钛合金铣削刀具磨损对表面完整性影响研究

为了掌握钛合金TC4铣削过程中刀具磨损对表面完整性的影响规律,通过对不同刀具后刀面磨损量下铣削钛合金工件的表面完整性测试,得出了刀具磨损对表面完整性的影响规律,并对其影响机理进行了分析.结果表明,在刀具处于初期磨损和正常磨损阶段,刀具的挤光效应引起的压应力占主导地位,而在刀具剧烈磨损阶段,加工过程中的热塑性变形引起的拉应力占主导地位;随着刀具后刀面磨损量的增加,刀具正常磨损阶段粗糙度值缓慢增加,剧烈磨损阶段粗糙度值迅速增加;随着刀具后刀面磨损量的增加,已加工表面的显微硬度值和表面层的硬化深度都随之增大.     

高速铣削钛合金刀具磨损对表面粗糙度影响的研究

采用对比实验法,使用S30T硬质合金刀具对钛合金进行高速干式铣削,研究了在正常磨损阶段,主要铣削参数改变时刀具磨损对表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明:高速铣削钛合金时可得到较小的表面粗糙度值;铣削速度增加时,随刀具磨损的增大表面粗糙度值呈减小的趋势;铣削深度增大时,随刀具磨损的增大表面粗糙度值呈增大的趋势;每齿进给量增大时,随刀具磨损的增大表面粗糙度值呈先增大后趋向平稳的趋势。     

TC4钛合金高速铣削加工刀具失效机理研究

以TC4钛合金为试验材料,采用超细硬质合金PVD涂层刀具进行高速铣削加工,研究刀具在铣削TC4材料时的失效机理。试验通过采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和元素能谱检测(EDS),分别对失效刀具的刃口区域、前刀面区域、后刀面区域的磨损进行失效形貌检测和合金元素成分的分析测试。研究表明:超细晶粒硬质合金PVD涂层刀具进行TC4钛合金高速铣削加工时,刀具的失效形式在不同加工区域各有不同,刃口以黏结磨损失效和热—机械疲劳磨损失效为主,前刀面和后刀面以黏结磨损失效为主,刃口的热—机械疲劳裂纹扩展到前刀面和后刀面,并加剧了刀具的崩缺失效。     

硬质合金刀具高速车铣和铣削TC4钛合金磨损试验对比

采用H13A未涂层硬质合金刀具对TC4钛合金进行高速正交车铣和铣削试验,并从刀具磨损破损形态、磨损机理及其寿命等方面进行对比分析。研究表明:高速正交车铣和铣削钛合金时,前、后刀面主要以粘结磨损为主,车铣加工时在切削刃口易形成积屑瘤及连续切屑,但对刀具材料粘结较轻;高速铣削时,对刀具材料粘接较重,在前刀面刃口附近形成凹坑及崩刃;后刀面最大磨损的位置不相同。试验对比了相同切削条件时刀具使用寿命,结果表明采用正交车铣加工可以获得更长的刀具使用寿命。     

TC4圆弧形槽铣削刀具的研发设计及试验研究

针对TC4钛合金圆弧形槽的加工设计一种专用铣削刀具。在钛合金切削加工过程中,刀具参数角度是影响工件表面粗糙度和加工精度稳定性的重要因素,在采用高速钢刀具对TC4钛合金进行高精高效加工时,利用刀具几何角度减小断面与圆弧面圆角半径,达到圆弧半径清根作用。在TC4钛合金圆弧形槽铣削加工中,设计了一种以W18CR4V高速钢为基体的切削刀具,并进行了铣削加工试验,利用SuperView W1光学3D表面轮廓仪测量其粗糙度和轮廓度,工件表面精度可达Ra1.6μm,且具有较强清根作用,经过试验对比验证,本设计可达到高效率铣削钛合金效果。     

CVD金刚石刀具的微细铣削仿真及试验研究

为研究切削参数对CVD金刚石微铣刀切削性能的影响,运用扩展有限元法对CVD金刚石微刀具的铣削加工和刀具损伤应力进行仿真模拟,研究了铣削加工后工件的表面粗糙度随切削参数的变化规律,分析了切削参数对微铣刀失效的影响,并通过试验验证了仿真结果的正确性。研究结果表明:在CVD金刚石微铣刀加工TC4钛合金时,铣削深度和每齿进给量的增加不利于工件加工质量的改善;铣削速度增加对工件加工表面粗糙度影响较小;铣削深度是影响刀具失效的主要因素,铣削速度和每齿进给量是影响刀具失效的次要因素。     

钛合金铣削加工刀具粘结撕裂磨损的研究

本文主要针对硬质合金刀具铣削加工钛合金时的正常失效过程进行了研究。在已有的粘结、摩擦和剥离磨损的作用机理基础上,建立了铣削加工钛合金的后刀面粘结撕裂磨损模型。并对这类磨损的作用机理进行了初步地探讨。根据这类磨损的作用机理,对铣削钛合金时的刀具角度的选择和切削参数的选择提出了意见,对实际生产有一定的指导意义。     

钛合金铣削加工刀具粘结撕裂磨损的研究

本文主要针对硬质合金刀具铣削加工钛合金时的正常失效过程进行了研究。在已有的粘结、摩擦和剥离磨损的作用机理基础上,建立了铣削加工钛合金的后刀面粘结撕裂磨损模型。并对这类磨损的作用机理进行了初步地探讨。根据这类磨损的作用机理,对铣削钛合金对的刀具角度的选择和切削参数的选择提出了意见,对实际生产有一定的指导意义。     

TA15钛合金铣削试验及磨损分析

针对刀具磨损、切削力、粗糙度和铣削长度的关系,在切削液的条件下铣削TA15钛合金,研究硬质合金刀具整个加工过程中的刀具磨损、切削力、表面粗糙度和加工长度的关系,同时研究了刀具磨损对切削力和粗糙度的变化关系。结果表明:切削力随着铣削长度的增加而增加,涂层刀具的初期磨损阶段刀具磨损量及切削力上升缓慢;钛合金工件粗糙度随着铣削长度的增加先显著降低,再平稳上升,后显著上升;切削力随着刀具磨损增加而增加,粗糙度随刀具的磨损先显著降低,再逐渐增加。     

Al2O3基陶瓷刀具干切削淬硬钢H13时的加工表面质量研究

试验研究了不同速度下Al_2O_3/(W,Ti) C陶瓷刀具的磨损寿命以及不同后刀面磨损量时对应的切削温度,不同切削速度时刀具后刀面磨损量对表面粗糙度、表面残余应力以及加工硬化等表面完整性的影响规律及机制。结果表明:随着切削速度提高,工件已加工表面粗糙度减小;随着陶瓷刀具后刀面磨损量增加,表面粗糙度先减小后增大;已加工表面的残余压应力随切削速度增大而逐渐减小;表面残余应力随后刀面磨损量增大从残余压应力向残余拉应力转变;随着切削速度的提高,工件表面加工硬化逐渐降低;已加工表面显微硬度值和硬化层深度随后刀面磨损量增加而增大。     

Surface generation modeling of micro milling process with stochastic tool wear

Micro milling is widely used to manufacture miniature parts and features at high quality with low set-up cost. To achieve a higher quality of existing micro products and improve the milling performance, a reliable analytical model of surface generation is the prerequisite as it offers the foundation for surface topography and surface roughness optimization. In the micro milling process, the stochastic tool wear is inevitable, but the deep influence of tool wear hasn't been considered in the micro milling process operation and modeling. Therefore, an improved analytical surface generation model with stochastic tool wear is presented for the micro milling process. A probabilistic approach based on the particle filter algorithm is used to predict the stochastic tool wear progression, linking online measurement data of cutting forces and tool vibrations with the state of tool wear. Meanwhile, the influence of tool run-out is also considered since the uncut chip thickness can be comparable to feed per tooth compared with that in conventional milling. Based on the process kinematics, tool run-out and stochastic tool wear, the cutting edge trajectory for micro milling can be determined by a theoretical and empirical coupled method. At last, the analytical surface generation model is employed to predict the surface topography and surface roughness, along with the concept of the minimum chip thickness and elastic recovery. The micro milling experiment results validate the effectiveness of the presented analytical surface generation model under different machining conditions. The model can be a significant supplement for predicting machined surface prior to the costly micro milling operations, and provide a basis for machining parameters optimization.     

Investigation of cutting forces,surface integrity,and tool wear when high-speed milling of high-volume fraction SiC<Subscript>p</Subscript>/Al6063 composites in PCD tooling

This paper focused on high-speed milling of Al6063 matrix composites reinforced with high-volume fraction of small-sized SiC particulates and provided systematic experimental study about cutting forces, thin-walled part deformation, surface integrity, and tool wear during high-speed end milling of 65% volume fraction SiC_p/Al6063 (Al6063/SiC_p/65p) composites in polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tooling. The machined surface morphologies reveal that the cutting mechanism of SiC particulates plays an important role in defect formation mechanisms on the machined surface. In high-speed end milling of Al6063/SiC_p/65p composites, the cutting forces are influenced most considerably by axial depth of cut, and thus the axial depth of cut plays a dominant role in the thin-walled parts deformation. Increased milling speed within a certain range contributes to reducing surface roughness. The surface and sub-surface machined using high-speed milling suffered from less damage compared to low-speed milling. The milling speed influence on surface residual stress is associated with milling-induced heat and deformation. Micro-chipping, abrasive wear, graphitization, grain breaking off, and built-up edge are the dominated wear mechanism of PCD tools. Finally, a series of comparative experiments were performed to study the influence of tool nose radius, average diamond grain size, and machining parameters on PCD tool life.     

硬质合金立铣刀螺旋角对切削性能的影响

利用单因素试验法,在高温合金(GH4169)的铣削加工中,分析了硬质合金立铣刀螺旋角对切削力、已加工表面粗糙度、刀具寿命和失效形式的影响。掌握了立铣刀螺旋角对切削性能的影响,优选出在高温合金精铣加工中较为合理的刀具螺旋角。     

Tool wear and hole quality investigation in dry helical milling of Ti-6Al-4V alloy

This paper focused on combined study on the evolution of tool wear and its influence on borehole quality in dry helical milling of Ti-6Al-4V. The carbide tools with TiAlN coating were used in this experimental investigation. The tool wear characteristics both at front and periphery cutting edges were investigated using an optical microscope and SEM-EDS techniques. The experimental results demonstrate that the combined effects of chipping/fracture, diffusion, and oxidation have significant bearings on front cutting edge failure, while the flank wear was predominant at the periphery cutting edges. The cutting speed was correlated with tool failure mechanizes, and the different wear rates at front and periphery cutting edge caused different variation trends of cutting force in thrust and horizontal direction during hole-making process. The quality of machined holes was evaluated in terms of geometry accuracy, burr formation, and surface roughness. The exit-burrs of machined hole were closely correlated with front cutting edge wear. However, high hole quality was observed even the near end of tool life from the point of view of diameters, roundness error, and surface finish due to the smooth wear pattern at periphery cutting edges. Severe tool wear at front cutting edges will cause excessive exit-burrs, but it has no obvious effect on geometry and surface roughness in helical milling of Ti-6Al-4V.     

高速铣削AF1410高强度钢的实验研究

高强度钢具有优异的机械性能和广阔的应用,但切削加工较为困难,存在加工效率低,加工表面质量差等问题.以AF1410高强度钢为研究对象,应用高速铣削的加工方法,使用涂层硬质合金刀片,对AF1410高强度钢进行了高速铣削实验,研究分析了在高速切削条件下刀具磨损、切削力、切削温度以及已加工表面粗糙度的变化规律.研究发现以TiC...     

Tribological compatibility and improvement of machining productivity and surface integrity

Machining process productivity and machined part quality improvement is a considerable challenge for modern manufacturing. One way to accomplish this is through the application of PVD coatings on cutting tools. In this study the wear rate and wear behavior of end milling cutters with mono-layered TiAlCrN and nano-multilayered self-adaptive TiAlCrN/WN PVD coatings have been studied under high performance dry ball-nose end-milling conditions. The material being machined in this case is hardened H13 tool steel. The morphology of the worn surface of the cutting tool has been studied using SEM/EDX. The microstructure of the cross-section of the chips formed during cutting was analyzed as well. The surface integrity of the workpiece material was also evaluated. Surface roughness and microhardness distribution near the surface of the workpiece material was also investigated. The data presented shows that achieving a high degree of tribological compatibility within the cutting tool/workpiece system can have a big impact on tool life and surface integrity improvement during end milling of hardened tool steel.     

Optimal design of electrode cooling system for resistance spot welding with the response surface method

In the last decade, the progress of surface metrology has led to improved 3D characterisation of surfaces, offering the possibility of monitoring manufacturing operations and providing highly detailed information regarding the machine tool condition. This paper presents a case study where areal surface characterisation is used to monitor tool wear in peripheral milling. Due to the fact that tool wear has a direct effect on the machined workpiece surface, the machined surface topography contains much information concerning the machining conditions, including the tool wear state. By analysing the often subtle changes in the surface topography, one can highlight the tool wear state. This paper utilises areal surface characterization, areal auto-correlation function (AACF) and pattern analysis to illustrate the effect of tool wear on the workpiece surface. The result shows the following: (1) tool wear, previously difficult to detect, will influence almost all of the areal surface parameters; (2) the pattern features of AACF spectrum can reflect the subtle surface texture variation with increasing tool wear. The authors consider that, combined analysis of the surface roughness and its AACF spectrum are a good choice for monitoring the tool wear state especially with the latest developments in on-machine surface metrology.     

高硅铝合金的金刚石涂层刀具铣削损伤机理研究

高硅铝合金由于硅含量很高,故切削加工性较差,切削刀具极易磨损且已加工表面存在大量缺陷.为进一步研究材料加工损伤,采用化学气相沉积法制备了金刚石涂层铣刀,开展70％Si/Al(70％指质量分数)合金材料铣削试验.试验研究了铣削力、刀具磨损及加工损伤机理,并与常用TiN涂层铣刀进行了对比.结果 表明:铣削过程中由于初晶硅硬...     

钛合金TC11车削中已加工表面质量试验研究

为了研究车削钛合金TC11时切削速度和刀具磨损对已加工表面质量的影响,选用涂层硬质合金刀片CNMG120408在不同切削条件下进行车削试验,分析后刀面磨损量随切削时间的变化规律;对比磨损刀具与新刀具切削的工件表面,观察表面粗糙度、表面形貌、显微硬度以及表层微观组织情况,分析切削速度和刀具磨损对已加工表面质量的影响规律。试验结果表明:在刀具磨损初期,即新刀具切削时,切削速度从60m/min增加到100m/min,刀具磨损程度增大,表面粗糙度值降低,硬化层深度减小,加工硬化程度略微增大,表面塑性变形层深度减小;在刀具磨损终期,不同切削速度下的表面粗糙度增大,表面形貌变差,硬化层深度和加工硬化程度增加,表面变形程度增大,塑性变形层深度增加。     

高速铣削曲面工件的表面粗糙度仿真

在实际生产中,空间曲面一般采用行切法加工。无论是三坐标还是两坐标联动铣削,走刀行距的选择对加工表面粗糙度都有很大影响。本文针对球头铣刀对Bezier双三次曲面工件的高速铣削,结合走刀行距经验公式,提出了一种表面粗糙度的仿真算法,并通过仿真实例进行了验证。