浅析中小型软件企业如何运用CMM进行过程改进

对我国中小型软件企业而言,引入能力成熟度模型CMM改进软件过程是保证软件产品质量的关键,是适应市场激烈竞争的需求。通过分析软件企业运用CMM进行过程改进的必要性,对运用CMM改进软件过程的关键步骤做了研究,提出了我国中小型软件企业运用CMM进行过程改进的解决方案。     

基于MDA技术的软件过程改进研究

模型驱动架构（MDA）是OMG提出的基于模型驱动（MD）思想的新的方法学。文中在分析和总结中小型软件企业运用MDA技术进行软件开发的基础上，结合软件过程改进的实践经验，提出了基于MDA技术的中小型软件企业过程改进模型。该模型为中小型企业采用MDA技术进行软件开发提出了相应的过程改进模型。企业还可以根据自身的情况对该模型进行裁剪，以便使该模型更加贴近企业的需要。     

在软件企业中实施小组软件过程

软件企业在追求改进产品交付质量、降低软件开发成本、提高组织生产效率的三大商业目标时,已经认识到不断改进和完善自身软件过程、增强过程能力、实现成熟软件过程的必要性和迫切性。在此过程中,所面临的首要问题是如何根据企业自身情况建立或整理出一套良好的软件过程,并对此加以明确定义。该文结合所在项目组进行的小组软件过程实践,对TSP实施过程中可能遇到的一些共性问题进行了深入的分析,并提出相应的解决方案以及具体的实施策略和主要步骤。     

基于CMM IDEAL模型的中小型企业软件过程改进的方法探究

当前国内中小型软件企业面临的一个重大问题是如何提高软件质量。目前,通过实施CMM来改进软件过程．是提高软件质量的一个有效途径。首先探讨了CMM过程改进的适用范围。基于SEI提出的用于组织过程改进的IDEAL模型。通过对当前国内中小型企业所面临的一些问题的分析,提出了一种适用于国内中小型软件企业的过程改进方法。为企业实施软件过程改进提供了参考思路。     

软件过程改进与软件过程支撑工具研究

软件过程改进近年来受到了越来越广泛的重视,该文对软件过程改进所涉及的相关知识进行了详细而深入的介绍,并针对我国软件企业的开发现状论述了它们在实施软件过程改进中应该重点把握的几个方面。最后展望了软件过程改进的前景。     

中小软件企业软件过程管理与改进策略

针对我国中小软件企业的软件过程现状,从改进对象、过程模型、开发个体、自评估、辅助工具等方面提出了几点策略,并提出了中小软件企业软件过程管理与评估系统的简要设计思路,旨在为我国中小软件企业的软件过程管理与改进工作提供建议。     

基于PSP/TSP的软件过程改进框架

提出在现有的辅助软件过程改进的支撑工具中加入个人级和团队级的软件过程管理及改进的方法,即提出基于PSP/TSP的软件过程改进框架,以期在软件组织中进一步完善软件过程改进作用。在个体过程方面,实现了个体过程计划制定、过程度量数据采集、过程数据分析和估算等功能;同时在团队过程方面,实现了量化的项目进度控制和质量控制。     

中小型软件企业的软件过程改进研究

以CMMI理论和其它软件工程理论为基础,探讨一种面向国内软件企业的软件过程改进方法,提出了一个基于CMMI的软件过程改进框架。以帮助企业提高软件过程改进能力。     

软件企业实施CMM改进软件过程的研究

CMM（能力成熟度模型）是当前软件行业的重要技术,研究和实施CMM认证,有助于软件企业提高生产率。对IT界公认的软件过程改进标准CMM进行了介绍,包括其发展、内容和运用;分析了我国软件企业的现状,以及实施CMM进行软件过程改进所面临的问题;提出了中小企业改进软件过程、提高软件质量、规避软件风险的笨略。     

基于CMM的软件过程改进的实用框架研究

在扼要论述了CMM的背景与发展现状后，描述了软件过程改进的实用框架，AA框架，并阐明AA框架对国内软件企业进行软件过程改进的意义。     

软件过程改进中项目计划与跟踪的实例研究

项目的计划与跟踪是软件过程管理与改进活动中应该首先着手的方面。成熟的软件开发组织能够通过有效的软件项目计划与跟踪实现对项目的策划与监控。文章立足小组软件过程,以实际项目为背景,着重介绍了以项目计划和跟踪为主的软件过程改进实施活动。在此基础上,分析了相关项目的计划与跟踪数据,研究总结了实施中遇到的问题和经验,并提出了进一步完善的措施及相关支持工具的研制。     

Product Focused Software Process Improvement: Concepts and Experiences from Industry

Management problems in the development of software have been addressed over the last years by a strong focus on the improvement of the development processes. Software process improvement (SPI) activities are characterized by an internal focus on a software development department and its procedures. However, the quality of the product is hardly addressed in software process improvement programs. This paper presents the application of a model for product focused SPI (P-SPI) and describes experiences with this model in practice. The main conclusions are that P-SPI puts products to be developed in a central position in improvement programs, results in fulfilling specific quality goals of a company and project, and industrial experiments show interesting benefits. Applying the approach in industrial projects showed that P-SPI is relatively cheap and gives fast results and high benefits.     

Understanding the implementation of software process improvement innovations in software organizations

Abstract. The development of software is a complex task frequently resulting in unfinished projects, project overruns and system failures. Software process improvement (SPI) approaches have been promoted as a promising remedy for this situation. The organizational implementation of such approaches is a crucial issue and attempts to introduce SPI into software organizations often fail. This paper presents a framework to understand, and subsequently successfully perform, the implementation of SPI innovations in software organizations. The framework consists of three perspectives on innovation: an individualist, a structuralist and an interactive process perspective. Applied to SPI, they emphasize different aspects of implementing SPI innovations. While the first focuses on leadership, champions and change agents, the second focuses on organization size, departmental and task differentiation and complexity, and the third perspective views the contents of the innovation, the social context and process of the implementation as related in an interactive process. We demonstrate the framework's applicability through two cases. We show that the three perspectives supplement each other and together provide a deeper understanding of the implementation process. Such understanding is crucial for the successful uptake of SPI approaches in software organizations.     

SPI Models: What Characteristics are Required for Small Software Development Companies?

There is a need for small indigenous software companies to improve their software process. Consequently, much has been written highlighting the deficiencies in the more popular Software Process Improvement (SPI) models where the small company is concerned. However, there has been little discussion about the characteristics that should be included in SPI models to make them useful for the small company. In this paper, the author proposes an SPI model for use in small software development companies. The eight characteristics that were required to exist in the model are examined and reasons for their successful inclusion presented.     

第三方软件项目咨询的作用与实践

通过对中小软件企业在项目过程中存在的问题分析,提出了引入第三方软件项目咨询的解决方案。以具体软件项目咨询实践为例,结合软件工程与项目管理方法论,论述了软件项目咨询为提高中小软件企业的项目实效所发挥的作用。     

Software Process Improvement Motivators: An Analysis using Multidimensional Scaling

In this paper we present an analysis of software practitioners' motivations for software process improvement (SPI). Our findings are based on an empirical study of SPI in 13 software companies where we conducted focus groups with nearly 200 software practitioners. Our aim is to better understand how companies can maximise practitioner support for SPI. This insight should help SPI managers establish more effective SPI implementation strategies. In this paper we introduce the use of multidimensional scaling (MDS) in SPI research. MDS is a social science data analysis technique designed to generate a rich visual understanding of human issues. By using MDS we found evidence to suggest distinct clusters of punitive and rewarding SPI motivators. Furthermore our analysis also suggests that different clusters of motivations exist for different staff groups.     

Modelling the Likelihood of Software Process Improvement: An Exploratory Study

Software process assessments have become big business worldwide. They can be a powerful tool for initiating and sustaining software process improvement (SPI). However, SPI programs sometimes fail. Moreover there still are very few systematic empirical investigations about the conditions under which SPI initiatives vary in their outcomes. In this paper we present the results of a study of factors that influence the success of SPI. The data come from a sample survey of organizations that have performed assessments based on the capability maturity model for software, and was conducted from 1 to 3 years after the assessments (sufficient time had passed for changes to have taken place). The results consist of a multivariate model of the conditions (e.g., how the improvement efforts are organized and funded) that can explain the successes and failures of SPI efforts. The model is constructed using a classification tree algorithm. It identifies the most important factors that affect the outcome of SPI efforts, and describes how those factors interact with each other to influence success or failure.     

基于CMM的软件过程改进实践

CMM是一种软件生产过程标准和软件企业成熟度评估标准,该标准侧重于软件开发过程的管理及工程能力的提高与评估。基于CMM理论在软件过程改进中的应用,针对软件开发过程中存在的问题,采用CMM2级项目级实践,实现4个关键过程域：需求管理、软件项目计划、软件项目跟踪和监督、软件质量保证,制定出符合项目需求和管理的规范与过程,将CMM理论应用于软件开发过程中,对项目各个环节的工作进行改进,取得良好的过程改进效果,并从中总结基于CMM模型进行过程改进的经验。     

Ami: promoting a quantitative approach to software management

In this paper we first review the state of the art in software measurement. We then explain how measurement should be used in a goal-oriented manner in project management and describe the ami (application of metrics in industry) approach to achieving this. Finally we consider the ami project as an example of successful technology transfer and look at the variety of tactics used for dissemination of the approach in response to the needs of today's growing software measurement community.     

Experiences in the Application of Software Process Improvement in SMES

During the last few years, many Software Process Improvement methods (SPI) have been presented to increase the quality of products and services provided by a software organization. Current Software Process Improvement (SPI) methods (i.e. ISO 15504, CBA-IPI,...), are difficult to apply to Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMES) due to the costs (financial, time, and resource) associated with their application. Also, these methods are principally focused on the assessment stage. This paper presents a new SPI method, called MESOPYME, which main focus is to reduce effort and time on the SPI implementation. This method focuses on the improvement implementation stage, which is based on a concept called Action Package, whose components are described (in Section 2.1.). The results obtained in the application of a Requirements Engineering Action Package in three organizations are also presented.