无源探测中的直达波提纯

在多径杂波中提纯直达波信号是无源探测系统的一项关键技术。通常采用恒模盲均衡算法来提纯被多径杂波污染的直达波信号。本文进一步改进了原始的恒模盲均衡算法,提高了算法的收敛速度,获得了更好的提纯效果。实验结果表明,改进的方法能较好地提纯被多径杂波污染的直达波信号,更具优越性。     

基于二维恒模算法的直达波提纯技术

为了有效提取被多径杂波污染的直达波信号,采用了二维恒模盲均衡算法。该算法采用多天线多通道接收直达波信号,并综合利用接收信号的空域和时域信息。进一步采用变步长方法提高了算法的收敛速度,获得了较好的提纯效果。实验结果表明,改进的方法能较好地提纯被多径杂波污染的直达波信号,更具优越性。     

基于支持向量机的非线性信道盲均衡算法研究

针对非线性信道盲均衡问题,考察了一种基于支持向量机的单输入单输出(SISO)盲均衡算法,该算法利用通信信号的常数模特性,将非线性盲均衡问题转化为非线性支持向量回归问题。在此基础上,本文利用分集技术,将该算法拓展至单输入多输出(SIMO)的情况。对两种算法进行的计算机仿真表明,基于支持向量机的SISO盲均衡算法能够有效地抑制信道中的非线性码间干扰;本文提出新算法由于更好地利用了信道的时空特性,具有剩余平均模误差小的优点。     

基于多天线接收的空间分集盲均衡算法

基于多天线接收的空间分集技术与均衡技术相结合的空间分集均衡算法可以克服衰落带来的不利影响,有效提高通信系统接收端的性能。文中将多天线支路间的合并权值和均衡器的权值统一合并于盲均衡算法中的系数估计,形成一种新的空间分集盲均衡算法,该算法具有较小的实现复杂度和很好的均衡效果。通过仿真实验表明,在误符号率相同的条件下,本文提出的分集均衡算法比单路信号盲均衡算法所需信噪比低1 dB-2 dB。同时分析了多天线接收的支路信号间存在的相位差以及延迟对算法的性能影响。     

基于稀疏超指数盲均衡的高频外辐射源雷达发射信号提取

基于天波雷达发射信号的外辐射源雷达需要在接收站提取发射信号用于匹配滤波处理, 而到达接收站的发射信号往往受到电离层反射与折射多径污染的问题, 提出了一种基于超指数与常数模盲均衡算法的发射信号混合盲反卷积方法.利用电离层折射与反射等多径杂波的稀疏性, 采用稀疏处理降低混合算法中超指数盲均衡算法的计算量, 从而实现发射信号的恢复.针对发射信号恢复质量对检测性能的影响进行了分析评估.计算机仿真表明, 所提出的盲均衡算法保持了超指数算法快速收敛的优点, 同时, 在性能损失很小的情况下计算量显著下降, 具有良好的工程应用前景.     

浮空平台外辐射源雷达直达波恢复算法研究

利用调频广播信号的浮空平台外辐射源雷达是一种新体制雷达,面临着同频电台干扰难题,提出了干扰状态下基于盲源分离的直达波恢复方法。利用同频电台方位已知等先验信息,提出了一种基于波束域相关函数差异的判断方法,解决了独立成分分析盲源分离算法的输出信号顺序模糊难题,从而可以保证可靠的参考电台直达波恢复,摒弃干扰电台。计算机仿真表明,所给出算法可以准确有效地确定参考电台信号。     

基于样条函数Renyi熵的时间分集小波盲均衡算法

针对时间分集分数间隔判决反馈盲均衡算法(TD)计算量大、收敛速度慢的缺点,该文提出了一种基于样条函数Renyi熵的时间分集小波盲均衡算法。该算法直接把定义的样条函数Renyi熵作为代价函数用于TD的权向量更新,利用分数间隔获得更详细的信道信息;由正交小波变换降低输入信号的自相关性,以加快收敛速度;利用时间分集和判决反馈结构来降低多径衰落对通信质量的影响。水声信道盲均衡的仿真实验,验证了该算法的有效性。     

多径衰落环境中具有调制识别能力的盲均衡新算法

常数模盲均衡算法在对非常模信号进行均衡时稳态均方误差不能收敛至零,且不具备信号调制识别能力.因此,依照常数模算法代价函数的构造方法定义了一种余弦代价函数,提出了基于该代价函数的盲均衡新算法.该余弦代价函数可将BPSK、M-PAM、M-QAM信号的不同星座点映射至原点,从而使新算法在对上述常模或非常模信号进行均衡时稳态均方误差均能收敛至零,更重要的是新算法能够在多径衰落环境下实现对上述信号的调制识别.理论分析和仿真结果证明了新算法的优良性能.     

多径信道中基于盲波束成形的CDMA多用户检测和伪码估计

在分析阵列天线接收的多径CDMA信号的基础上,发掘阵列信号子空间与扩频用户伪码序列的关系,对传统的子空间波束成形器结构做了改进,提出一种新的基于盲波束成形的伪随机码序列盲估计算法。算法采用复独立分量分析法迭代,得到盲波束成形器系数,能在波达方向未知的情况下,估计各个用户的扩频序列。本文同时提出一种基于盲波束形成的异步多径CDMA信号多用户检测算法,可以在未知各个用户扩频码和波达方向的先验知识条件下,完成多径异步CDMA信号的多用户检测。算法由于同时利用了扩频增益和阵列天线分集增益,相比于单天线多用户检测算法性能有所提高。理论分析和仿真结果验证了算法的可行性。      

基于改进CMA+MMA的直达波脉冲复包络估计技术

直达波参考信号在传输过程中经常会受到噪声、地杂波和多路径干扰的影响,造成信号失真,从而对非合作双基地雷达的性能产生影响.为了恢复脉冲制非合作双基地雷达中的直达波参考信号,考虑采用盲均衡技术重构直达波参考信号.针对直达波信号脉冲持续期间模值恒定、脉冲间歇期内模值为零的包络特性,讨论了盲均衡算法中的恒模算法(CMA)和多模算法(MMA)的特点及其应用条件,在此基础上提出了改进的CMA+MMA算法,仿真结果表明改进的CMA+MMA算法比CMA算法均衡后的互相关函数尖峰更窄,能进一步提高CMA算法对直达波脉冲的均衡性能.     

Blind asynchronous multiuser CDMA receivers for ISI channels usingcode-aided CMA

A code-aided constant modulus algorithm (CMA) based approach is presented for blind detection of asynchronous short-code DS-CDMA (direct sequence code division multiple access) signals in intersymbol interference (ISI)/multipath channels. Only the spreading code of the desired user is assumed to be known; its transmission delay may be unknown. A linear equalizer is designed by minimizing the Godard/CMA cost function of the equalizer output with respect to the equalizer coefficients subject to the fact that the equalizer lies in a subspace associated with the desired user's code sequence. Constrained CMA leads to the extraction of the desired user's signal whereas unconstrained minimization leads to the extraction of any one of the active users. The results are further improved by using unconstrained CMA initialized by the results of the code-aided CMA. Identifiability properties of the approach are analyzed. Illustrative simulation examples are provided     

移动通信中基于空时CM均衡的抗多径干扰技术

为补偿因空间角扩展和时延扩展同时存在而引起的多径干扰,将CM阵推广至二维结构,利用基于CMA恒模算法的空时联合信号处理技术对其进行均衡。基于包含信号到达方向（DOA）的信道模型,推导出了CMA空时联合恒模算法,并分析了其收敛特性。计算机仿真表明,该算法保持了CMA算法的盲均衡特性,算法简便。     

移动通信中的CMA阵列抗干扰性能分析

移动通信中的CMA阵列具有抗多径干扰和抗共信道干扰能力。本文理论分析了实际信号环境下CMA阵列的抗多径干扰和抗共道干扰能力，并进行了计算机仿真，仿真结果表明，CMA阵列的抗多径干扰性能受随机相移、信号幅度、信号空间分布等因素的影响，当所需信号与多径干扰信号空间卫离度越大，CMA阵列的抗多径干扰性能越好。CMA阵列的抗共信道干扰性能较抗多径干扰性能要好，只要所需用户信号和共信道干扰信号不在同一入射方向，CMA阵列就可以将干扰信号抑制掉。     

多径BOC信号捕获性能分析

针对多径情况下存在一阶多普勒变化率的高动态二进制偏移载波(Binary Offset Carrier,BOC)信号捕获困难的问题,本文提出了基于部分匹配滤波器(Partial Matched Filter,PMF)和分数阶傅里叶变换(Fractional Fourier Transform,FRFT)相结合的多径情况下高动态BOC信号的捕获算法。该算法首先利用PMF对信号进行分段积分处理,然后利用FRFT所具有的使不同的线性调频信号(Linear Frequency Modulated,LFM)在不同的FRFT域呈现能量聚集的特性确定直达信号,最后在直达信号所对应的最优FRFT域完成对BOC信号的捕获。该算法可以在确定直达信号的同时抑制除直达信号外的多径信号,通过仿真结果可知,该算法可以在信噪比为-7 dB的情况下实现对存在一阶多普勒变化率的多径BOC信号的捕获。      

Constant modulus algorithm for blind equalization of multipath transmitted video signals in cable networks

In this paper we present an approach to equalize multipath transmitted video signals without any reference signal. This approach takes advantage of the constant envelope feature of the color burst signal, which is transmitted in the blanking interval of each TV line and can be considered as an angle-modulated signal. The constant modulus algorithm (CMA) after Treichler is modified for our purpose. Special attention is given to the equalization of video signals in PAL systems. By making full use of the genuine phase feature of the color burst signal in PAL systems, the Hilbert transform needed by CMA can be saved for equalizing PAL system video signals. In addition to equalize analog TV signal, this paper can also lead to a joint echo cancellation of analog and digital TV signals transmitted in cable network.     

改进的构造函数盲均衡算法研究

以提高通信信号质量和降低其受多径效应的影响为背景,介绍了恒模算法(CMA)及构造函数算法(CF算法),并在此基础上针对其不足作了相应的改进,提出分数间隔修正构造函数盲均衡算法(FSE-MCF)。对改进算法的均衡性能进行了仿真,仿真结果分析可知,新算法与CF算法相比较,在相同信噪比条件下可以进一步减小稳态误差,加快收敛速度,有较好的均衡性能。     

Spatial and Temporal CM Equalization for Broadband Wireless Indoor Networks at Millimeter Waves

Based on a new multipath channel model, a spatial-temporal combined CM equalization approach is derived at millimeter waves. Computer simulations are presented to testify the theoretical analysis. It is shown that this method can compensate the signal degradation caused by indoor multipath propagation. The convergence behavior of the spatial-temporal CMA is also analyzed.     

The mutual coupling and diffraction effects on the performance of aCMA adaptive array

The performance of the constant modulus algorithm (CMA) with the steepest descent method used in an adaptive array of monopole antennas mounted on a rectangular conducting plate was investigated. The mutual coupling (MC) effect among the array elements and the diffraction effect caused by the conducting plate were taken into account in the calculation by a hybrid method of moment method (MM) and geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD). Simulations showed that the CMA adaptive array performs differently when the MC and the diffraction effects are taken into account. In some cases, the speed of convergence is slower with MC, and in other cases it is faster. Also, in multipath scenarios the array sometimes converges on a weaker delayed ray rather than the direct ray when MC is included. The capture property is explained by the fact that the CMA algorithm is sensitive to initial conditions and the initial array pattern is directional due to MC-not omnidirectional as in the ideal case. The performance of the array on a finite ground plane is different from that on an infinite ground plane due to diffraction effects     

A Modified Adaptive FIR Equalizer for Multipath Echo Cancellation in FM Transmission

Multipath propagation is a severe problem in conventional FM broadcasting since this phenomenon causes nonlinear distortions after demodulation. Several proposals for the correction of multipath corrupted FM signals were given in some recent papers, but up to now there exist no satisfactory solutions with sufficiently low hardware complexity for commercial application. The main idea of the present paper is to take advantage of some a priori knowledge of the multipath transfer function with the goal to develop a nonrecursive equalizer structure with minimum hardware expense. For adaptive adjustment of the equalizer, we use a recently introduced constant modulus algorithm (CMA) in a modified form. Instead of direct coefficient adjustment, we regard the parameters of the transmission channel as unknowns which are updated adaptively. The equalizer coefficients are uniquely defined by the channel parameters and can be determined in one step. The advantage of this method is a large improvement of the convergence behavior in comparison to existing solutions. The methods presented here are tested by means of an FM hardware system including FM transmitter, multipath simulation, FM demodulator, and an FIR multipath equalizer, which allows real-time investigations of the equalizer performance under well-defined multipath conditions.     

基于混合模型的强直达波与多径杂波消除

针对非合作无源相干定位中强直达波与多径杂波对目标散射信号的强抑制特点,提出了采用AR与MA的混合模型消除直达波与多径杂波的新方法。文中推导了采用AR模型和MA模型对多径信道建模的正则方程,提出了采用混合模型消除直达波与杂波的迭代算法。理论与仿真结果表明该方法对直达波与多径杂波的消除是非常有效的。