基于独立成分分析的分解向前SVM降维算法

提出一种基于大样本学习的分解向前支持向量机算法和一种新的基于独立成分分析的降维学习模型，其算法的复杂度比传统块算法和标准SVM低。利用不完备ICA思想，达到数据压缩而降维的目的。实验发现，由于降低了输入维数，简化了数据结构，从而减少了SVM识别的计算复杂度，当把向量维数从110维降低到5维时，平均识别率超过传统神经网络达到93%，因而从计算时间和识别效率二者的综合情况来考虑，ICA降维模型是一种理想的实际应用模型。     

完全判别分析

针对现有的线性判别分析算法中存在的降维舍弃空间的判别信息丢失问题,以及秩空间和零空间的判别信息难以兼顾的问题,本文提出了一种完全判别分析算法.算法通过新构建一个子空间以及其中的判别矩阵,实现了可以充分使用全空间的判别信息;且新空间的维数较低,算法流程简单,计算代价较小.相关实验结果证实了本文算法较传统判别分析算法有更好的性能和效率.     

核零空间线性鉴别分析及其在人脸识别中的应用

零空间线性鉴别分析NLDA充分利用样本总类内离散度矩阵的零空间信息,能有效克服线性鉴别分析LDA的小样本问题.核方法通过非线性映射,将输入空间样本映射到高维特征空间,再在高维特征空间利用线性特征提取算法.因此,核方法属于非线性特征提取算法.文中结合LDA、NLDA和核方法的优点,引入了核零空间线性鉴别分析KNLDA,导出了KNLDA算法.该算法通过引入核函数,得到低维矩阵,有效避免了直接计算复杂的非线性映射函数,解决了高维类内离散度矩阵的维数灾难问题.同时,将KNLDA算法应用于人脸识别.基于ORL人脸数据库以及ORL与Yale混合人脸数据库的实验结果表明了KNLDA算法的有效性.     

基于零空间分析的张量局部Fisher判别方法

结合局部Fisher判别、张量子空间学习和零空间分析等技术的优点,提出了一种基于零空间分析的张量局部Fisher判别算法,其特点包括:i) 引入类间判别信息,对局部Fisher判别技术进行调整,提升了算法识别性能并且降低了计算时间复杂度;ii) 通过张量型降维思想对输入样本进行双边投影变换而非单边投影,获得了更高的信息压缩率;iii) 随着训练样本量的变化,可采用基于零空间分析的求解方法和传统的直接迭代更新计算方法。通过ORL、Yale和ExYaleB 3个人脸数据库验证了所提算法的性能。     

PCA-VQ融合降维的SMO-SVM说话人识别研究

针对说话人语音原始梅尔频率倒谱系数(MFCC)特征参数维数较高造成的模型计算效率低以及不稳定的问题,基于序列最小优化(SMO)高效算法求解支持向量机(SVM)基本型的对偶问题,开展主成分分析-矢量量化((PCA-VQ)融合降维的SMO-SVM说话人识别算法研究。改进后的算法在MATLAB平台上仿真通过。仿真结果表明:通过PCA-VQ融合算法对MFCC特征参数进行优化降维后,SMO-SVM说话人识别模型的正确率提高3.77%,训练时间节省1.24 s,具有较好推广应用价值。     

基于改进支持向量机的Wi-Fi室内定位算法

针对室内复杂环境下无线信号不稳定、传统支持向量机定位算法计算复杂度高等难题,为了提高室内的定位精度,提出一种改进支持向量机的Wi-Fi室内定位算法。采用核主成分分析对特征进行降维处理,提取有用信息、降低计算量,采用支持向量机构建定位特征与物理位置的非线性映射模型,并采用粒子群算法对模型参数进行优化,进行了仿真实验。结果表明,该算法提高了室内定位精度和效率。     

基于Moore-Spence扩展系统鞍结分岔点的降阶新算法

为了克服Moore-Spence系统的计算复杂性.通过引入辅助方程形成扩展的Moore-Spence系统,得到一种求解Moore-Spence扩展系统的矩阵降阶新算法.该算法可大幅度降低系数矩阵的阶数,解决了Moore-Spence方程高维数求解的困难.算例仿真结果表明,该方法对于求解微分代数电力系统模型的鞍结分岔点是行之有效的.     

维数约简算法简述

机器学习是近几年研究的热点,维数约简算法是机器学习的必要手段,本文从维数约简算法的定义讲起,介绍了几种典型的数据降维算法,其中包括线性降维和非线性降维,流形学习是非线性降维的代表算法。并且介绍了每个算法的构造过程及其特点,在此基础上分析了所有维数约简算法的执行效率时间和空间复杂度,并且给出了每个算法的特点和算法的核心思想,最后在此基础上给予总结,为后面研究者提供参考和借鉴。     

链式多种群多智能体进化算法

将多种群的进化方式和链式结构的动态邻域引入到多智能体进化算法中,提出了一种链式多种群多智能体进化算法.算法设置了多种群交互的演化结构.各种群中的智能体通过与其动态邻域智能体的竞争、合作及自学习操作来增加自身的能量;动态邻域的链式结构提高了算法的效率、降低了计算复杂度;多个种群之间的信息定期以一定的方式进行交互,增强了种群的多样性,减小了算法陷入局部最优的机率.理论分析和多个测试函数的仿真结果均表明:链式多种群多智能体进化算法在求解高维优化问题上具有很好的性能.     

数据流中随机型分形维数计算方法研究

分形维数能够有效地描述数据集,反映复杂数据集中隐含的规律性,基于分形理论的数据挖掘算法通常都步及到分形维数的计算。但是现有的分形维数计算方法的时间复杂度和空间复杂度都比较高,大大降低了算法的效率,使算法很难适应高速、海量的数据流环境。因此,总结分析了现有的几种分形维数计算方法,并提出一种随机型方法,利用固定的内存空间快速估计数据流的关联维数。最后通过与现有算法进行对比实验,证明了这一随机型算法的有效性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。