Nb、Ti微合金化新型440MPa级船用钢板韧性研究

研究了某钢厂热连轧TMCP工艺14mm厚440MPa级钢板的强韧性,对微观组织进行了观察分析.试验结果表明,新型热连轧440MPa钢板具有良好的低温韧性,-40℃冲击功超过310J,韧脆转变温度低于-100℃.新型440MPa钢板良好的性能来源于低碳、Nb-Ti微合金化成分设计及TMCP工艺下获得细化的针状铁素体组织.     

极地破冰船用大线能量型高强度船板的开发

采用微合金化的设计思路,钢板成分在低C、低碳当量的基础上添加少量的Nb、Ti等微合金化元素,同时在冶炼过程中采用氧化物冶金技术,在TMCP轧制过程中采用针对低碳当量的超快冷技术,最终在成品钢板中得到低碳贝氏体+铁素体混合组织,钢板强韧性匹配良好,-60℃冲击功达到200 J以上。采用100~250 kJ/cm的线能量进行焊接后,钢板焊缝及热影响区冲击韧性良好,能够满足大线能量焊接的需要。      

低成本热轧双相钢焊接性能研究

研究了DP590低成本热轧双相钢采用合适的焊丝、焊剂及合理的焊接工艺后,钢板焊接接头的拉伸性能、冲击韧性及硬度的变化情况。证明了实验钢具有优良的抗软化能力和冷弯成型性能且淬硬倾向不明显。实验表明,开发的DP590低成本热轧双相钢焊接性能优良,适于焊接制造汽车车轮、横梁、纵梁等构件。     

Q345qNHY跨海桥梁用钢的焊接性能研究

为了评价Q345qNHY新型跨海桥梁用钢的焊接性能、为工程应用提供依据,通过拉伸、冲击、弯曲和硬度等试验方法对其对接接头的力学性能进行了研究。结果表明：采用JW-55W焊丝对Q345qNHY耐候桥梁钢进行焊接时,获得的焊接接头具有较好的拉伸性能、弯曲性能和优异的低温冲击韧性。试验采用的焊接材料和工艺参数可用于19—33mm厚度Q345qNHY钢板的平位对接。     

氧化物弥散强化高温合金MGH956的基本焊接性研究

氧化物弥散强化(ODS)高温合金MGH956是机械合金化工艺制造的氧化物弥散强化高温合金,针对MGH956材料采用电子束、氩弧焊、钎焊及扩散处理等连接工艺方法进行了基本的焊接性研究.对接头组织及接头性能进行了测试分析,三种焊接方法室温接头力学性能相当,接头强度系数均达到95%左右,氩弧焊焊缝中的气孔较多,而电子束焊焊缝中气孔相对比较少、室温塑性比较明显.从接头高温强度而言,真空钎焊工艺有明显优势.     

1Cr18Ni9Ti-20G爆炸焊接+轧制工艺研究

为了研究在不同爆炸焊接工艺条件下获得的复合板的轧制效果,本文对大波、小波、微波状3种界面的1Cr18Ni9Ti／20G复合板进行轧制实验研究．实验表明：只有用下限获得的微小波状界面的爆炸焊接复合板,才能实现成功轧制,而大波状复合板界面存在一定的缝隙、空洞等微观缺陷,在轧制时由于分层会使轧制失效．爆炸焊接 轧制工艺获得的复合板结合界面的组织、强度和性能的测试结果表明：轧制复合板结合界面的剪切和分离强度虽比爆炸态略低,但延伸率、冲击韧性都大大增强,轧制复合板的耐蚀性能也未降低．     

海军造船用两种强度级的轧制态高强度钢板

轧制态高强度低合金(HSLA)钢板同热处理的HSLA钢板相比,具有许多优点。本文对于为研制通用于对强度要求颇高的海军造船用途的两种轧制态HSLA所进行的实验室研究和生产性研究进行了探讨。研究表明,一种用微量铌、钒进行合金化的低碳钢具有强度、韧性和可焊性三者有利配合的综合性能。研究结果表明,可以生产出满足现有HSLA-80强度和冲击性能要求的轧制态HSLA-80钢板,其最大厚度为19mm左右,而可以生产的HSLA-60钢板的最大厚度约为51mm,这种轧制态HSLA钢板通常可以在不预热的条件下,用NY-80焊接材料予以焊接。     

加速冷却型屈服点36公斤力/毫米~2级造船用高强度钢板“KONTCOOL36A、36D、36E”

采用KONTC00L工艺(一种将控制轧制和加速冷却结合起来的新方法)研制出屈服强度36公斤力/毫米~2的低碳当量船体结构钢板。本工艺的形变热处理作用可以减少钢板的碳当量,并改善基体金属的韧性。KONTCOOL钢板可在不预热的情况下焊接,即使在500千焦耳/厘米这样的大线能量下焊接,焊接接头热影响区仍有令人满意的韧性。     

X65管线钢管闪光对焊工艺参数对焊接接头力学性能和缺陷的影响

利用正交试验法,研究了焊接工艺参数对X65管线钢管闪光对焊焊接接头力学性能的影响。正交试验中选择激发闪光阶段烧化量、稳定闪光阶段烧化量、稳定闪光阶段焊接电流、加速闪光阶段闪光速度作为试验因素,焊接接头抗拉强度、塑性和低温冲击韧性作为焊接工艺的评价指标,得到了最优的焊接工艺参数。接头的金相分析表明,焊接的高热输入使接头焊缝区和部分热影响区的晶粒粗化,形成魏氏组织,降低了接头的冲击韧性。刻槽锤断试验表明,灰斑缺陷内部和边缘的密集裂纹导致接头脆性解理断裂。加速闪光阶段优化的闪光速度有利于减少焊缝区内的缺陷并提高接头的力学性能。     

英国潜艇用钢及其焊接材料

综述了英国潜艇用钢及其焊接材料和工艺最新发展情况,给出了钢板产品的成分性能数据,重点介绍了Q1N钢用焊接工艺的应用情况。在钢板和焊接接头性能验收方面,英国海军采用了与美国海军一些相对不同的考核试验方法,本文对这些试验方法作了简单的介绍。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.