Structured information analysis for human reliability analysis of emergency tasks in nuclear power plants

Being supported by scarce empirical data, most of the performance influencing factors in human reliability analysis (HRA) have to be assessed on the basis of the analyst's knowledge on the human performance in given tasks and their context. Therefore, the outcome of HRA may only be warranted by a proper application of their knowledge based on sufficient information about the tasks and situations. However, most of the HRA methodologies, including the newly developed ones, focus on the provision of cognitive models, error mechanisms, error types and analysis method while leaving the information collection mostly in the hands of the analyst. This paper suggests structured information analysis (SIA), which helps HRA analysts in collecting and structuring such information on tasks and contexts. The SIA consists of three parts: the scenario analysis, the goal-means analysis, and the cognitive function analysis. An expert evaluation showed that this three-part information analysis allowed more expressiveness and hence more confidence on the error prediction than ASEP HRA.     

包装纸拾取器支撑系统故障分析及再设计

针对FOCKE350S条盒商标纸拾取轮总成支撑结构拾取轮易振动、商标纸拾取不可靠、双轴易弯曲变形、直线轴承磨损快的情况,从静力学和动力学的角度分析了直线轴承磨损快的根本原因;并将原来双轴单侧支撑结构改为双轴双侧支撑,采用一端固定,一端游动的支撑方式。为保证两端的导轨平行,在游动端采用偏心套来调整轴承的高度。改进后拾取可靠,轴承的受力状况也得到改善,提高了拾取轮总成运动的稳定性。     

数学软件的数据分析功能在数学建模中的应用

数据分析方法是数学建模中常用的方法，面对大量数据的各种处理，要涉及许多多元统计分析知识，是数学建模的难点。许多数学软件都提供了强大的数据处理功能，将其引入数学建模的教学中，能大大提高学生分析处理数据的能力。本文通过用数学软件的聚类分析与时间序列分析功能建立中原城市群的谱系聚类模型与货运公司申请批复的时间序列模型两个实例，说明数学软件的数据分析功能在数学建模中的应用。     

Thermal-fluid and electromagnetic coupling analysis and test of a traction motor for electric vehicles

This paper proposes a multi-phasic coupling analysis and test of a 50 kW traction motor for electric vehicles. The temperature-dependent properties of the electrical and magnetic materials of the interior permanent magnet traction motor are not negligible over a wide operation range of the vehicle. The heat produced by the electromagnetic power loss changes the motor’s properties, and in turn the motor performance changes to produce a different power loss. This two-way coupled electromagnetic and thermal-fluid analysis of the torque and speed curve and the transient thermal response at a rated operation point are simulated and compared with the traditional one-way coupling analysis. The simulation results are also compared with and proved by experiments on a prototype motor. The experimental results show that it is critical and necessary to predict the motor performance by means of the proposed two-way coupling analysis that provides more accurate information than the traditional one-way coupling analysis.     

在调整经济结构中合理地设岗配人

为利于当前各企业调整经济结构，合理地定岗定员，减人增效，搞活企业提供依据，介绍了作业分析和价值分析两种办法，使岗位、作业和定员定编，适应市场经济机制。通过测评人的素质和技能，达到人与岗位优化结合。     

Weibull probability paper used on highly stressed bimodal components

Under high stress conditions the ‘freak’ and ‘strong’ subpopulations lie very close to each other on the time scale. It is easy to ‘read’ such a time-to-failure distribution as unimodal, especially when probability paper is used. This paper puts forward Parzen'sestimator of the probability density function as a very useful method of indicating the ‘freak’ subpopulation.     

ACOLISSA: a powerful set-up for ion beam analysis of surfaces and multilayer structures

The experimental set-up for analysis of the charge of light ions scattered from surface atoms (ACOLISSA) is described in the following paper. ACOLISSA is used for determination of flight times of low-energy ions. It permits time-of-flight low energy ion scattering spectra of all scattered projectiles (TOF-LEIS-AP) as well as charge separated (TOF-LEIS-CS) spectra to be recorded. The evaluation of TOF-LEIS-AP spectra allows subsurface layers of the target to be studied. The analysis of TOF-LEIS-CS spectra together with ions only spectra (TOF-LEIS-IO) is used for investigation of the neutralization behaviour of projectiles at the outermost atomic layer. The performance of the set-up is described and, as an example, spectra are shown for a polycrystalline Cu target and a 7 Å Cu layer deposited on top of an alumina substrate.     

DAS-1动态信号分析与故障诊断系统

DAS-1动态信号分析与故障诊断系统是我们在借鉴消化吸收引进技术的基础上,对1989年推出的“CDMS 信号处理、故障诊断及振动分析系统”做大规模改进而研制成功的新一代彩色汉化系统。本文着重介绍了系统的功能和设计思想;并且从彩色汉字显示和窗口技术,多通带带通数字滤波器的设计和实现,带数字抗混滤波的离线回放分析功能,提高软件FFT 和谱分析速度和精度的方法,高精度的时间和转速测量新技术,快速转速跟踪滤波方法,三维谱阵的光标显示技术和高速模态动画显示等八个方面论述了其技术特点。     

液压剪机架刚度和强度的有限元分析

冷弯机组中液压剪受力情况复杂,借助大型有限元结构分析软件MSC.MARC,利用有限元分析的手段,对其进行了静态弹性力学结构分析,得出了变形情况与应力分布等详细、直观的分析结果,对机架结构的优化设计具有指导作用,弥补了常用材料力学简化模型分析的不足。     

Automated photoelastic analysis

Photoelastic stress analysis can be a long and tedious process. However recent and current developments in the field of automated and computer aided photoelastic analysis mean that it is becoming possible to do more complex analysis and to perform it more quickly. This paper provides a survey of these developments and the advances in polariscope design.     

并行工程在失效分析中应用的可行性及实施要素分析

根据现代失效分析所具有的整体性、综合性、客观性、时效性、社会性和法律性的基本特点,分析了在失效分析中应用“并行工程”的可行性及其实施要素,并探讨了其具体的实施方法,为达到失效分析结论“定位准确,机理清楚,模拟再现,举一反三”提供了新型的思维模式与分析方法。     

高精度目标跟踪系统地基环的力学分析

对高精度目标跟踪系统及地基环建立了结构分析模型,采用I-DEAS软件对地基环作了静 力分析,求出了系统前五阶固有频率和振型。从理论上对各振型进行了分析,分析结果表明,整个系统具有较高的固有频率,有较强的抗振性,地基环的强度和刚度能够满足要求,从而为实际工程提供了设计依据。     

Beyond patent analytics: Insights from a scientific and technological data mashup based on a case example

Although access to open and commercial digital sources is easily available thanks to the proliferation of the internet, R&D departments still face the challenge of how to analyze information from several sources. This paper addresses this issue specifically when technological and scientific information needs to be analyzed in an integrated manner. 12,577 families of patents, 2601 scientific papers and 706 news articles are combined, normalized and analyzed using their own metadata and text. A software tool is used to extract insights from semi-structured and unstructured data by means of text mining. Additionally, interactive force-directed graph visualization is employed to show the multiple relations of concepts during different time periods with regard to the entire technology ecosystem. Through a case study of 3D printing technology, this paper shows how to apply mashup and obtain the benefits, and it defines the challenges of using interactive visualization representation.     

一种检测低信噪比响应信号的广义维纳滤波方法

根据所测动态响应信号拟合系统模型时,一个重要的问题是:在低信噪比的情况下如何提高系统参数的估计精度。采用线性平均方法能适当提高信噪比,但在一般试验条件下,据此所获得的部分系统参数仍具有较大的误差。本文采用了时域广义维纳滤波方法对测取的动态信号进行预处理,以尽可能少的激励次数,从较高的背底噪声中检测出真实信号。文中还说明了适用于工程系统测试中噪声功率估计的滤波器分组方法。以悬臂梁的模态测试及分析为例,检验了该方法的有效性。试验表明,作振型分析时,因测点信号信噪比低而导致数据误差大的问题得以解决,这对实验模态分析是具有重要意义的。所完成的计算机-FFT 谱分析器信号预处理程序有很大的实用价值。     

定量金相的图象分析技术

讨论了将数字图象处理技术用于定量金相中材料组织测量分析的方法，并根据数字图象处理技术的特点和定量金相的要求，研制出了一套定量金相自动图象分析系统。根据二维截面或投影面上的图象参数去推断三维的空间图象参数，提取需要的特征信息并自动地进行处理及输出特征参数值。为理论检验、测试提供了快速、准确的定量分析手段。     

索—拱杂交结构动力反应分析

以中山大学风雨球场工程为实例,分析研究了索--拱杂交结构体系的自振特性以及结构的抗风、抗震性能。分析发现结构的自振频率呈密集型分布,结构的风荷载脉动响应十分显著,论述了索--拱杂交结构体系进行结构动力反应分析的重要性,通过分析得到了结构的风振响应系数,为结构设计提供了重要的参考资料。最后进行了结构时域内的地震反应分析,结构表现出良好的抗震性能。     

用于微电池的压电悬臂梁电特性仿真

研究了一种带质量块的压电悬臂梁结构，利用压电薄膜的正压电效应将机械能转化成电能，可以用于振动能的收集。利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对结构进行建模，通过模态分析和谐波分析得到：悬臂梁在一阶模态时上下振动，形成恰当的工作状态；通过改变梁的各个几何参数和振动源的频率，得到了悬臂梁上下电极间峰值电压的变化情况；当振动源的频率为悬臂梁的一阶共振频率时，得到的峰值电压最大。     

汽车座椅工位器具的动力学特性研究

为了提高汽车座椅工位器具的可靠性,对汽车座椅工位器具的动力学特性进行了研究。采用ANSYS有限元分析软件模拟的方法,得到了汽车座椅工位器具的模态分析、谐响应分析以及线性曲屈分析结果,从而为工位器具的振动特性分析、振动故障诊断和预报以及结构动力特性的优化设计提供依据。