锅炉尾部烟道空气预热器漏风率与时间关系的数学模型

本文主要介绍了锅炉尾部烟道区空预器漏风率与时间关系的数学表达式,直观反映了空预器漏风率随时间增长的变化规律。阐述了漏风对机组热经济性的影响;概述了空预器设备损坏的主要原因;提供了数学模型的适用范围和使用方法;并附有应用的实例。本文对有管式空预器的大、中型容量的锅炉,有一定的实用意义,对其它小型锅炉空预器的漏风率也可参照估算。     

回转式空气预热器漏风原理及检修方法

回转式空气预热器的漏风情况对火力发电机组节能降耗有直接的影响，为有效降低空预器漏风率，分析了回转式空气预热器由于密封间隙不合理造成的漏风率异常升高机理。以某电厂600MW机组锅炉LAP13494—3883型回转式空预器的检修为例，详细阐述了检修中调整密封间隙的技术要求及方法，并且有针对性地介绍了空预器密封间隙的检修调整工艺，使600MW容量锅炉空预器的漏风率由检修前14％降至检修后7％，节能效果显著。     

600MW机组锅炉空气预热器技术优化与改造

对安徽淮南平圩发电有限责任公司600MW机组#2锅炉2台空气预热器进行技术优化及改造,降低漏风率及风机电流,提高空预器运行的经济性.     

锅炉漏风对锅炉热损失的影响及对策

研究了空气预热器漏风、炉膛出口段烟道漏风和炉膛底部漏风等锅炉漏风位置对锅炉经济性的影响,并提出了针对锅炉和空预器漏风治理的具体措施。     

空气预热器改造后的引风机运行情况初步分析

天津国华盘山发电有限责任公司每台锅炉空气预热器改造后仍配置四台两分仓回转式空气预热器，但空预器改造后漏风率的降低势必对引风机造成一定的影响。由于引风机容量很大，所以在机组低负荷和空气预热器漏风率降低的情况下，需要讨论引风机运行的稳定性和安全性，同时需要根据现场实际制定解决方案。     

回转式空预器漏风率超标原因分析及对策

漏风是回转式空预器应用过程中的主要问题,漏风严重将直接影响到锅炉安全、经济运行.分析受热面转动的回转式空预器漏风的形成原因,并针对宁夏大坝发电有限责任公司一、二期部分空预器漏风率偏大的问题提出对策和建议.     

660MW煤粉锅炉空预器密封改造及性能试验测试

“双碳”战略推进了火电机组开展新一轮的节能减排工作的创新,加之煤粉锅炉空预器随着运行时间长久之后出现漏风率较高的情况发生,严重影响了机组的经济性。文中针对某厂660 MW煤粉锅炉空预器漏风率偏大的问题进行密封改造,空预器改造后进行性能试验测试,A、B侧平均漏风率由改造前7.16%降低2.2%,漏风率下降,热交换效率提高,从而减少了煤耗和排放,提高了整体机组的经济性和环保性。     

VN技术在容克式空气预热器密封改造中的应用

1　引　言回转式空气预热器是近年来大中型电站锅炉普遍采用的空气预热器型式,与管式空气预热器相比,它具有体积小,金属耗量少,结构紧凑等优点,利于锅炉尾部受热面得到比较合理的分开布置。但它也存在着漏风大的缺点,一般管式预热器漏风率约5%,而回转式预热器的漏风率,国外设备为5%～8%,国内设备为20～30%。漏风不仅使锅炉送、吸风机电耗增加,排烟损失增加,锅炉效率降低,而且由于缺风迫使锅炉降低出力运行。例如:胜利发电厂670t/h锅炉(配套200MW单元机组)配置容克式空气预热器(以下简称空预器)。空预器漏风率长期居高不下(30%左右),后虽经…     

电站锅炉空气预热器漏风率试验不确定度评定

阐述电站锅炉空气预热器漏风率的不确定度评定方法,并对某600 MW机组空预器漏风率的测试结果进行了不确定度评定。结果表明,影响空预器漏风率试验结果的不确定度因素主要是由于工况波动及场误差引入的。随着对试验要求不断的精细化,可以预见空预器漏风率试验结果的准确程度也将越来越被重视,建议今后采用网格连续测量法可有效提高测量精度。     

燃煤锅炉受热面回转式空预器刷式密封改造

文章针对太仓港协鑫发电有限公司300MW锅炉空预器漏风大的问题,结合空预器运行工况分析了空预器漏风大的原因,提出了改进方法且已实施,为同类受热面回转式空预器漏风的治理起到了一定的参考作用。     

Energy,exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of a steam power plant: A case study

The objective of this paper is to perform the energy, exergy and exergoeconomic analysis for the Hamedan steam power plant. In the first part of the paper, the exergy destruction and exergy loss of each component of this power plant is estimated. Moreover, the effects of the load variations and ambient temperature are calculated in order to obtain a good insight into this analysis. The exergy efficiencies of the boiler, turbine, pump, heaters and the condenser are estimated at different ambient temperatures. The results show that energy losses have mainly occurred in the condenser where 306.9 MW is lost to the environment while only 67.63 MW has been lost from the boiler. Nevertheless, the irreversibility rate of the boiler is higher than the irreversibility rates of the other components. It is due to the fact that the combustion reaction and its high temperature are the most significant sources of exergy destruction in the boiler system, which can be reduced by preheating the combustion air and reducing the air–fuel ratio. When the ambient temperature is increased from 5 to 24°C, the irreversibility rate of the boiler, turbine, feed water heaters, pumps and the total irreversibility rate of the plant are increased. In addition, as the load varies from 125 to 250 MW (i.e. full load) the exergy efficiency of the boiler and turbine, condenser and heaters are increased due to the fact that the power plant is designed for the full load. In the second part of the paper, the exergoeconomic analysis is done for each component of the power plant in order to calculate the cost of exergy destruction. The results show that the boiler has the highest cost of exergy destruction. In addition, an optimization procedure is developed for that power plant. The results show that by considering the decision variables, the cost of exergy destruction and purchase can be decreased by almost 17.11%. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

某电厂 670t/h锅炉暖风器改造方案

根据锅炉低温腐蚀原理论述了暖风器温升值的选取原则,结合某电厂670t/h锅炉暖风器运行中存在的堵灰和温升严重不足问题,介绍了暖风器结构设计及设计和运行中应注意的问题.     

1000MW超超临界机组锅炉运行测试

针对某火力发电厂2号机组的锅炉热效率、NOx排放及空气预热器漏风率进行了测试,检验锅炉能否达到供货商对其提供产品所作的性能保证值。结果显示其锅炉效率和NOx排放量达到性能保证值,但空气预热器的漏风率略高于其保证值。     

回转式空气预热器风烟焓增模型及其效率分析

1前言回转式空气预热器的缺点是漏风率大,漏风使能量损耗,回转式空气预热器效率由于漏风而降低,整个机组的效率也受到影响。在1963年,Frass和Ozisik指出[1],空气预热器的漏风量将影响锅炉效率和汽轮机的输出功率。Bejan等人提出漏风量直接影响的是空气预热器换热效率[2],对机组     

加热炉炉管节能改造和防护技术探讨

某油田拥有200多台火(管)筒式加热炉,由于腐蚀老化、负荷增大以及热洗周期缩短等原因,加热炉损坏和高能耗问题日益突出,每年耗气近9500×104m3,且现场多次发生加热炉着火事故。据统计,损坏的加热炉中,炉管烧损鼓包占53%,烟炉管、封头、烟箱、烟囱腐蚀减薄或穿孔占32%,由此判断炉管是加热炉的易损部件。加热炉炉管鼓包是因为结垢导致炉管上部局部过热以及环境温度变化过大,炉管和弯头等部位的腐蚀主要是因为溶解氧腐蚀、垢下腐蚀及硫酸露点腐蚀。根据加热炉损坏的原因,提出了通过使用FHC-D型红外线新型节能涂料、物理防垢设备、直燃式燃烧器辐射管、炉管高温和泄漏监测装置等防护措施,有效控制炉管损坏问题,并预防因炉管烧穿而引起的火灾事故;此外,在加热炉运行管理中,建议通过推广低温常温集输、加热炉交替使用、合理调整天然气和空气配比等方式,达到减缓结垢速度、保护炉管的目的。     

热管空气预热器应用研究

热管空气预热器是一种重要的余热回收装置。它可以有效减轻锅炉的低温腐蚀,降低排烟温度,提高锅炉效率。针对某电厂锅炉热管空气预热器,进行了壁温等参数测试。结果表明,该炉加装前置式热管预热器后,排烟损失降低1.41%,锅炉效率提高1.24%。从热管空气预热器的传热特性、阻力特性、等温特性、管壁温度特性及漏风情况看,热管的设计、热管的制造和热管的安装都是成功的。     

Exergy analysis of a coal‐based 210 MW thermal power plant

In the present work, exergy analysis of a coal‐based thermal power plant is done using the design data from a 210 MW thermal power plant under operation in India. The entire plant cycle is split up into three zones for the analysis: (1) only the turbo‐generator with its inlets and outlets, (2) turbo‐generator, condenser, feed pumps and the regenerative heaters, (3) the entire cycle with boiler, turbo‐generator, condenser, feed pumps, regenerative heaters and the plant auxiliaries. It helps to find out the contributions of different parts of the plant towards exergy destruction. The exergy efficiency is calculated using the operating data from the plant at different conditions, viz. at different loads, different condenser pressures, with and without regenerative heaters and with different settings of the turbine governing. The load variation is studied with the data at 100, 75, 60 and 40% of full load. Effects of two different condenser pressures, i.e. 76 and 89 mmHg (abs.), are studied. Effect of regeneration on exergy efficiency is studied by successively removing the high pressure regenerative heaters out of operation. The turbine governing system has been kept at constant pressure and sliding pressure modes to study their effects. It is observed that the major source of irreversibility in the power cycle is the boiler, which contributes to an exergy destruction of the order of 60%. Part load operation increases the irreversibilities in the cycle and the effect is more pronounced with the reduction of the load. Increase in the condenser back pressure decreases the exergy efficiency. Successive withdrawal of the high pressure heaters show a gradual increment in the exergy efficiency for the control volume excluding the boiler, while a decrease in exergy efficiency when the whole plant including the boiler is considered. Keeping the main steam pressure before the turbine control valves in sliding mode improves the exergy efficiencies in case of part load operation. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大同第二发电厂3号炉空气预热器改造

大同第二发电厂的6台200MW机组，锅炉原配风罩回转式空气预热器，投运以来漏风大，影响安全、经济运行，决定采用转子回转式空气预热器进行替换改造。文中介绍了新的空气预热器结构、参数、电厂在改造中的安装、组织管理、质量控制，投运后阻力降低，实测平均漏风系数6．9％，达到同类空气预热器水平，取得较好技术、经济效果。     

回转式空气预热器转子热变形数值模拟

漏风率高是回转式空气预热器面临的最大问题,预热器转子热变形导致的径向漏风是主要的漏风方式。针对空气预热器转子的热变形,提出采用有限元分析方法进行求解,利用ANSYS软件,以某电厂300MW锅炉回转式空气预热器为研究对象,采用有限元分析法对转子径向隔板的温度场和热变形进行了求解和分析,并与经验公式求解结果进行了对比。证明了有限元分析法用于分析转子的热变形是可靠的,且具有一定的优势,对解决工程实际问题具有指导意义。     

600MW锅炉一次风系统节能改造试验研究

针对电站锅炉一次风系统运行方式选择的不合理,导致磨煤机入口风量及一次风机电耗存在偏差,进行了一次风系统风量标定和运行方式优化试验,以现场试验的试验结果作为依据,提出了合理的调整方式。现场运行表明,所提出的调整方式能有效的降低风机电耗,提供准确的一次风量,对制粉系统安全运行、保持炉内良好的燃烧工况和提高锅炉效率有重要意义。