递进多目标粒子群算法的设计及应用

在现有递进进化技术研究的基础上,提出了一种递进多目标PSO算法,该方法每进化一定代数后以一定策略对群体进行重构,以提高算法对解空间的遍历性,从而较大程度上避免算法的早熟。该算法采用非劣解等级优先的选择方式复制后代,通过递进层次间对部分非劣解个体执行局部搜索,加快全局非劣解集的进化。采用递进PSO算法与非递进PSO算法对一些典型优化问题进行对比分析,验证了算法求解多目标函数优化问题的有效性。研究表明,通过研究惯性因子确定的随机数方法,比目前的固定数确定方法具有一定的先进性。     

生产调度优化问题文化进化算法研究

许多生产调度优化问题属于NP-hard问题,其求解通常采用智能启发式算法。基于文化算法及文化进化思想设计的文化进化算法,通过上层文化空间的经验知识指导下层个体进化搜索的方向及步长,通过模拟人类社会文化进化的机制实现文化空间的进化与更新,最后将算法应用到置换Flow shop问题的求解,用Matlab编程仿真测试,结果表明此算法解决生产调度优化问题是可行的,而且其全局搜索性能优于一种改进的GA算法。     

连续空间优化问题的自适应蚁群系统算法

蚁群算法是进化计算中一种新型优化算法,其基本算法用于求解排序类型的组合优化问题本文提出一种用于连续空间优化问题求解的蚁群算法,采用了新的基于目标函数值的启发式信息素分配算法,以及搜索过程中最优解的筛选方法.根据目标函数来自适应调整蚂蚁的路径搜索行为,从而保证算法快速找到全局最优解.一个多极值点的连续优化问题求解实例证明了该方法的有效性     

一种求解多目标优化问题的进化算法混合框架

为了提高多目标优化算法的求解性能,提出一种启发式的基于种群的全局搜索与局部搜索相结合的多目标进化算法混合框架.该框架采用模块化、系统化的设计思想,不同模块可以采用不同策略构成不同的算法.采用经典的改进非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)和基于分解的多目标进化算法(MOEA/D)作为进化算法的模块算法来验证所提混合框架的有效性.数值实验表明,所提混合框架具有良好性能,可以兼顾算法求解的多样性和收敛性,有效提升现有多目标进化算法的求解性能.     

基于记忆库拉马克进化算法的作业车间调度

多种群遗传算法相比遗传算法在性能上能够有所提高,但对具有较多局部最优解的作业车间调度问题,多种群遗传算法仍然难以改善易陷入局部最优解和局部搜索能力差的缺点.因此,提出了一种求解作业车间调度问题的新算法MGA-MBL(multi-population genetic algorithm based on memory-base and Lamarckian evolution for job shop scheduling problem).MGA-MBL在多种群遗传算法的基础上通过引入记忆库策略,不但使子种群间的个体可以进行信息交换,而且有利于保持整个种群的多样性;通过构造基于拉马克进化机制的局部搜索算子来提高多种群遗传算法中子种群进化的局部搜索能力.由于MGA-MBL采用了全局寻优能力较强的模拟退火算法对记忆库中的个体进行优化,从而缓解了多种群遗传算法易陷入局部最优解的问题,并提高了算法求解作业车间调度问题的性能.对著名的benchmark数据进行测试,实验结果证实了MGA-MBL在求解作业车间调度问题上的有效性.     

混合量子算法及其在flow shop问题中的应用

量子进化算法（QEA）是目前较为独特的优化算法,它的理论基础是量子计算。算法充分借鉴了量子比特的干涉性、并行性,使得QEA求解组合优化问题具备了可行性。由于在求解排序问题中,算法本身存在收敛慢,没有利用其它未成熟个体等缺陷,将微粒群算法（PSO）及进化计算思想融入QEA中,构成了混合量子算法（HQA）。采用flow shop经典问题对算法进行了测试,结果证明混合算法克服了QEA的缺陷,对于求解排序问题具有一定的普适性。     

基于DNA进化算法的车间作业调度问题研究

针对遗传算法解决车间作业调度问题时存在早熟收敛的缺点,采用一种新型进化算法——DNA进化算法解决车间作业调度问题.将算法从连续优化问题拓展用于解决离散优化问题,并将其成功地应用于Job shop生产调度.采用了著名的M u th和T hom pson标准问题FT 10进行了验证.仿真结果表明,与遗传算法相比,该算法简单有效,不仅具有很好的求解性能,而且具有更快的收敛速度和全局搜索能力.     

一种求解背包问题的混合差异演化算法

为增强差异演化算法在求解背包问题时的局部搜索能力,提出拉马克-鲍德温混合差异演化算法。该算法采用双种群协同进化,以差异演化算法为主体,在演化过程中分别引入拉马克进化和鲍德温效应2种局部搜索算子,引导种群进化方向。仿真实验结果表明,该算法求解精度高,收敛速度快,能够高效求解背包问题。     

一种双种群协同进化算法在湿法炼锌过程中的应用

为了求解针铁矿法沉铁过程的多目标协调优化模型,从提高全局寻优能力和解的精度出发,提出一种基于改进全局搜索量子进化算法和局部搜索差分进化算法的双种群协同进化算法.数值仿真验证了该进化算法具有较好的收敛性和求解精度;典型工况的仿真优化结果表明了该多目标协调优化模型指导实际生产的可行性,以及所提出算法的有效性.     

基于学习的进化规划算法

提出基于学习的进化规划算法，用以改进普通进化规划算法的性能，该算法－方面通过学习种群整体的进化信息用以改善种群整体性能，具有大范围快速搜索的特点，另一方面该算法强调学习种群中个体的进化信息，单一个体以当前代的最优化个体作为学习目标，用以加大当前最优解附近的搜索力度，具有局部“细搜”的特点，该进化规划算法不仅能够加快算法的收敛速度，而且能够有效地保证种群的多样性，用该方法可求解具有多个极值点的函数优化问题，计算要仿真实验结果表明该方法是非常有效的。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。