磷酸的腐蚀特性及缓蚀剂(Ⅱ)

磷酸的腐蚀特性及缓蚀剂（Ⅱ）黄魁元（陕西省石油化工研究设计院，西安７１００５４）１５钛的腐蚀钛在质量分数为３０％磷酸溶液中，在常温条件下，未发现腐蚀现象温度升高，钛的腐蚀逐渐加剧，在沸腾的１０％磷酸溶液中，钛的腐蚀速率高达７６２～１０１６ｍ...     

钛矿渣粉对水泥砂浆性能的影响

研究了不同TiO2含量的钛矿渣粉对水泥砂浆强度和流动性能的影响。结果表明，钛矿渣活性随TiO2含量升高而减小；掺钛矿渣的水泥抗压强度总体随钛矿渣掺量增大而明显降低，而抗折强度较抗压强度下降幅度低，特别是后期抗折强度下降趋势明显趋缓。掺钛矿渣的水泥砂浆的流动度随掺量增大而增大，最高可提高约40％。综合来讲，钛矿渣中TiO2含量在20％以下，掺量在30％-50％，可以较好地应用于水泥中。     

钛板换热器板片失效分析

文章考察了钛板换热器的受损现象，运用扫描电镜和能谱图对受损部位进行了表征，结果表明：母材的能谱，钛为91．63％，氧为7．79％；而磨损点的能谱，钛为84．05％，氧为12．97％，与母材的成分比例比较接近。分析了钛板失效的原因，发现损伤是由于舨片之间的微动造成的磨损，同时分析了造成微动的原因并提出了预防措施。     

利用钛铂废硫酸生产工业硫酸锰

利用钛铂废硫酸生产工业硫酸锰周晓军（株洲化学工业集团公司氯分厂株洲市４１２００４）１前言硫酸法生产钛铂的过程中，每生产１ｔ钛铂约排出１０ｔ浓度为１０％～２５％的废硫酸。这些废硫酸如不回收利用，将对环境造成严重污染。在有协作条件的城市，废硫酸可用来进行...     

测定磷铁中钛的方法研究

探讨用二氨替比林甲烷不镀法测定磷铁中钛的分析方法，结果表明该方法能满足磷铁中钛含量在０．０５％－４％的测定。     

钛的特性及使用上存在的问题

钛具有优异的耐化学腐蚀性,在化学工业领域中使用已有二十多年历史了,成为化学工业中不可缺少的耐腐蚀材料之一;钛具有良好的比强度,耐疲劳强度及耐高温、低温等机械特性。但钛与其他金属一样,有它一定的适用范围,在实际使用中也存在着不少问题,今将钛的主要特性及存在问题叙述如下: 1.钛的物理特性钛的比重为4.51,约为奥氐不锈钢的60％;弹性模数为奥氐不锈钢的50％;热膨胀系数为奥氐不锈钢的50％,比电阻、导热率及比热与奥氐不锈钢大致相同。熔点达885℃时钛     

箱式压滤机在钛白粉生产中的应用

介绍了钛白粉生产中酸解渣的产生和利用情况，目前对钛白生产过程中产生的酸解废渣进行固液分离主要采用传统的稀释法，该工艺存在钛液回收率偏低和产生大量洗水的缺点。叙述了应用过滤设备的新工艺情况，利用箱式压滤机分离钛白生产酸解过程中产生的酸性残渣，结果为：钛液的回收率达91．8％，较该装置上马前提高3．6％，结果表明该装置能较完全提取残渣中钛液，提高钛白收率，同时沉降底部残渣中的钛液经分离后不会被稀释，降低残渣的含水量，便于残渣综合利用。     

关于GB／T20211-2006《烟花爆竹用钛粉》测定三酸不溶物的一点异议

采用现行国家标准GB／T 20211-2006《烟花爆竹用钛粉》测定三酸不溶物（硫酸、盐酸、硝酸）含量，结果测定值为200％-300％，而标准规定值为0．1％-1％，因而原标准方法测得的结果并不是钛粉中的杂质含量，本文通过多次实验，找到了原标准的失误之处以及测定烟花爆竹用钛粉中三酸不溶物含量的方法，并从理论上进行了解释。     

利用生产钛铂的废硫酸制硫酸锰

利用生产钛铂的废硫酸制硫酸锰周晓军（湖南株州化工厂氯分厂４１２００４）１前言硫酸法生产钛铂的过程中，每生产１ｔ钛铂约排出１０ｔ浓度为１０％～２５％的废硫酸。废硫酸可用于钢铁酸洗除锈；采用两段浓缩循环工艺，进行回收，但能耗高。用于普钙生产，则存在着除Ｆ...     

杜邦与Honeywell合作开发出高纯度钛粉生产新工艺

该新工艺生产高纯度钛粉，而不是传统的海绵钛，故可直接压制为预定的形状，使加工厂家能够更快生产钛质零部件。航空／航天工业用机器加工钛质零部件，钛材利用率目前仅为13％，而用钛粉加工，钛粉利用率可接近百分之九十。这种钛粉也可与铝、钡等金属粉末混合，加工为钛合金零部件，进一步降低制造成本。杜邦公司2006年10月开始试销这种钛粉，将其应用于制造榴弹炮、火箭机械控制系统、山地自行车链齿等钛质零部件。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。