SiO2和Al2O3包覆的Fe2O3复合粒子, 其技术的关键是如何控制反应溶液pH值和涂层物质沉淀的反应浓度, 以保持被覆颗粒稳定的悬浮特性.     

水热法合成Sb2O3／TiO2复合光催化剂

采用温和的水热法合成Sb2O3／TiO2纳米颗粒,并利用XRD、TEM对样品的晶型和形貌进行表征;以光催化降解甲基橙反应,研究了Sb2O3／TiO2的光催化性能。结果表明,用Sb2O3复合提高了TiO2的光催化活性,在140℃、水热反应12h的条件下,合成的0．5％Sb2O3／TiO2的光催化活性最佳。     

非均相沉淀法制备铜包覆纳米SiO2复合粉体

采用非均相沉积法,利用Cu^＋的歧化反应,在纳米SiO2表面沉积包覆一层Cu,制备铜包覆纳米SiO2复合粉体,并研究pH值对包覆效果的影响。通过扫描电镜（SEM）、电子能谱仪（EDS）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和透射电镜（TEM）分析复合粉体的形貌、成分和结构。结果表明：Cu包覆纳米SiO2复合颗粒分散均匀,粒径约200nm,粒内均匀分布着纳米SiO2颗粒,且被铜包覆隔离;在反应温度为50℃,pH=2～3条件下利于形成核-壳结构的复合粉体。     

一种原位自生钛镍合金骨架增强钛基复合材料的制备方法

本发明公开了一种原位自生钛镍合金骨架增强钛基复合材料的制备方法,具体工艺如下:(1)将球形钛粉酸洗、清洗后干燥;(2)将镍粉加入到去离子水中清洗后干燥;(3)将经干燥后的球形钛粉与经干燥后的镍粉球磨混匀,得到镍颗粒包覆钛粉;(4)将镍颗粒包覆钛粉进行热压烧结,经冷却后得到原位自生钛镍合金骨架增强钛基复合材料。采用球磨工艺制备镍颗粒包覆钛粉,然后经热压烧结使镍颗粒与钛基粉末发生固溶反应,通过控制热压烧结的升温速率和保温时间控制镍元素向钛基体内部的扩散速率,从而调节钛镍合金的生长尺寸,并在钛合金基体内部形成纳米棒状的钛镍合金骨架,起到强化作用,最终提高钛基复合材料的力学性能。     

Photocatalytic activity of cerium-doped mesoporous TiO2 coated Fe3O4 magnetic composite under UV and visible light

A novel kind of magnetically separable photocatalyst of cerrium-doped mesoporous titanium dioxide coated magnetite (Ce/MTiO2/ Fe3O4) was prepared and its activities under UV and visible light were reported. The catalysts with Ce/MTiO2 shell and Fe3O4 core were pre-pared by coating photoactive Ce/MTiO2 onto a magnetic Fe3O4 core through the hydrolysis of tetrabutyltitanate (Ti(OBu)4, TBT) with pre-cursors of ammonium ceric nitrate and TBT in the presence of Fe3O4 particles. The MTiO2 shell was for photocatalysis, the Fe3O4 core was for separation by the magnetic field and the doped Ce was used to enhance the photocatalytic activity of MTiO2. The morphological, struc-tural and optical properties of the prepared samples were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. The effect of cerrium-doped content on the photocatalytic activity was studied and the result revealed that 0.5 mol.% Ce/MTiO2/Fe3O4 exhibited highest photoactivity. The photocatalytic activities of obtained photocatalysts under UV and visible light were estimated by measuring the degradation rate of methylene blue (MB, 50 mg/L) in an aqueous solution. The results showed that the prepared photocatalyst was activated by visible light and used as effective catalyst in photooxi-dation reactions. In addition, the possibility of cyclic usage of the prepared photocatalyst was also confirmed. Moreover, Ce/MTiO2 was tightly bound to Fe3O4 and could be easily recovered from the medium by an external magnetic filed. So, the photocatalyst can be reused without any mass loss. It can therefore be potentially applied for the treatment of water contaminated by organic pollutants.     

二氧化钛无机表面处理研究进展

对二氧化钛颗粒无机表面处理的作用、过程、方法、理论和影响因素等方面进行了综合评述,阐述了硅、铝、锆包覆二氧化钛的原理,包覆工艺条件及其理论分析,展望了今后二氧化钛无机表面处理的研究方向。     

负载型TiO2/硅藻土复合光催化剂的研究

以四氯化钛为原料采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了负载型TiO2，硅藻土复合光催化剂，并通过XRD，IR，SEM等手段对样品进行了表征。实验中分别以300W高压汞灯和太阳光为光源，研究了硅藻土载体上TiO2负载量不同对甲基橙溶液光催化氧化效果的影响。实验结果表明：复合光催化剂的催化性能随着TiO2负载量增大先提高，而后有所下降，其中以1g硅藻土与1．8ml四氯化钛制备的TiO2，硅藻土复合催化剂光催化活性最高。     

Sol-Gel Preparation of Zn2 SiO4 :Mn Phosphor Layers on Silica Spheres and Their Luminescent Properties

The synthesis and luminescence properties of Zn2 SiO4: Mn phosphor layers on spherical silica spheres, i.e.,a kind of core-shell complex phosphor, Zn2SiO4: Mn@ SiO2 were described.Firstly, monodisperse silica spheres were obtained via the Stober method by the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane(TEOS) Si ( OC2H5 ) 4 under base condition ( using NH4 OH as the catalyst).Secondly, the silica spheres were coated with a Zn2 SiO4: Mn phosphor layer by a Pechini solgel process.X-ray diffraction ( XRD), scanning electron microscope ( SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum ( EDS )and photoluminescence (PL) were employed to characterize the resulting complex phosphor.The results confirm that1000 ℃ annealed sample consists of crystalline Zn2SiO4: Mn shells and amorphous SiO2 cores.The phosphor show the green emission of Mn2 at 521 nm corresponding 4T1 (4G) - 6 A1 (6S) transition, and the possible luminescence mechanism is proposed.     

Enhanced Photoactivity of Layered Nanocomposite Materials Containing Rare Earths, Titanium Dioxide and Clay

The nanocomposite materials containing rare earths, titanium dioxide and clay (RE/TiO2/Clay) were characterized and tested for the photocatalytic decomposition of formaldehyde. The results show that nanocomposite materials prepared by doping appropriate rare earth elements have better photocatalytic properties than that prepared by doping excessive rare earth elements. The photocatalytic mechanism of composite materials was studied by integrating the theory of photocatalysis with experiment results. Because the site of photocatalytic reaction was limited in the interspace of clay, photocatalytic reaction occurred by two steps: firstly, organic molecules dispersed into the interlayers of clay; secondly, organic molecules and photocatalyst of RE/TiO2 occurred photocatalytic reaction, resulting in forming carbon dioxide.     

Synthesis of Ti-Ce-Si Binary and Ternary Nanocomposite Photocatalyst by Supercritical Fluid Drying Technology

Recently,photodegratation of various organiccontaminants with powdered semiconductors as cata-lysts has received much attention for their potential inthe utilization of light energy.TiO2is one of the mostwidely used photocatalysts due toits relatively nontox-ic,high activity,strong oxidizing property,and excel-lent stability.However,some weaknesses such as poormechanic strength,compressive strength and thermalstability have li mited its industrial applications.Therefore,it is necessary to i mp…     

卤族元素掺杂改性TiO_2光催化剂研究进展

廉价、环境友好、高稳定性并具有可见光光催化活性的光催化剂将是光催化发展进一步走向实用化的关键。卤素掺杂TiO2是具有可见光光催化活性的光催化剂,经卤素掺杂可以使TiO2的禁带宽度减小,从而使TiO2的吸收边红移。对TiO2的氟、氯、溴、碘掺杂的国内外研究现状进行了系统评述,分析了提高TiO2可见光活性的原因,指出经卤族元素掺杂,TiO2在保持紫外区光催化活性的前提下,大大增加了其可见光响应能力,且有益于具有光催化活性晶相TiO2的形成。     

低品位天然金红石选矿提质新工艺研究

对国内某企业副产低品位天然金红石进行了矿物学分析及分选试验研究。矿石中金红石与钛铁矿均有回收利用价值,矿石中含锆英石和铬铁矿,脉石矿物主要有高岭石、石英、橄榄石、长石等。大多数的金红石和钛铁矿都是以完全单体解离的方式存在,分别占到总颗粒数的86.20%和81.63%,未解离部分多数呈相互共生关系,少部分嵌布于脉石矿物粒间或裂隙中。针对该矿石性质,试验采用强磁-反浮选原则流程,使用NaF为活化剂,淀粉为抑制剂,某选矿药剂公司生产的活化CA12药剂为捕收剂,调整体系pH为3~4,最终得到产率为49.95%、TiO2为88.17%、ZrO2为0.95%、SiO2为1.32%的金红石精矿和产率为43.59%、TiO2为48.15%、ZrO2为0.24%、SiO2为4.21%的钛铁精矿。     

高炉瓦斯灰基础性能与磁化焙烧试验

对高炉瓦斯灰的基础性能（粒度分布、化学组成、物相组成）进行研究,在此基础上,对瓦斯灰进行磁化焙烧-弱磁选工艺试验研究。研究表明,瓦斯灰按粒度分组的化学组成不均匀,碳主要集中于较大的颗粒中,铁和锌主要集中于较小的颗粒中; 3号、6号高炉瓦斯灰主要由Fe2O3、Fe3O4、SiO2和FeZn13组成,5号高炉瓦斯灰主要由Fe2O3、Fe3O4、SiO2和CaZn(Si2O6)组成;瓦斯灰磁化焙烧-弱磁选工艺的最佳试验条件为：焙烧温度为750℃,焙烧保温时间为60min,磁选激磁电流为0.4A。利用该工艺,磁选后的瓦斯灰铁品位达57.9%,锌质量分数为0.25%,回收率达67%。     

钛白粉无机表面处理工艺及影响因素简述

论述了钛白粉无机表面处理的过程工艺,重点讨论了二氧化钛浆料分散状态、pH值、中和沉淀动力学因素、熟化时间等对无机包膜质量的影响,外延了无机表面处理与产品质量影响关系。