Z向点阵增强泡沫夹芯复合材料平压性能

设计了一种新型Z向点阵增强泡沫夹芯复合材料,以复合材料柱作为Z向点阵增强材料,并对不同分布密度Z向点阵增强材料的泡沫夹芯复合材料试验件进行了平压试验,探究了其平压力学性能和破坏方式。研究结果表明,当点阵间距为30 mm时,试样密度增加了2.8%,压缩强度和压缩模量分别提高了6.2倍和7.4倍。基于ABAQUS有限元软件建立了Z向点阵增强泡沫夹芯复合材料平压试验仿真模型,对其平压力学性能和破坏模式进行了模拟与分析。试验件平压强度有限元计算结果与试验结果偏差为10%左右,破坏方式与试验基本相同,验证了有限元模型的合理性和可靠性。     

纤维缝合结构对夹芯结构复合材料力学性能的影响

通过RTM工艺成型了点阵增强夹芯结构复合材料,研究了纤维缝合结构对复合材料平压及侧压力学性能的影响,并探索了侧向压缩载荷下夹芯结构复合材料的破坏模式。结果表明,采用纤维缝合的方式可显著提高夹芯结构复合材料的力学性能。双向增强夹芯复合材料在长度和厚度方向上的侧压强度和模量相同,单向增强的侧压强度和模量表现出方向性,且长度方向上的模量明显高于宽度方向的。     

结构参数对树脂基纤维编织复合材料折叠夹芯结构力学性能的影响

折叠夹芯结构是一种新型的复合材料夹芯结构,其结构参数对力学性能有重要的影响。文中以碳纤维和Kevlar平纹编织预浸料为芯材原料,采用热压工艺,制备了复合材料折叠夹芯结构试样。通过压缩试验得到不同条件下折叠夹芯结构在静态压缩载荷作用下的力-位移变化曲线。构建了复合材料折叠夹芯结构有限元模型,对不同结构参数复合材料折叠夹芯的力学性能进行了数值模拟分析,并将模拟结果与实验结果进行对比验证了模型的可靠性。实验及数值模拟的分析结果表明,随着芯材厚度的增加,折叠夹芯层的压缩强度呈线性增加,其破坏形式由假塑性变形逐渐向脆性破坏转化;面板对夹芯层的约束作用能够极大地提高压缩模量和强度,而且上下面板对压缩性能曲线有着不同的影响;折叠夹芯单元的高度、长度、折叠夹角等参数对其力学性能具有不同程度的影响。     

温度对缝合气凝胶夹芯复合材料面内压缩性能的影响

分别开展缝合气凝胶夹芯复合材料在不同温度下的面内压缩试验,研究材料在室温、300℃、600℃和800℃下的面内压缩力学性能,并采用微焦点工业CT扫描的方法对试样内部结构进行分析,结合有限元分析方法,探究其结构破坏机制。结果表明:在面内压缩载荷作用下,材料存在极限载荷,面板的局部屈曲、芯层的剪切破坏以及缝线柱的断裂是材料破坏的主要方式。随着温度的升高,材料的面内压缩模量和极限载荷也逐渐升高,面板破坏处的断口逐渐呈现出类似脆性的断裂。300℃、600℃和800℃下材料的面内压缩模量分别为室温的1.05倍、1.57倍和1.65倍;极限载荷分别为室温的1.14倍、1.46倍和1.67倍。室温下有限元分析结果和试验结果的对比,验证了缝合气凝胶夹芯复合材料面内压缩破坏模式的合理性。     

三维整体中空复合材料压缩性能的有限元分析

利用有限元软件ANSYS, 建立了三维整体中空复合材料结构模型, 进行压缩力学性能分析。利用该模型, 以芯材高度、 芯材密度和材料特性(弹性模量)为参数, 详细研究了其对材料压缩性能的影响, 并对其影响特征进行了分析和讨论。结果表明: 三维整体中空复合材料在受压状态下, 芯材与上下面板相接处应力最大, 最容易发生压缩破坏; 材料的压缩性能随着芯材密度、 材料弹性模量的增加而提高, 随着芯材高度的增加而下降。该研究结果可为整体中空复合材料的结构优化提供参考。      

改进V-型复合材料褶皱夹芯结构的制备及压缩性能

以改进V-型褶皱夹芯结构为研究对象,采用模压成型法制备出改进的V-型复合材料褶皱芯子,结合二次粘接工艺将复合材料层合板与褶皱芯子进行复合得到一种新型复合材料褶皱夹芯结构。利用数值模拟与试验相结合的方法,重点考察了该结构在平压载荷作用下的力学响应及其破坏机制。通过引进纤维压溃模型,对该结构的损伤演化过程进行了描述,数值模拟与试验获得的压缩应力-应变曲线吻合较好。实验研究发现,相对密度的变化不仅对该结构的力学性能产生影响,而且将直接导致该结构的破坏模式发生转变。     

缝合复合材料单向板的拉压性能

缝合复合材料改善了层合复合材料易分层的缺陷,其力学性能研究具有重要意义。建立缝合复合材料单向板的三维有限元分析模型,考虑了缝合针脚造成的纤维面内和面外弯曲,分析了纤维弯曲对拉伸和压缩性能的影响。结果表明,模型能很好预测缝合单向板拉伸和压缩性能,同时考虑纤维面内和面外弯曲对预测更为有利,纤维面内和面外弯曲是影响强度的主要因素,纤维面内弯曲对模量影响较大,而纤维面外弯曲对模量的影响可以忽略不计。     

全厚度缝合复合材料泡沫芯夹层结构力学性能研究与损伤容限评定

探索了全厚度缝合复合材料闭孔泡沫芯夹层结构低成本制造的工艺可行性及其潜在的结构效益。选用3 种夹层结构形式, 即相同材料和工艺制造的未缝合泡沫芯夹层和缝合泡沫芯夹层结构及密度相近的Nomex 蜂窝夹层结构, 完成了密度测定、三点弯曲、平面拉伸和压缩、夹层剪切、结构侧压和损伤阻抗/ 损伤容限等7 项实验研究。结果表明, 泡沫芯夹层结构缝合后, 显著提高了弯曲强度/ 质量比、弯曲刚度/ 质量比、面外拉伸和压缩强度、剪切强度和模量、侧压强度和模量、冲击后压缩(CAI) 强度和破坏应变。这种新型结构形式承载能力强、结构效率高、制造维护成本低, 可以在飞机轻质机体结构设计中采用。      

碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料方形蜂窝夹层结构水下爆炸动态响应数值模拟

基于ABAQUS有限元仿真软件,建立了不同夹芯相对密度的碳纤维增强聚合物（Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer,CFRP）复合材料方形蜂窝夹层结构在水中爆炸冲击波载荷作用下的仿真模型,分析了结构的变形过程、夹芯的压缩特性及结构的失效及破坏情况。数值模拟结果表明,CFRP复合材料蜂窝夹芯压缩量在前面板速度降至与后面板相同时达到最大; CFRP复合材料蜂窝夹芯的最大压缩量随着初始压力的增大呈先缓慢增大后快速增大的趋势,其增大趋势在夹芯接近完全压缩时又趋于缓慢; CFRP复合材料夹层结构失效随夹芯相对密度和初始压力的变化呈现不同的模式,且其防护性能优于等重的层合结构。研究结果可以为复合材料夹层结构在水中冲击波载荷防护中的应用提供参考。      

斜缝与Z-pin混合增强泡沫夹层复合材料力学性能实验研究

结合斜缝合增强和Z-pin增强2种方法, 采用混合增强方法制备泡沫夹层结构, 并对这种结构材料的平压、 平拉和剪切力学性能进行了实验研究, 考察了不同混合比例对其力学性能和破坏模式的影响。结果表明, 夹层结构中, 随着Z-pin比例的增加, 压缩强度和模量增大; 随着斜缝合比例的增加, 拉伸强度、模量以及剪切强度增大; 但不同混合增强试样的剪切模量差别不大。      

缝合参数对泡沫夹层结构复合材料力学性能的影响

采用真空辅助树脂注射(VARI)成型工艺制备不同缝合方式和缝合密度的缝合泡沫夹层复合材料, 研究缝合参数对平面拉伸、三点弯曲、芯子剪切以及滚筒剥离性能的影响。结果表明: 缝合使泡沫夹层复合材料的平面拉伸强度和芯子剪切强度明显降低, 可以改善弯曲性能并大幅提高滚筒剥离性能, 改进锁式缝合方式优于临缝式缝合方式; 适当地增加缝合行距对力学性能有一定的积极作用, 但不利于滚筒剥离性能的提高; 与未缝合泡沫夹层复合材料相比, 当缝合密度为30 mm×10 mm时, 改进锁式缝合泡沫夹层复合材料的平拉强度和芯子剪切强度分别降低了14.75%和24.79%, 弯曲强度和平均剥离强度分别提高了7.96%和80.78%。     

Fracture Toughness (Mode-I) of Para-Aramid/Phenolic Nano Preform Composites

The mode-I interlaminar toughness properties of nanostitched para-aramid/phenolic multiwall carbon nanotube composites were studied. The toughness strength of the stitched and stitched/nano composites demonstrated 40 fold and 38 fold (beam theory) increases compared to the base composites, respectively. It was found that stitching yarn type, especially prepreg para-aramid stitching yarn, was effective. On the other hand, the initiation and propagation of the G_IC values for stitched and stitched/nano composites were considerably deviated due to strengthening mechanism of the para-aramid stitch yarn in the transverse direction of the composite. The fracture toughness resistance to arrest crack propagation in the stitched/nano composite was mainly due to through-the-thickness stitching fiber bridging and pull-out, and was also due to warp and weft directional fiber bridging and multiwall carbon nanotubes. The results demonstrated that mainly stitching and some extent the nanotubes arrested the crack growth. Therefore, the stitched/nano and especially stitched para-aramid/phenolic composites showed a better damage resistance performance.     

缝合参数对复合材料T型接头拉脱承载能力的影响

利用二维平面应变模型对缝合增强试验件进行失效分析,采用内聚力模型模拟界面的破坏情况,通过在分层的上下界面加入非线性弹簧元来模拟缝线的增强作用,非线性弹簧元的力学性能(桥联律)由细观力学方法获得。有限元分析结果与试验值吻合较好。在此基础上,对缘条区的缝合增强进行缝线的材料、直径和缝合密度的参数化分析,研究各参数对T型接头拉脱承载能力的影响。结果表明:缝合可显著提高T型接头的拉脱承载能力,同时能使其在较大的加载位移下仍保持较高的承载性能。T型接头的拉脱承载能力随缝线直径和缝合密度的增大而增大,且直径和密度的影响显著。缝线的拉伸强度是影响缝线性能最主要的因素, T型接头的拉脱强度随缝线拉伸强度的升高而升高。T型接头的拉脱强度随缝线拉伸模量的降低而升高,但拉伸模量的影响较拉伸强度的影响小。      

Finite element model for compression after impact behaviour of stitched composites

A finite element (FE) model using coupling continuum shell elements and cohesive elements is proposed to simulate the compression after impact (CAI) behaviour and predict the CAI strength of stitched composites. Continuum shell elements with Hashin failure criterion exhibit the composite laminate damage behaviour; whilst cohesive elements using traction-separation law characterise the laminate interfaces. Impact-induced delamination is explicitly modelled by reducing material properties of damaged cohesive elements. Computational results have demonstrated the trend of increasing CAI strength with decreasing impact-induced delamination area. Spring elements are introduced into the model to represent through-thickness stitch thread in the composite laminates. Results in this study validate experimental finding that CAI strength is improved when stitching is incorporated into the composite structure. The proposed FE model reveals good CAI strength predictions and indicates good agreement with experimental results, making it a valuable tool for CAI strength prediction of stitched composites.     

缝合复合材料层板三维纤维弯曲模型及压缩强度预报

提出了三维纤维弯曲模型, 基于有限元法和周期性边界条件建立了缝合层板压缩强度分析方法, 采用桥联模型和最大应力判据分析损伤扩展并获得压缩强度, 预报结果与试验吻合较好。详细探讨了缝合参数对层合板压缩强度的影响规律, 结果表明: 缝合方向与表面纤维方向一致时, 较小的缝合针距和行距、较大的缝合线半径对压缩强度较为有利; 缝合方向与表面纤维方向垂直时, 较小的缝合针距和缝合线半径、较大的缝合行距对压缩强度较为有利。      

Development of Through-Thickness Reinforcement in Advanced Composites Incorporating Rigid Cellular Foams

This paper presents a method of joining carbon-fibre plies and rigid cellular foam core with stitching for producing light-weight composite structures. After resin infusion and consolidation, the stitched sandwich panel exhibits superior damage tolerance as well as improved transverse properties due to the presence of through-thickness fibre reinforcement. First part of the paper deals with the conceptual development of a multi-needle stitching machine for rigid foams. A needle penetration model for computing the penetration forces has been reported—there is a good agreement between the experimental and theoretical penetration force-displacement curves. A number of sandwich panels with orthogonal and bias stitch orientations have been developed and examined for stitch quality with the aid of X-ray tomography. The paper also presents results from quasi-static indentation, three-point bending and transverse compression tests, on both the stitched and unstitched sandwich panels.     

Effect of stitch density and stitch thread thickness on compression after impact strength and response of stitched composites

In this paper, the damage failure and behaviour of stitched composites under compression after impact (CAI) loading are experimentally investigated. This study focuses on the effect of stitch density and stitch thread thickness on the CAI strength and response of laminated composites reinforced by through-thickness stitching. Experimental findings show that stitched composites have higher CAI failure load and displacement, which corresponds to higher energy absorption during CAI damage, mainly attributed to greater energy consumption by stitch fibre rupture. The coupling relationships between CAI strength, impact energy, stitch density and stitch thread thickness are also revealed. It is understood that the effectiveness of stitching has high dependency on the applied impact energy. At low impact energy range, CAI strength is found to be solely dependent on stitch density, showing no influence of stitch thread thickness. It is however observed that stitch fibre bridging is rendered ineffective in moderately stitched laminates during compressive failure, as local buckling occurs between stitch threads, resulting in unstitched and moderately stitched laminates have similar CAI strength. The CAI strength of densely stitched laminates is much higher due to effective stitch fibre bridging and numerous stitch thread breakages. At high impact energy level, CAI strength is discovered to be intimately related to both stitch density and stitch thread thickness. Since CAI failure initiates from impact-induced delamination area, stitch fibre bridging is considerable for all specimens due to the relatively large delamination area present. Stitch threads effectively bridge the delaminated area, inhibit local buckling and suppress delamination propagation, thus leading to increased CAI strength for laminates stitched with higher stitch density and larger stitch thread thickness. Fracture mechanisms and crack bridging phenomenon, elucidated by X-ray radiography are also presented and discussed. This study reveals novel understanding on the effectiveness of stitch parameters for improving impact tolerance of stitched composites.     

缝纫层合板的本构关系研究(I)——缝纫单层板有效弹性常数分析

建立了缝纫单层板的有效弹性常数分析模型。通过考虑缝纫引起的铺层纤维的面内弯曲和非均匀分布,分析了缝纫参数(如缝纫行距、针距和缝线半径)对等效弹性常数的影响。结果表明,当缝纫方向垂直于铺层纤维方向时,随缝纫行距的减小或缝线半径的增大,纵向模量逐渐下降,而横向模量和剪切模量则逐渐提高;缝纫针距对纵向模量影响很小。