共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 186 毫秒
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有序贵金属纳米结构由于其本身所特有的光学响应及灵活调控能力,在微纳光电子材料与器件研究领域得到了广泛应用。在众多相关研究中,如何实现金(Au)纳米周期结构的大面积快速制备是人们关心的重要问题之一。采用纳米球自组装刻蚀方法,在大孔周期结构模板内部成功制备了新型二维Au纳米阵列,并有效避免了杂散Au纳米颗粒的产生。通过进一步的工艺优化和参量控制,实现了Au纳米颗粒尺寸的灵活调控,并探讨了其结构形成的物理机理。光学测试研究结果揭示了二维Au纳米阵列的表面等离子体吸收与散射响应,并证明其在近红外飞秒脉冲激励下具有显著的双光子吸收(饱和)效应。该研究结果在太阳能电池,光开关及材料微纳制备等领域具有潜在应用。 相似文献
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与传统光学抗反射膜相比, 二维抗反射亚波长周期结构可以通过调整结构尺寸、周期等参数调节整个结构的等效折射率分布, 从而达到更好的抗光反射效果。通过基于有限元方法的电磁场全波分析方法, 对纳米球形亚波长周期结构进行了深入的分析, 研究了纳米球尺寸和周期等结构参数对反射率的影响。使用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同尺寸的二氧化硅球形纳米颗粒, 并制成密排球形颗粒样品。反射率测量实验表明该样品在可见光和红外波段具有良好的抗反射性能。并在理论计算和实验验证的基础上, 给出了一种可行的密排球形亚波长抗反射表面的设计方法。 相似文献
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针对薄膜太阳能电池硅薄膜层吸收效率较低的问题,提出了运用金属纳米粒子局域表面等离子体共振(LSPR)增强太阳能电池的吸收效率,采用时域有限差分(FDTD)法,模拟计算了太阳能电池中不同厚度的硅薄膜层吸收特性,分析了不同几何参数的矩形Ag纳米粒子与Ag背反射膜对增强太阳能电池吸收效率的影响作用。计算结果表明,硅薄膜层厚度为500nm的太阳能电池具有较高的吸收效率,通过调整Ag纳米粒子的相关参数,有效地降低了太阳电池硅薄膜表面的反射损耗,取得最大吸收增强因子为1.35。Ag背反射膜有效地降低了Ag纳米粒子硅薄膜结构的透射损耗,其最大的吸收增强因子达到1.42。 相似文献
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采用无掩模反应离子刻蚀法制备了黑硅。利用扫描电子显微镜及紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计研究了黑硅的微结构和光学特性。结果表明,黑硅微结构高度为2.0~3.5μm,径向尺寸90~400nm,间距200~610nm。在400~1 000nm光谱范围内黑硅吸收率为94%,是单晶硅的1.5倍;在1 200~1 700nm光谱范围吸收率为55%~60%,是B掺杂单晶硅的20倍。制备的黑硅的光学带隙为0.600 6eV,吸收光谱明显向红外方向偏移。 更多还原 相似文献
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以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS:Tetraethoxysilane)、氨水、乙醇(EtOH:Ethyl Alcoh01)、去离子水为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法,在普通玻璃衬底的上表面制备出一层最大粒径在400nm左右的SiO2颗粒,利用这层颗粒对可见光的散射作用,提高Si薄膜对入射可见光的吸收率。在相同的沉积条件下,分别在带有该层颗粒的玻璃和普通玻璃的E表面沉积了同样厚度的Si薄膜,制成两组样品。通过比较这两组样品在可见光波段的漫反射率和透射率以及Si薄膜样品的暗电导和定态光电导,证明该层颗粒增强了Si薄膜对入射可见光的吸收,有一定的实用前景。 相似文献
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Tristan L. Temple Darren M. Bagnall 《Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications》2013,21(4):600-611
Metal nanoparticles offer the possibility of improved light trapping in solar cells, but careful design is required to maximise scattering and minimise parasitic absorption across the wavelength range of interest. We present an analysis of the broadband scattering and absorption characteristics of spherical metal nanoparticles, optimized for either crystalline silicon (c‐Si) or amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) solar cells. A random two‐dimensional array of optimally sized Ag spheres can scatter over 97% of the AM1.5 spectrum from 400 to 1100 nm. Larger particles are required for c‐Si devices than a‐Si:H due to the increased spectral range, with optimum particle sizes ranging from 60 nm for a‐Si:H to 116 nm for c‐Si. Positioning the particles at the rear of the solar cell decreases absorption losses because these principally occur at short wavelengths. Increasing the refractive index of the surrounding medium beyond the optimum value, which is 1.0 for a‐Si:H and 1.6 for c‐Si, shifts absorption to longer wavelengths and decreases scattering at short wavelengths. Ag nanoparticles scatter more of the solar spectrum than Au, Cu or Al nanoparticles. Of these other metals, Al can only be considered for a‐Si:H applications due to high absorption in the near‐infrared, whereas Au and Cu can only be considered for the rear of c‐Si devices due to high absorption in the ultraviolet (UV) and visible. In general, we demonstrate the importance of considering the broadband optical properties of metal nanoparticles for photovoltaic applications. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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研究了散射粒子形状改变对光波在二维随机介质系统中的传输情况的影响。基于整体散射效应模型,建立了非球形粒子作为散射粒子的二维随机介质的模型。构建了模型的Maxwell方程,采用非均匀网格划分的时域有限差分(FDTD)方法解Maxwell方程,得到了TM模在非球形粒子二维随机介质模型中的传输及空间分布。采用快速傅里叶变换(FFT)对仿真获得的数据进行频谱变换,得到光波在频域上的发射谱。与以往的研究相比较,仿真结果表明,在非球形粒子系统中,光波的电场强度与球形粒子系统中电场强度随着散射粒子浓度的增加而增加不同,而是出现振荡的现象;发射谱显示,非球形粒子系统的模式竞争强于球形粒子系统,更易于实现模式选择。 相似文献
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Surface plasmon resonance of noble metal nanoparticles leads to the optical absorption enhancement effects,which have great potential applications in solar cell.By using the general numerical method of discrete dipole approximation(DDA),we study the absorption and scattering properties of two-dimensional square silver nanodisks(2D SSN)arrays on the single crystal silicon solar ceil.Based on the effective reflective index model of the single crystal silicon solar ceil,we investigate the optical enhancement absorption of light energy by varying the light incident direction,particle size,aspect ratio,and interparticle spacing of the silver nanodisks.The peak values and position of the optical extinction spectra of the 2D square arrays of noble metal nanodisks are obtained with the different array structures. 相似文献
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Andrej ampa Olindo Isabella Rob van Erven Patrick Peeters Herman Borg Janez Kr
Marko Topi
Miro Zeman 《Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications》2010,18(3):160-167
Optical analysis of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) solar cells with a periodic texture applied to the interfaces was carried out by two‐dimensional optical simulator. The optical simulator solves the electromagnetic wave equations by means of finite element method using triangular elements for the discretization of space. The periodic texture with rectangular‐like shape acts as a diffraction grating which scatters light into selective angles and thus gives a potential for significant prolongation of optical paths in thin absorber layers of the cells. Optimization of the geometrical parameters (period, height and duty‐cycle) of the periodic texture was carried out in order to obtain the highest photocurrent from a‐Si:H solar cells. The a‐Si:H solar cell with the optimal periodic texture parameters (period of 300 nm, height of 300 nm and duty cycle of 50%) and the absorber layer thickness of 300 nm generates up to 35% more photocurrent in comparison to the cell with flat interfaces. The optical analysis demonstrates that the optimal periodic texture in the a‐Si:H solar cell results in the best trade‐off between the antireflection effect at front interfaces, light scattering efficiency and the absorption losses at realistic metal back contact. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Andrea Ingenito Olindo Isabella Miro Zeman 《Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications》2015,23(11):1649-1659
The front‐side reflection represents a significant optical loss in solar cells. One way to minimize this optical loss is to nano‐texture the front surface. Although nano‐textured surfaces have shown a broad‐band anti‐reflective effect, their light scattering and surface passivation properties are found to be generally worse than those of standard micro‐textured surfaces. To overcome these setbacks in crystalline silicon solar cells, advanced texturing and passivation approaches are here presented. In the first approach, we propose a modulated surface texture by superimposing nano‐cones on micro‐pyramidal surface texture. This advanced texture applied at the front side of crystalline silicon wafers completely suppresses the reflection in a broad wavelength range from 300 nm up to 1000 nm and efficiently scatters light up to 1200 nm. In the second approach, we show a method to minimize recombination at nano‐textured surfaces by using defect‐removal etching followed by dry thermal oxidation. These two approaches are applied here in an interdigitated back‐contacted crystalline silicon solar cell and result in decoupling of the interplay between the mechanisms behind short‐circuit current density and open‐circuit voltage. The device exhibits a conversion efficiency equal to 19.8%, record external quantum efficiency (78%) at short wavelengths (300 nm), and electrical performance equal to the performance of the reference interdigitated back‐contacted device based on front‐side micro‐pyramids. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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气溶胶是大气电磁环境中的重要组成部分,气溶胶粒子的光学特性是研究红外遥感、目标探测等激光传输特性的一个关键问题。依据粒子电磁散射理论,利用离散偶极子近似方法对不同形状、不同成分气溶胶粒子的光学特性进行计算,得到气溶胶粒子散射截面、吸收截面及不对称因子等光学特征量在0.71~11μm波段的数值结果。结果显示:入射光波长、气溶胶粒子折射率及气溶胶粒子形状是影响气溶胶粒子光学特性的主要因素。散射截面、吸收截面及不对称因子等光学特征量的数值结果也为研究气溶胶中红外激光的传输特性提供了参考依据和计算方法。 相似文献