共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 453 毫秒
1.
2.
根据桥梁和水体相交的空间关系,提出一种面向对象的高分辨率遥感影像桥梁提取方法,首先利用面向对象的影像分析方法对IKONOS全色影像进行河流、陆地分类;然后将陆地提取为一个矢量图层,同时对分类后的影像进行二值化处理,分成河流和陆地两部分,再经数学形态学处理,获得连通的河流对象,并提取河流为一个矢量图层;最后通过河流与陆地求交的空间运算获得桥梁。实验结果表明,这种方法简单、运算量小、效率高,在从高分辨率遥感影像提取桥梁的实践中具有广泛的适用性。 相似文献
3.
应用阈值法对遥感图像上的水体目标进行提取时,水陆分割阈值的确定是其难点。以MODIS地表反射率数据为数据源,首先统计大量MODIS地表反射率影像第6波段的水陆分割阈值的范围作为先验阈值范围;然后将历史存档的研究区水体边界矢量叠加到图像上,并且将矢量边界向外扩大一倍,使得扩大后的范围内的水体和陆地面积相当;最后统计扩大后区域的第6波段的灰度直方图,并寻找先验阈值范围内的最小值作为最佳的水陆分割阈值进行水体提取。克服了统计直方图双峰谷值作为分割阈值的传统方法容易受到地物复杂性及噪声影响的难题,使得水陆分割阈值的确定变得更加简单、高效,实现了针对遥感影像上水体目标的自动提取,大大提高了水体提取的效率。 相似文献
4.
5.
以国产“高分一号”2m/8m高空间分辨率遥感图像为数据源,使用基于规则的面向对象的方法实现了对高分辨率影像中桥梁目标的精确提取。首先,经过多尺度分割实验并结合下垫面特征选择最优分割尺度;其次,利用水体指数、阈值函数等方法建立规则集,逐步获取水体和桥梁潜在区的矢量文件;最后,通过二值化、数学形态学处理、叠加分析等方法成功提取桥梁目标。实验结果表明,该方法可以准确、高效地提取出桥梁信息,总体精度在90%以上,Kappa系数在85%以上,在高分辨率遥感影像高精度提取桥梁的实践中具有广泛的适用性,该研究成果或对国产高分影像处理系统的研究与应用提供了一定的科学参考。 相似文献
6.
卫星云图中人们感兴趣的区域(ROI)往往是各类云团,针对卫星云图内容的复杂性,利用直方图模糊加权C均值聚类方法实现云图的图像分割,对分割结果进行后处理,最终获取云图内的感兴趣区域。常规聚类方法需要人工指定类个数,影响了ROI提取过程的自动化程度。引入修正聚类评价指标,基于该指标实现最佳类别个数的自动确定。云图分割是感兴趣区域提取过程的关键,采用的直方图模糊加权C均值聚类方法在原有算法基础上,引入样本权重概念,使得聚类过程更为合理;同时将聚类对象由原始像素转换为灰度直方图,提高了聚类过程执行效率。实验结果表明设计的感兴趣区域提取方法能较为准确地分辨出陆地、水体、低云、中云、卷云、对流云六类区域,提取结果与客观实际一致。 相似文献
7.
面向对象的分析方法是一种有效的高分辨率遥感影像处理技术,提出一种基于图像对象的水上桥梁识别方法。首先采用区域生长方法对影像进行分割,以分割后产生的图像对象为基本处理单元进行分类,提取出水体类别。然后在分析桥梁目标特征的基础上,利用图像对象的形状特征,以及桥梁和水体的上下文关系特征,提取影像中的桥梁目标。最后以实验验证了所提出方法的有效性。 相似文献
8.
9.
遥感影像的水库水体信息提取对水库面积变化监测有很大的帮助,因此,提出一种基于遗传算法和改进Otsu算法的水体提取方法。对处理后的遥感影像使用NDWI (normalized difference water index)水体指数法进行初始的水体提取,由于传统的Otsu算法对直方图呈现双峰分布的图像提取效果不佳,利用遗传算法对最大类间方差公式进行双阈值计算,引入滑动窗口对图像进行阈值判断;使用自适应阈值算法进行局部阈值分割。通过对石梁河水库和小塔山水库的实验,表明该方法能够准确提取出水库的水体信息,误提取和漏提取现象得到了很大的改善。 相似文献
10.
11.
J. Luo W. Liu Z. Shen M. Wang H. Sheng 《International journal of remote sensing》2013,34(16):3633-3648
Compared to remote sensing images of medium or low spatial resolution, high‐resolution remote sensing images can provide observation data containing more detailed information for georesearch. Accordingly, an important issue for current computer and geoscience experts is to develop useful methods or technology to extract information from these high‐resolution satellite images. As part of a series of research into object extraction, this paper focuses mainly on the extraction of bridges over water from high‐resolution panchromatic satellite images. Since bridges over water are obviously adjacent to water in remote sensing images, this paper proposes a practical knowledge‐based bridge extraction method for remote sensing images of high spatial resolution. The steps involved are: water extraction based on Gauss Markov Random Field (GMRF)‐Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification methods which use a SVM to classify the image based on textural features expressed by a GMRF; image thinning and removal of fragmented lines; main trunk detection by width; vectorization; and feature expression. Finally, tests are described for two pieces of panchromatic IKONOS satellite images with a 1 m resolution. The experimental results show that the proposed method is suitable for images with a single‐peak histogram (contrast between water and land is sharp) or a multi‐peak histogram (greyscale value of water is close to that of land). 相似文献
12.
利用卫星遥感技术对大中型桥梁进行识别定位,在民用上和军事上都具有很重要的意义。本研究提出了一套利用基元对象关系特征提取高分辨率卫星影像中水上桥梁的技术方法。首先利用多尺度分割算法对高分辨率卫星影像进行分割,利用水体指数或GLCM同质性纹理特征区分河水和陆地;其次,利用对象形状特征和相邻的关系特征提取桥梁潜在区;将河流片段和桥梁潜在区专题二值化,利用数学形态学算子实现河流水面的连续化;最后利用叠加分析的方法获得最终的桥梁目标。本方法充分利用了桥梁与河流相邻和相交的空间关系特征,利用QuickBird和IKONOS高分辨率卫星影像进行实验,证明所提出的方法可以高精度的实现大中型水上桥梁的识别定位。 相似文献
13.
多尺度植被信息提取模型研究* 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对遥感影像中植被信息的波谱特征,提出了整体—局部植被信息多尺度迭代转换提取模型。首先在基于植被指数的基础上对影像进行分割,并通过样本的自动选择,对影像进行大尺度分类;然后对分类结果进行缓冲区分析,建立局部区域对象,再进行小尺度的局部分割与分类;最后通过迭代,重复整体—局部的过程,使得植被与非植被信息的边界得到最优化分离,从而提高了植被信息提取的精度。选取江汉平原地区的LANDSAT ETM+影像进行实验,并与常规方法得到的结果进行了对比,实验证明,多尺度迭代提取方法可以有效地提高植被信息提取的精度。 相似文献
14.
15.
Land cover classification based on remote sensing is an important means to analyze the change and spatial pattern of land use.In order to further improve the classification accuracy,this paper proposed a hierarchical classification and iterative CART model based method for remote sensing classification of landcover.Firstly,the extraction order of land cover classes was determined based on the class separability evaluation,which was water,vegetation,bare soil and built-up land.Secondly,we selected the optimal image segmentation parameters and a set of sensitive features for each class during the hierarchical classification process.Finally,object-based training samples were selected to be fed into the iterative CART algorithm for the successive extraction of the first three classes,with the remaining unclassified objects being directly assigned to the last class.Results demonstrated that the proposed method can significantly reduce the mixture between bare soil and built-up land,and is capable of achieving landcover classification with much higher accuracy.The proposed method achieved an overall accuracy of 85.76% and a Kappa efficient of 0.72,with the performance improvements ranging from 10.67% to 16.5% and 0.15 to 0.21 as compared SVM and CART single classification methods.The classification accuracy of a specific class can be flexibly adjusted using this method,giving different purposes of classification.This method can also be easily extended to other districts and disciplines involving remote sensing image classification. 相似文献
16.
A simple automated dynamic threshold extraction method for the classification of large water bodies from landsat-8 OLI water index images 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Fangfang Zhang Bing Zhang Qian Shen Huping Ye Shenglei Wang 《International journal of remote sensing》2018,39(11):3429-3451
Traditional manual methods of extracting water bodies from remote sensing images cannot satisfy the requirements for mass processing of remote sensing data, and new automated methods are complicated and require a large amount of auxiliary data. The histogram bimodal method is a frequently used objective tool for threshold selection in image segmentation. However, automatically calculating the threshold is difficult because of complex surfaces and image noise, which lead to imperfect twin peaks. To overcome these difficulties, we developed an operational automated water extraction method. This method does not require the identification of twin histogram peaks but instead seeks minimum values in the threshold range to achieve an automated dynamic threshold. We calibrated the method for 18 lakes in China using Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager images, for which the relative error (RE) and coefficient of determination (R2) for threshold accuracy were 2.1% and 0.96, respectively. The RE of area accuracy was 0.59%. The advantages of the method lie in its simplicity and minimal requirements for auxiliary data while still achieving an accuracy comparable to that of other automatic water extraction methods. It can be applied to mass remote sensing data to calculate water thresholds and automatically extract large water bodies. 相似文献
17.
徐涵秋 《中国图象图形学报》2005,10(2):223-229,F006
通过压缩数据维的方式,研究城市建筑用地信息准确提取的原理和方法。通过对城市土地利用类型的分析,选取了归一化差异建筑指数、修正归一化差异水体指数和土壤调节植被指数来代表城市建成区的3种最主要地类——建筑用地、水体和植被。通过将ETM 影像原有的7个波段压缩为由它们衍生的这3个采用比值运算构成的指数波段,大大压缩了数据维数、减少了数据的相关度并降低了不同地类的光谱混淆性。因此采用简单的最大似然分类和掩膜处理技术,就可以将城市建筑用地信息提取出来,其精度可达91.2%。 相似文献