制造过程精准作业控制仿真关键技术研究

通过看板管理,可消除生产过程的不合理库存,张紧生产中各环节,大幅度提高生产效率,实现制造过程精准作业控制.以生产看板为切入点,构造了制造过程的精准作业控制仿真体系;在该体系约束下,以Flexsim为仿真平台,生成了与真实车间布局和工艺流程相一致的制造系统仿真环境;以C++为开发语言,开发了看板生成关键程序,确保生产指令...     

基于Web的零件库系统关键技术的研究与实现

基于Web的零件库系统对建立基于Web的供应链管理系统和实现网络化制造都具有十分重要的意义。本文对基于Web的零件库系统的关键技术进行了研究 ,包括网络环境下零件库信息的共享、异构CAD系统零件几何模型的中性表达以及零件几何模型的可视化等 ,并给出了具体的解决方案 ,实现了基于Web的零件库信息的共享。     

Information requirements analysis for holonic manufacturing systems in a virtual environment

The design and development of holonic manufacturing systems requires careful, and sometimes risky, decision making to ensure that they will successfully satisfy the demands of an ever-changing market. In this paper, the authors propose a methodology for a holonic manufacturing systems requirement analysis that is based on a virtual reality approach and aimed at assisting designers of such systems along the entire systems design and development process. Exploiting virtual reality helps the user collect valid information quickly and in a correct form by putting the user and the information support elements in direct relation with the operation of the system in a more realistic environment. A prototype software system tool is designed to realise the features outlined in each phase of the methodology. A virtual manufacturing environment for matching the physical and the information model domains is utilised to delineate the information system requirements of holonic manufacturing systems implementation. A set of rules and a knowledge base is appended to the virtual environment to remove any inconsistency that could arise between the material and the information flows during the requirement analysis.     

A component-based product data management system

Companies today have been attempting to expand their Internet infrastructures to cope with the growth of global business environments. In modern manufacturing industries, they are migrating their legacy product data management (PDM) systems to Web-based systems (being an essential tool of eManufacturing) to use the Internet. Accordingly, recent advances in PDM technology have dealt with the use of Web-based technology. Some research and development on Web-based PDM systems has been described in the literature, but those efforts have technical limits. They are not adequately available, secure, reliable, and scalable for global enterprise services. This paper describes the design of a component-based product data management (CPDM) system for supporting global manufacturing. The CPDM system is aimed at assuring flexibility, security, stability, and maintainability by utilizing a standard architecture of J2EE technology. The CPDM system consists of three tiers based on the J2EE architecture. The first is the presentation tier implemented as JSP/servlet components to allow users to access the system through a Web browser. The second is the business logic tier, which is implemented as Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) components to handle the core PDM functionality. The third level is the data tier, composed of a database and vault for the physical files. To develop the components of the CPDM system, a component-based development (CBD) approach is proposed. The associated component development procedure is illustrated with examples. The CPDM system is also tested for its performance.     

Integrated Modeling Framework for Manufacturing Systems: A Unified Representation of the Physical Process and Information System

The task of process modeling in a manufacturing environment centers around controlling and improving the flow of materials. This flow comprises a complicated web of control and physical systems. Despite a variety of manufacturing system modeling approaches, more rigorous process modeling is required. This paper presents an integrated modeling framework for manufacturing systems (IMF-M). Conceptual modeling of physical materials flow supported by a graphical representation facilitates improvement of operations in manufacturing environments. A declarative and executable representation of control information systems helps to improve information management by managing a variety of information models with improved readability and reusability. A unified representation of the physical process and information system provides a common modeling milieu in which efforts can be coordinated among several groups working in the different domains of scheduling, shop floor and logistics control, and information system. Since the framework helps adapt to the changes of the physical process and information system affecting each other in a consistent manner, the modeling output enhances integration of the manufacturing system.     

激光跟踪伺服系统设计与误差分析

三维伺服机构在柔性坐标测量系统中占有极重要的地位，在分析了其它激光跟踪机构的基础上，提出了一种匠独立式三维跟踪机构，详细论述了它的工作原理，同时也对伺服机构的加工误差，安装误差，伺服电路控制误差等进行了分析，实验证明了伺服转镜机构工作性能可靠，测量误差小，结构简单，容易控制。     

一种生产物流电子看板系统的设计

研究设计了一种面向生产过程中零部件供应管理的电子看板系统，介绍了该系统的功能、组成，操作流程和操作软件。     

Gird manufacturing: a new solution for cross-enterprise collaboration

Industry has put forward demands on cross enterprises collaboration including various resources sharing. In order to meet these demands, much has been done to realize cross-border collaboration. However, after analyzing the unique features of manufacturing resources and the limits of existing technologies like Internet, EC, ASP and Web-based design/manufacturing, which adopt many new Web technologies like Web mark-up languages, Web-based client–server programming tools and distributed object modeling methods, it is concluded that all these technologies could not meet industrial demands on dynamic sharing of various resources. Therefore grid manufacturing is put forward to meet these demands. According to the features of resources to be shared and the technologies to be used, grid manufacturing distinguishes itself from Web-based manufacturing by providing the transient services and by achieving the interoperability. The differences and relationship between grid manufacturing and grid computing are yielded. At last, a Web service-based architecture of grid manufacturing is proposed and the related technologies are summarized.     

Design of a stable controller for accurate path tracking of automated guided vehicles systems

This paper deals with the path tracking and stability of motion of automated guided vehicle systems and wheeled mobile robots. A two degree-of-freedom dynamic model is developed to represent the plane motion of the vehicle. This model along with the instantaneous posture errors (position and orientation errors) of the vehicle are used to formulate their path-tracking problem in state space format. Implementation of stability criterion and application of the actual physical limits of the pertinent parameters of the system are the strategies used to design the controller. It is shown that implementation of a control strategy based on the vehicles’ position and orientation errors gives satisfactory results in vehicles’ path tracking. The feasibility of the approach and the performance of the controlled system are demonstrated by using a prototype vehicle.     

基于Web的数控编程系统的研究

数控编程系统是产品设计，产品工艺设计与制造过程中一个承上启下的重要环节。一方面，它接受来自CAD领域有关产品的几何信息和来自CAPP领域有关产品的加工工艺信息，并自动生成数控加工用的刀具位置信息；另一方面，它要与CNC系统集成，向其输出机床控制指令，所以研究和开发适用于网络环境下的数控编程系统是实施网络化制造的一项关键使能技术。本文对基于Web的数控自动编程系统所涉及的关键技术、体系结构和实现方法进行了研究，在此基础上建立了一个原型系统。最后，介绍了该项技术在所开发的基于Web的RR－CAPP原型系统中的应用。     

Manufacturing e-quality through integrated web-enabled computer vision and robotics

This paper investigates the development of a Web-based quality control system with the use of Internet-based computer machine vision. Such a system allows designers located far from the production facility to monitor, control, and program the quality inspection process as the product design evolves. Quality control tasks are performed and monitored remotely through the Web where Internet-based machine vision sensors inspect part dimensions and tolerance while Internet-enabled robots perform the necessary robotic operations. The remote quality monitoring system—which lets the user monitor the part status including data, image, and video through the Internet—is built using Java. The use of Java allows for interconnection and data transfer between the different components of the Web-based quality system and the robots. The ability to access and control quality control devices via the Web benefits the current manufacturing environment in the following ways: ubiquitous access to the production floor, remote control/programming/monitoring capability, and integration of production equipment into information networks for improving efficiency and product quality.     

双轴式太阳跟踪装置控制系统的研究

介绍了双轴式太阳跟踪装置控制系统的原理及特点,设计了基于位置敏感探测器(PSD)的太阳跟踪器,实现对太阳的自动跟踪。控制系统同时采用太阳运动轨迹跟踪方法和传感器跟踪方法来完成1次跟踪,与以往2种模式相切换的控制系统相比,此系统的可靠性更好、跟踪精度更高、制造和运行成本低、性价比高,有广阔的应用前景。     

Web环境下工业自动化信息交互平台

为了解决工业自动化信息系统中工业组态软件的Web功能受到制约等问题,提出了B/S模式下基于Web的工业自动化信息交互平台的设计方案,建立了系统的体系架构,并以ASP.Net Framework作为开发工具,设计了船舶动力装置的虚拟操作训练系统.采用图片动画技术和ActiveX控件技术相结合的方法实现了网页上自动化信息系统的动态逻辑功能;同时提出了解决大型自动化信息系统的多人协同开发问题的方法,即任务模块化、先单机设计后采用统一Web转换代码的模式.以该方案设计的船舶动力装置的虚拟操作系统已经投入运行.应用结果表明,基于该方案设计的工业自动化信息交互平台充分利用了Internet,提高了系统远程交互的能力,具有良好的交互性、维护性和可扩展性,解决了信息系统应用中时间和空间限制的问题.     

A system for the design and manufacture of feature-based parts through the Internet

The Internet has enabled the development of applications for supporting the design and manufacturing of industrial parts and products. Some actions have been performed by some research groups in different parts of the world aiming at conceiving product modeling systems based on the technology of features to allow information sharing, both for the activities related to product development and for manufacturing. This paper describes the implementation of the WebMachining system () developed in a context of e-Mfg and concurrent engineering, aimed at integrating CAD/CAPP/CAM for the remote manufacturing of feature-based cylindrical parts with symmetrical and asymmetrical features through the Internet, using an approach based on multi-agent systems. The information referring to the features is manipulated through a relational database management system. The graphic user interface (GUI) is implemented in Java and HTML. In this GUI, the user inputs the information on the design features that compose the part. Then these data are sent to the server. Since the part is cylindrical, the user models the part in two dimensions, and it can be visualized as three-dimensional through VRML. A database was implemented that stores the information on the product modeled by features, containing information associated with the form features, material features, tolerance features and technological features. These combined pieces of information allow the mapping of design features into machining features, which is fundamental for process planning. The database information is described in this article through the IDEF1X information model.     

基于AHP的看板系统绩效研究

为了使企业管理者得到满意的看板绩效,对看板系统进行了探讨。应用层次分析法的思想建立了看板绩效系统层次模型,并应用物流仿真软件Witness对实证中的看板系统进行仿真研究。结果表明,根据看板绩效系统的结果确定看板系统参数的选择方案,就可以使企业管理者得到满意的绩效指标。     

基于AHP的看板系统绩效研究

为了使企业管理者得到满意两看板绩效,对看板系统进行了探讨。应用层次分析法的思想建立了看板绩效系统层次模型,手应用物流仿真软件Witness对实证中的看板系统进行仿真研究。结果表明,根据看板绩效系统的结果确定看板系统参数的选择方案,就可以使企业管理者得到满意的绩效指标。     

Robust iterative learning contouring controller with disturbance observer for machine tool feed drives

In feed drive systems, particularly machine tools, a contour error is more significant than the individual axial tracking errors from the view point of enhancing precision in manufacturing and production systems. The contour error must be within the permissible tolerance of given products. In machining complex or sharp-corner products, large contour errors occur mainly owing to discontinuous trajectories and the existence of nonlinear uncertainties. Therefore, it is indispensable to design robust controllers that can enhance the tracking ability of feed drive systems. In this study, an iterative learning contouring controller consisting of a classical Proportional-Derivative (PD) controller and disturbance observer is proposed. The proposed controller was evaluated experimentally by using a typical sharp-corner trajectory, and its performance was compared with that of conventional controllers. The results revealed that the maximum contour error can be reduced by about 37% on average.     

基于星载光电成像跟踪测距的空间目标定轨

以获得空间未知目标的轨迹运动信息为目的,研究了一种基于星载光电成像跟踪测距方式的空间目标定轨技术。该技术从测量学角度出发,利用星载光学测量系统获得目标的相对运动信息,利用角度传感测量系统获得卫星的姿态角变化和跟踪架的角随动信息,最后通过坐标变换解算出目标在地球惯性坐标系中的绝对运动信息。文中依次从物理模型、坐标体系、基本原理等方面对该项技术进行了描述和推导,获得了目标在地球坐标系下的状态方程和观测方程。最后,在对天基监视卫星轨道模型、星载光电跟踪控制模型、目标特性及光学成像测距模型进行分析后,建立了具体的数学模型,并对计算结果进行了分析讨论。得到的结果显示理想模型的目标轨迹测量精度优于0.5km。     

基于Web的集成化信息系统研究

在实践的基础上率先提出了基于Web的集成化信息系统的概念,分析了系统组成,构建了系统的体系结构,并从企业应用的角度将其划分为Web基知识管理系统、Web基全球商务系统及Web基全球制造系统三大应用系统,最后阐述了提出基于Web的集成化信息系统的重要理论及实践意义。     

面向现代制造信息支持系统的体系结构

在分析现代制造系统新特点的基础上,提出由过程管理与控制、信息模型与接口、系统结构３部分组成的面向现代制造的信息支持系统,说明该系统是一个信息使能系统,它针对工程应用中不同规模和应用系统范围,可以动态地配置组成与需求相适应的信息系统,在过程管理与控制下,管理制造系统内的信息活动,合理组织信息,使不同应用系统之间、应用活动与其信息之间,实现相辅相成的数据动态性交换与共享。