富马松香强化胶的研制

强化松香胶具有反应性高、酸功能显著,对氧化剂稳定、耐老化等特点。实践说明,强化松香胶不仅具有较高的施胶效果,而其最大优点是节约松香用量。富马松香强化胶是由富马松香制成的胶料。富马松香是用富马酸改性天然松香制成的。     

富马松香强化胶的应用效果

富马松香强化胶的应用效果松香胶的一个重大发展是强化松香胶的出现。强化松香胶具有反应性高、酸功能显著、对氧化剂稳定、耐老化等特点。实践说明：强化松香胶不仅具有较高的施胶效果，而其最大优点是节约松香用量。富马松香及富马松香强化胶为新开发的一种原料及有效的...     

免疫标记分析技术及其在粮食霉菌毒素 检测中的应用研究进展

霉菌毒素污染严重危害食品的质量安全,最终影响到人们的健康。因此,建立毒素检测方法对预防霉菌毒素污染,减少毒素中毒事件发生至关重要。综述了污染粮食的霉菌毒素的种类、危害及免疫标记技术在粮食霉菌毒素检测中的应用。     

一种快速检测呕吐毒素的胶体金试纸条

利用胶体金免疫层析法,研制了一种能够快速检测黄豆中呕吐毒素含量的试纸条。通过试验,胶体金试纸条对呕吐毒素的检测限是1μg/g,对玉米赤霉烯酮毒素、黄曲霉毒素B1、赭曲毒素A等无交叉反应,假阳性率和假阴性率均为0,检测时间为10min。试纸条能够准确、可靠、简便、快速地检测黄豆中残留的呕吐毒素,适合大量样品的现场检测。     

动物可食组织中霉菌毒素的残留及检测方法研究进展

霉菌毒素可在畜禽体内各脏器组织残留,为动物源性的食品安全带来隐患。随着对霉菌毒素危害认识的深入,对食品中的各类霉菌毒素限量标准的要求也在不断地提高,相应的检测技术和检测限也有了很大的发展。本文对动物可食组织中霉菌毒素的残留及检测方法研究进展进行综述,以期为制定动物性食品可食组织中的霉菌毒素的残留及检测标准提供一定的依据。     

黄曲霉毒素检测方法及其应用

黄曲霉毒素(aflatoxin AFT)是由黄曲霉分泌的一种毒性极大的致癌化合物,在实际生活中黄曲霉毒素会对食物造成严重污染,因此是我国的重点检测项目,在食物流通中黄曲霉毒素会直接对人体造成严重危害,进入人体后因极强的毒性作用,可诱发人体或者动物肝癌,常引发具有极大破坏性的公共卫生案件。本篇研究针对黄曲霉毒素的检测进行了分析,经过总结之后形成了对黄曲霉毒素检测方法的综述,本文主要对薄层层析法、高效液相色谱法、微柱法以及酶联吸附法等检测方法在食品黄曲霉毒素检测中的应用进行综合分析。     

河源富马硬质合金股份有限公司

河源富马硬质合金股份有限公司成立于2003年8月20日,并于2014年1月24日在全国中小企业股份转让系统挂牌(证券简称:河源富马;证券代码:430482)。公司位于广东省河源市仙塘经济开发区,属于国家级高新技术企业、广东省创新型企业、广东省战略性新兴产业企业广东省知识产权企业.     

乳品中黄曲霉毒素M1检测方法研究进展

黄曲霉毒素M1是动物摄入黄曲霉毒素B1后的代谢产物,主要分布在动物的乳汁、尿液中。黄曲霉毒素M1毒性很大,经乳制品摄入会对人体产生巨大的危害。本文主要对乳品中黄曲霉毒素M1毒性、危害、检测方法进行综述。对主要检测方法的特性及适用范围进行分析与概括,并且对未来黄曲霉毒素M1的检测方法的发展进行了合理展望。     

河源富马硬质合金股份有限公司

正河源富马硬质合金股份有限公司成立于2003年8月20日,并于2014年1月24日在全国中小企业股份转让系统挂牌(证券简称:河源富马;证券代码:430482)。公司位于广东省河源市仙塘经济开发区,属于国家     

不断应用先进技术 提高食品检测质量

正一、食品检测行业质量管理现状1.食品毒素检测。部分食物中含有一定的毒素,会在一定程度上威胁和损害人体健康,因此,在对食物进行安全检测时,必须针对毒素应用相应的安全检测技术。我国相关部门引进了先进的技术和设备,通过科学应用高端技术,可以对毒素     

伏马毒素削减方法研究进展

伏马毒素(Fumonisins,FB)是镰刀菌属(Fusarium spp.)在一定温度和湿度条件下产生的水溶性次级代谢产物。它不仅污染粮食作物造成粮食减产,还对人畜的健康造成巨大损害,近年来关于FB削减已成为研究热点。传统的物理、化学方法虽能一定程度削减FB,但削减不彻底,破坏营养成分,引入不确定因素,而生物方法反应温和,效率高,环境友好。目前,国际上对FB的削减研究已进入分子水平,已筛选到相关的降解菌,降解基因也已被克隆。综述了FB削减方法的研究进展,提出FB削减的有关建议。     

Impact of mechanical shelling and dehulling on Fusarium infection and fumonisin contamination in maize

Mechanical shelling and dehulling methods were tested to evaluate their impact on Fusarium infection and fumonisin contamination in maize. All shelling methods which were tested were found to damage the grains. The IITA® sheller caused the highest level (up to 3.5%) of damage. Fusarium populations were higher on damaged grains, the highest being recorded from grains damaged by the IITA® sheller (2533.3 cfu g^-1). Fumonisin levels were higher in damaged grains, the highest being in maize shelled with the IITA® sheller (2.2 mg kg^-1). Fumonisin levels were positively and significantly correlated with the percentage of damage caused by the shelling methods, and with the number of Fusarium colonies in maize. Mechanical dehulling methods significantly reduced fumonisin levels in maize, resulting in a mean reduction of 62% for Mini-PRL, 65% for Engelberg, and 57% for the attrition disc mill. It is important for farmers to choose appropriate shelling methods to reduce mycotoxin contamination. Dehulling should be widely promoted for the reduction of mycotoxins in maize.     

伏马菌素研究进展

伏马菌素是串珠镰刀菌产生一类酶菌毒素,它能污染玉米及其制品,也可污染小麦、稻米等粮食及其制品;由于伏马菌素分布广泛且毒性较大,因此它在食品安全中意义越来越受到人们关注。该文介绍伏马菌素对食品污染状况、伏马菌素毒性及伏马菌素测定方法。     

Biomarkers of exposure to fumonisin mycotoxins: A review

The investigation of adverse health effects associated with fungal mycotoxins requires the measurement of human exposure. Most frequently, this exposure is estimated from contamination levels of raw foodstuffs, which are the primary source of toxin exposure, and data on food consumption patterns. However, variations in food preparation methods, food intake, contamination level, intestinal absorption, toxin distribution and excretion lead to individual variations in toxin exposure that are more readily measured with a biomarker. Fumonisin biomarkers have been sought in the measurement of levels of the toxin in physiological samples such as serum, urine, faeces, hair and nails. However, due to the low bioavailability of fumonisin, these samples pose a variety of analytical challenges and also still require validation as biomarkers. The most widely researched fumonisin biomarkers have been those related to the disruption of de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis, namely elevated levels of the sphingoid base, sphinganine, or of its ratio with sphingosine. Elevation of these parameters in humans would potentially provide a biomarker of biochemical effect. A number of investigations into the possible elevation of sphinganine (or its ratio with sphingosine) in human blood and urine have generally failed to correlate with estimates of fumonisin exposure. The sphingoid bases occur naturally in human blood and urine such that their levels have normal ranges, which can be influenced by dietary factors other than fumonisin ingestion. The lower exposures from human diets, as compared with doses in experimental animals, have made detection of changes in these sphingoid biomarkers problematic.     

Stability of mycotoxins during food processing

The mycotoxins that commonly occur in cereal grains and other products are not completely destroyed during food processing operations and can contaminate finished processed foods. The mycotoxins most commonly associated with cereal grains are aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, fumonisins, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. The various food processes that may have effects on mycotoxins include sorting, trimming, cleaning, milling, brewing, cooking, baking, frying, roasting, canning, flaking, alkaline cooking, nixtamalization, and extrusion. Most of the food processes have variable effects on mycotoxins, with those that utilize the highest temperatures having greatest effects. In general the processes reduce mycotoxin concentrations significantly, but do not eliminate them completely. However, roasting and extrusion processing show promise for lowering mycotoxin concentrations, though very high temperatures are needed to bring about much of a reduction in mycotoxin concentrations. Extrusion processing at temperatures greater than 150 degrees C are needed to give good reduction of zearalenone, moderate reduction of alfatoxins, variable to low reduction of deoxynivalenol and good reduction of fumonisins. The greatest reductions of fumonisins occur at extrusion temperatures of 160 degrees C or higher and in the presence of glucose. Extrusion of fumonisin contaminated corn grits with 10% added glucose resulted in 75-85% reduction in Fumonisin B(1) levels. Some fumonisin degredation products are formed during extrusion, including small amounts of hydrolyzed Fumonisin B(1) and N-(Carboxymethyl) - Fumonisin B(1) and somewhat higher amounts of N-(1-deoxy-d-fructos-1-yl) Fumonisin B(1) in extruded grits containing added glucose. Feeding trial toxicity tests in rats with extruded fumonisin contaminated corn grits show some reduction in toxicity of grits extruded with glucose.     

Extrusion Cooking Reduces Recoverability of Fumonisin B1 from Extruded Corn Grits

A split-split plot design was used to determine the effects of extrusion cooking on the recoverability of the mycotoxin Fumonisin B₁ (FB₁). Unextruded and extruded samples of spiked corn grits were analyzed for FB₁ by two methods, commercial enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and HPLC. Extrusion cooking resulted in more apparent loss of FB₁ with mixing screws than nonmixing screws. Losses of recoverable FB1 (p≤0.05) were observed at 120°C and 160°C with the mixing screws. A linear increase in loss of recoverable FB₁ was observed (with the nonmixing screws) as the moisture content increased.     

Use of a bio-wipe kit to detect fumonisin B1 in faecal materials

Fusarium toxins with reference to fumonisin B1 (FB1) have long been regarded as contaminants of maize and maize-based related products. However, when consumed they can cause intoxication, especially in humans. Therefore, effective quantitative methods for assessing the dietary exposure of this toxic fungal metabolite are required. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect on the use of a bio-wipe kit, which is a faecal material collection kit, to detect the presence of FB1. Faecal materials were collected from a rural farming community in Gauteng Province, South Africa. In total, 200 samples of faecal material were analysed for Fusarium species using a serial dilution method, while FB1 was further analysed and quantified by reversed-phase TLC and HPLC. The study showed the presence of 11 different Fusarium species grown on potato dextrose agar culture medium of which F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum, producers of FB1, and F. oxysporum were the dominant species. Fumonisin B1 was recorded at an incidence rate of 65% of the total using TLC. Results from HPLC showed that 84% were positive at different ranges of concentration for FB1. This study supports the use of a bio-wipe as a rapid method to determine human exposure to FB1.     

利用密度差异方法处理受伏马菌素污染的玉米

伏马菌素是存在于粮食中的一种真菌毒素,去除该毒素的方法有磨碎、发酵、含氨化合物和臭氧处理等.利用密度差异法,用水和不同浓度的NaCl溶液处理自然条件下被伏马菌素污染的玉米,玉米样品在溶液中浸泡后,取出浮在水上的部分.对上浮的部分与不上浮的部分分别进行伏马菌素含量检测.除去上浮玉米后,用水处理的玉米样品,毒素减少66.4%,而用质量分数30%NaCl处理的样品,可以去除90.8%的伏马菌素.采用质量分数30%以及高于30%的NaCl溶液处理对去除玉米中伏马菌素的污染有较好的效果.     

Determination of fumonisins B1 and B2 in cornflakes by high performance liquid chromatography and immunoaffinity clean-up

The determination of fumonisins in cornflakes is a challenging matter as the actually available methods for the analysis of corn do not perform well when applied to this more complex matrix. After testing several factors that may affect the analytical performance, an accurate method for the determination of fumonisin B₁ (FB₁) and B₂ (FB₂) in cornflakes has been developed. The method uses immunoaffinity chromatography for clean-up and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for quantification of the toxins. Samples were extracted twice with acetonitrile-methanol-water (25:25:50) and the combined extracts were diluted with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and applied to a FumoniTest? immunoaffinity column. After washing with PBS, fumonisins were eluted from the column with methanol and reacted with o-phthaldialdehyde/2-mercaptoethanol to form fluorescent derivatives. Fumonisin derivatives were analysed by reversed phase HPLC with fluorometric detection using methanol-0.1 M phosphate buffer (77:23; pH adjusted at 3.35) as mobile phase. The average recoveries for FB₁ and FB₂     

伏马毒素的危害及防控技术研究进展

伏马毒素(Fumonisin,FB)是一种产毒真菌的次级代谢产物,广泛存在于玉米等农作物中,严重危害人畜健康。近年来伏马毒素已成为全球污染最严重的霉菌毒素之一,对其的预防和控制已成为研究热点。本文重点介绍了伏马毒素的特性及危害,并对其预防控制技术的研究进展进行了综述,其中生物防治农作物及产品中伏马毒素的方法由于高效且环境友好,具有潜在的应用前景。