一种双轴直驱平台新型同步渐近跟踪控制设计

针对双轴直驱平台伺服系统中存在同步进给的问题,提出一种交叉耦合迭代学习控制器与自适应加加速度控制器相结合的新型同步控制方法。首先,构建同步误差,利用交叉耦合控制器解决双轴的耦合问题;设计自适应PD型学习律减小同步误差,实现双轴协调同步。采用模型前馈控制补偿系统的参数不确定性,提高系统的响应速度。自适应加加速度控制器抑制系统中外部扰动、摩擦力等不确定性因素,实现系统的渐近跟踪控制。加加速度积分后形成反馈控制律,保证了控制信号的稳定性和连续性。设计自适应更新律,使鲁棒增益实现指数收敛并削弱测量噪声对系统的影响,增强系统的鲁棒性。系统实验结果表明,该方法能够明显地提高系统的同步性能,改善双轴直驱平台伺服系统的控制精度。     

Double Position Servo Synchronous Drive System Based on Cross-Coupling Integrated Feedforward Control for Broacher

Synchronization errors directly deteriorate the machining accuracy of metal parts and the existed method cannot keep high synchronization precision because of external disturbances. A new double position servo synchronous driving scheme based on semi-closed-loop crosscoupling integrated feedforward control is proposed. The scheme comprises a position error cross-coupling feedforward control and a load torque identification with feedforward control. A digital integrated simulation system for the dual servo synchronous drive system is established.Using a 20 t servo broacher, performance analysis of the scheme is conducted based on this simulation system and the simulation results show that systems with traditional parallel or single control have problems when the worktable works with an unbalanced load. However, the system with proposed scheme shows good synchronous performance and positional accuracy. Broaching tests are performed and the experimental results show that the maximum dual axis synchronization error of the system is only 8 μm during acceleration and deceleration processes and the error between the actual running position and the given position is almost zero. A double position servo synchronous driving scheme is presented based on crosscoupled integrated feedforward compensation control,which can improve the synchronization precision.     

Robust tracking and distributed synchronization control of a multi-motor servomechanism with H-infinity performance

The multi-motor servomechanism (MMS) is a multi-variable, high coupling and nonlinear system, which makes the controller design challenging. In this paper, an adaptive robust H-infinity control scheme is proposed to achieve both the load tracking and multi-motor synchronization of MMS. This control scheme consists of two parts: a robust tracking controller and a distributed synchronization controller. The robust tracking controller is constructed by incorporating a neural network (NN) K-filter observer into the dynamic surface control, while the distributed synchronization controller is designed by combining the mean deviation coupling control strategy with the distributed technique. The proposed control scheme has several merits: 1) by using the mean deviation coupling synchronization control strategy, the tracking controller and the synchronization controller can be designed individually without any coupling problem; 2) the immeasurable states and unknown nonlinearities are handled by a NN K-filter observer, where the number of NN weights is largely reduced by using the minimal learning parameter technique; 3) the H-infinity performances of tracking error and synchronization error are guaranteed by introducing a robust term into the tracking controller and the synchronization controller, respectively. The stabilities of the tracking and synchronization control systems are analyzed by the Lyapunov theory. Simulation and experimental results based on a four-motor servomechanism are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Robust internal model control of servo motor based on sliding mode control approach

This paper proposes a robust internal model control (IMC) based on sliding mode control (SMC) approach for high-performance motion control of a servo motor subject to uncertainties and/or disturbances. The proposed control strategy considers not only the simplicity and intuition of the IMC-based controller for a prescribed tracking performance but also the effectiveness of the SMC scheme to guarantee the robustness of the servo system. Since the performance of the IMC-based controller can be analyzed via a SMC structure, a robust control law based on the SMC technique is introduced into the IMC scheme to decrease the sensitivity to uncertainties and enhance the resistance to disturbances. Moreover, the 2-degree-of-freedom IMC integrating the robust SMC scheme is developed to further improve the control performance. The stability is analyzed based on Lyapunov theory, and the theoretical results show that a prescribed transient tracking performance and a final tracking accuracy of the servo system can be guaranteed. Comparative simulations and experiments are investigated to verify the high performance nature of the proposed control strategy.     

多轴运动控制器研制及其在机械手上的应用

针对数控机床、机械手等系统的发展需要,设计了基于DSP的开放式运动控制器.控制器通过PCI总线与上位机通信,采用DSP和CPLD完成了运动控制功能,实现了机械手关节运动的伺服控制.考虑机械手的动力学特性,设计了单神经元自适应PID控制器,在开放式控制平台上实现了机械手的精确轨迹跟踪.试验结果表明,该系统具有良好的开放性...     

无模型控制器在气缸压力控制系统中的应用研究

气动伺服系统存在纯时延、非线性、时变等特点,传统的控制策略(如PID控制)在解决非线性系统时效果不理想,因此提出一种无模型控制算法。此方法在被控对象结构复杂、参数时变时控制效果较好。首先对气动伺服系统进行建模,建模过程包括阀口流量、比例流量阀及缸内压力建立一个二阶模型;其次设计无模型自适应控制器(Model-Free Adaptive Controller,MFAC)用于气动伺服系统压力控制;最后利用LabWindows/CVI平台进行试验验证。结果表明,针对气动伺服系统设计的无模型控制器是有效的,相比于传统PID控制有更快的响应速度和更高的控制精度。     

基于电液伺服系统的多绳缠绕式提升机浮动天轮主动调绳性能研究

在多绳缠绕式超深矿井提升机运行过程中,采用基于电液伺服系统的浮动天轮主动调绳装置,调节钢丝绳的张力。根据浮动天轮主动调绳装置的结构和原理建立阀控缸液压伺服系统的数学模型,设计了电液伺服系统的模糊自适应PID控制器,提出了一种基于模糊自适应PID控制的电液伺服系统实现浮动天轮主动调绳的控制方法,并建立了相应的数字仿真模型,以不同扰动频率的正弦函数输入模拟钢丝绳的振动,分析了液压缸的动态特性。仿真结果证明了采用模糊自适应PID控制方法的电液伺服系统浮动天轮主动调绳装置的有效性。     

基于LQR指标的直线伺服系统最优PID控制器设计

由音圈电动机驱动的直线伺服系统是实现非圆截面类零件数控车削加工的关键。基于二次型性能指标（LQR）设计了直线伺服系统的最优PID控制器。首先给出了直线伺服系统的双闭环PID控制结构，其次研究了基于二次型性能指标的数字PID参数最优整定方法。最后通过仿真实验验证了该控制方法的有效性。     

具有状态约束的电液伺服系统模型参考鲁棒自适应控制

针对电液伺服系统中的模型不确定性和状态约束问题,设计了一种模型参考鲁棒自适应控制(MRRAC)方法。将电液伺服系统的近似模型作为模型预测控制(MPC)的设计对象,在设计过程中考虑状态约束,并生成受约束的状态期望,作为后续伺服控制方法的参考指令。为了克服液压系统中的模型不确定性,基于反步法设计了鲁棒自适应控制器(RAC),实现了兼顾模型不确定性和状态约束的伺服控制。基于Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了所设计控制策略的闭环渐近稳定性,且系统所有信号均有界。仿真结果表明,控制器对于系统模型不确定性具有较强的鲁棒性,且可实现对指定状态的有效约束,充分验证了该控制策略的有效性。     

电液位置伺服系统自适应反演滑模控制

在六自由度并联运动平台运动控制中，可转化为对各个支链的运动控制，每条支链采用电液伺服运动系统。针对并联运动平台支链位置控制中存在的抗干扰和控制精度问题，提出了一种基于自适应反演滑模控制算法。该算法利用自适应控制策略，以此对系统的建模误差和外加干扰等不确定性进行估计，再结合反演滑模控制算法设计平台支链位置控制器，解决并联运动平台位置精确控制问题。仿真结果和试验表明，该控制策略能够很好的实现支链电液伺服运动快速、稳定、高精度位置控制，并对系统的外加干扰具有很强的鲁棒性和自适应性。     

热轧立辊电液伺服系统的自适应模糊控制

以热轧立辊为研究背景,针对其液压伺服系统存在的非线性、参数不确定性以及负载干扰等特点,基于模糊基函数网络提出一种自适应控制方法.首先将非线性系统线性化并将其作为已知系统,利用这部分已知的动态特性设计反馈控制使标称系统稳定.然后利用模糊基函数网络仅学习非线性系统不确定性的上界,将输出作为补偿控制器的参数,并在Lyapunov稳定意义下构造自适应控制器,该自适应控制器不仅确保了闭环系统的鲁棒性而且加快了跟踪误差的收敛速度.将该控制器应用于某热轧立辊电液位置伺服系统中进行仿真研究,结果表明,该控制器优于传统的PID控制器,可以取得较好的控制效果.     

电液马达伺服系统积分鲁棒自适应高精度位置控制

电液马达伺服系统中存在各种类型的扰动,包括参数不确定性和不确定非线性,制约着其高精度位置控制。针对电液马达伺服系统高精度位置跟踪控制,考虑系统的黏性摩擦特性以及外干扰等建模不确定性,提出了一种基于鲁棒自适应的电液马达伺服系统高精度位置控制策略。所提出的全状态控制器通过自适应对模型不确定性进行估计及前馈补偿,提高了系统的低速伺服性能;通过自适应对未建模干扰等不确定性的上界进行估计并前馈补偿,提高了系统对外干扰的鲁棒性。所设计的闭环控制器还能保证系统获得渐近跟踪性能,对比仿真验证了其可行性。     

基于LuGre模型的自适应摩擦补偿

为提高开放式伺服系统的动态性能,使其具有良好的适应能力,提出一种基于LuGre模型的自适应摩擦补偿方法.建立开放式伺服系统的动力学模型,并通过LuGre模型来描述系统的摩擦特性.考虑到摩擦模型的参数会随系统变化而发生改变,采用Backstepping方法设计自适应摩擦补偿控制器,并采用Lyapunov定理证明系统的全局渐进稳定性.通过可编程多轴控制器(Programmable multi-axis controller,PMAC)编写伺服算法实现该自适应摩擦补偿方案,并通过试验验证该方案的有效性.试验结果表明:与传统的速度加速前馈补偿相比,该自适应摩擦补偿方案在正弦运动作为输入信号时,其跟踪误差由±40 μn降低到±7 μm.采用该补偿方案能有效地抑制摩擦干扰对伺服系统的不利影响,为提高伺服系统的动态跟踪性能奠定基础.     

双缸同步提升电液系统建模和控制

以浙江大学研制的智能钢管捆成形系统为背景,针对电液提升系统的双缸同步运动问题,提出一种两级非线性控制算法.该控制器的外环级采用一个线性多输入多输出的鲁棒控制器,用于获得双缸运动同步控制所需的各缸期望负载压力;内环级采用两个基于扰动估计观测的单输入单输出液压缸非线性压力控制器,用于在有扰动情况下实现对每个提升缸期望负载压力的精确跟踪控制.实际的控制运行结果表明,该控制策略优于常规的PID控制,可以有效地实现双缸运动同步控制.     

Nonlinear adaptive robust backstepping force control of hydraulic load simulator: Theory and experiments

High performance robust force control of hydraulic load simulator with constant but unknown hydraulic parameters is considered. In contrast to the linear control based on hydraulic linearization equations, hydraulic inherent nonlinear properties and uncertainties make the conventional feedback proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control not yield to high performance requirements. Furthermore, the hydraulic system may be subjected to non-smooth and discontinuous nonlinearities due to the directional change of valve opening. In this paper, based on a nonlinear system model of hydraulic load simulator, a discontinuous projection-based nonlinear adaptive robust back-stepping controller is developed with servo valve dynamics. The proposed controller constructs a novel stable adaptive controller and adaptation laws with additional pressure dynamic related unknown parameters, which can compensate for the system nonlinearities and uncertain parameters, meanwhile a well-designed robust controller is also synthesized to dominate the model uncertainties coming from both parametric uncertainties and uncertain nonlinearities including unmodeled and ignored system dynamics. The controller theoretically guarantee a prescribed transient performance and final tracking accuracy in presence of both parametric uncertainties and uncertain nonlinearities; while achieving asymptotic output tracking in the absence of unstructured uncertainties. The implementation issues are also discussed for controller simplification. Some comparative results are obtained to verify the high-performance nature of the proposed controller.     

A hybrid intelligent controller for a twin rotor MIMO system and its hardware implementation

This paper presents a fuzzy PID control scheme with a real-valued genetic algorithm (RGA) to a setpoint control problem. The objective of this paper is to control a twin rotor MIMO system (TRMS) to move quickly and accurately to the desired attitudes, both the pitch angle and the azimuth angle in a cross-coupled condition. A fuzzy compensator is applied to the PID controller. The proposed control structure includes four PID controllers with independent inputs in 2-DOF. In order to reduce total error and control energy, all parameters of the controller are obtained by a RGA with the system performance index as a fitness function. The system performance index utilized the integral of time multiplied by the square error criterion (ITSE) to build a suitable fitness function in the RGA. A new method for RGA to solve more than 10 parameters in the control scheme is investigated. For real-time control, Xilinx Spartan II SP200 FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is employed to construct a hardware-in-the-loop system through writing VHDL on this FPGA.     

滑模控制在电液伺服力控系统中的应用与研究

针对电液伺服力控系统存在的非线性,导致系统在运动时引起多余力的问题,提出了采用滑模变结构的控制方案。通过对PID和滑模变结构控制在无扰动和有扰动情况下的仿真曲线对比,可以明显看出滑模控制明显优于PID控制。     

数控机床进给伺服系统模糊自适应PID仿真

针对传统的PID控制策略不能满足数控进给伺服系统的对控制性能要求。结合模糊控制理论,在传统PID控制基础上设计出一种基于模糊决策的模糊自适应PID控制器。运用模糊控制理论,对PID参数进行实时修改,使系统具有较好的自适应能力和较强的鲁棒性。在MATLAB环境下对进给伺服系统进行了动态仿真;仿真结果表明,模糊自适应PID控制器的控制性能远优于常规PID控制器,即使在外界干扰和系统工况发生变化时,此控制器也具有很好的快速响应特性和较强的鲁棒性。     

单神经元PID在多电机控制中的应用

本文通过对多电机同步控制的原理及其特点分析,设计了具有自学习和自适应能力的单神经元PID同步控制器,建立了单神经元PID控制规则,提出了多电机同步控制的单神经元PID学习算法。系统仿真结果表明,运用单神经元自适应PID控制器能有效实现多电机同步控制,收敛速度较快,鲁棒性较好,且抗干扰能力强。最后,基于MCF5235微控制器,通过VxWorks实时嵌入式操作系统,应用于四轴同步控制系统,结果表明单神经元自适应PID同步控制器能大大增强系统的动态性能,有效缓解负载带来的同步误差,在相同扰动情况下,该方法能更好的使多电机以一定速度同步运行。     

一类切换模糊PID控制器设计及其仿真

提出了一类高动态性能切换模糊PID控制器设计方法.通过对传统PID控制中比例控制和微分控制作用的分析,结合模糊PID控制器鲁棒性能和自适应性好的优点,设计了一类新的模糊控制器.由于该类控制器先后经历比例控制,微分控制和模糊PID控制的切换,使被控系统不仅具有一般模糊PID控制器的所具有的良好的鲁棒性能和自适应性,而且与一般模糊控制器相比具有更小的超调量和调节时间,是一类动态性能良好的控制器.最后将该控制器应用于一伺服系统进行仿真对比,并给出了Simulink仿真框图.仿真结果说明了该控制器的优越性.