NiAl基多相金属间化合物在LiCl-Li2O熔盐中的腐蚀行为

利用浸没法腐蚀实验研究了NiAl-28Cr-5．8Mo-0．2Hf和Ni-25A1-15Cr合金在750℃下，LiCl-10wt％Li2O熔盐中的腐蚀行为。实验结果表明：NiAl-28Cr-5．8Mo-0．2Hf和Ni-25A1-15Cr两种合金在750℃，LiCl-10wt％Li2O熔盐中的腐蚀产物都为LiCrO2、LiAlO2，NiAl-28Cr-5．8Mo-0．2Hf合金的耐蚀性能优于Ni-25Al-15Cr合金，主要是由于NiAl-28Cr-5、8Mo-0．2Hf合金两相里的NiAl(β）相的腐蚀滞后于Cr(Mo)相的腐蚀。在此种熔盐腐蚀环境下，两种合金形成的腐蚀层都是非保持性的，因此腐蚀动力学曲线呈直线。     

Ti含量对NiAl-Cr(Mo)共晶合金凝固组织的影响

添加Ti降低了NiAl-Cr(Mo)共晶合金凝固过程中NiAl/Cr(Mo)共晶生长速度,导致NiAl/Cr(Mo)胞状共晶组织的粗化,并因合金偏离共晶成分而促进先共晶NiAl相的形成.在添加Ti的NiAl-Cr(Mo)共晶合金中,Ti主要分布在基体NiAl相中.随着Ti含量的提高,过饱和的NiAl(Ti)基体发生分解,促进了Ni2AlTi相的形成,并且NiAl/Cr(Mo)胞状共晶组织发生退化.Ni-33Al-28Cr-3Mo-5Ti共晶合金的NiAl基体中析出细小的Cr(Mo)相,Cr(Mo)共晶相中析出细小的NiAl相.     

液态金属冷却工艺对NiAl-Cr(Mo)-Hf(Ho)定向合金组织的影响

用液态金属冷却技术(LMC)和传统的定向凝固技术(HRS)制备了名义成分为Ni-33Al-31Cr-2.9Mo-0.1Hf-0.05Ho(%,原子分数)的定向合金,研究了制备工艺对其组织的影响.结果表明,合金由初生NiAl枝晶、NiAl/Cr(Mo)共晶胞和少量Hf同溶体组成.与HRS工艺相比,LMC工艺能提高同液前沿温度梯度和冷却速度.较高的固液前沿温度梯度扩大了NiAl/Cr(Mo)共晶共生区成分范围,减少初生NiAl枝晶的体积分数.而较高的冷却速度抑制固溶元素扩散,细化定向合金的组织,增加合金中固溶元素总量.另外,LMC工艺能避免HRS工艺中产生的生长缺陷,包括斑点,NiAl一次枝晶的偏转和NiAl一次枝晶的不连续.     

定向凝固NiAl-Cr(Mo,Hf)合金的显微组织及力学性能研究

运用Bridgman技术制备了定向凝固NiAL-28Cr－5.5Mo-0.5Hf合金,利用扫措电镜和透射电镜 合金的显微组织,制备态合金是由NiAl、Cr(Mo）和不边疆的网状Heusler(Ni2AlHf0相组成,细小弥散的方型G相与Ni2AlHf相相伴分布在NiAl和Cr(Mo）相界附近,分析和推测了G相和Ni2AlHf相聚集生长的原因,HIP处理后,NiAl和Cr(Mo）相界上的网状Heusler相减少,G相消失,还研究了合金室温至高温下的压缩性能和高温拉伸行为,分析了合金性能提高的原因。     

多相NiAl-Cr合金的微观组织和韧脆转变行为的研究

研究了NiAl-25Cr合金微观组织和韧脆转变行为.NiAl-25Cr合金的铸态组织为β-Ni(Al,Cr),γ'-Ni3(Al,Cr)和α-Cr三相组成,挤压后沿着挤压方向共晶区被显著拉长、变直,共晶区之间并列平行排列.经挤压变形后材料为完全再结晶的细小等轴晶,晶粒大小约3～5μm.韧脆转变温度明显依赖于应变速率,应变速率提高2个数量级,韧脆转变温度(BDTT)相应提高80K.在BDTT以下,断口形貌以β/γ'解理为主,而在BDTT以上,断口形貌出现大量的裂纹,表明合金的韧脆转变后的塑性变形由相界强度所控制.     

X80管线钢埋弧焊接头冲击韧性及其断口形貌分析

对X80管线钢埋弧焊焊接接头进行了-80～20℃温度范围的夏比冲击实验。测试了其冲击吸收功和脆性断面率,用扫描电镜观察了其断口形貌,分析了焊接接头断裂形式和断口形貌,讨论了焊接接头的韧脆转变温度和冲击断裂的力学行为。结果表明,室温时断口为韧窝状分布,焊接接头的韧脆转变温度为-28℃;断口形貌由韧性断裂向脆性断裂转变,断口主要表现为解理断裂。     

Nb、Cr和Mo对新型β/γ-TiAl合金组织与相变的影响

为了研究TiAl合金中β相稳定元素对显微组织及相变温度的影响,本文在Ti-43Al合金的基础上,通过单独与复合添加Nb、Cr、Mo 3种合金元素,获得了新型β/γ-TiAl合金,并系统研究了3种元素的作用规律.结果发现:Nb促使合金形成片层结构,Cr、Mo使合金分别形成近γ组织和针状魏氏组织;3种元素对β相的稳定能力为Mo>Nb>Cr;复合添加Nb、Cr、Mo元素对β相的稳定作用比单一添加更为显著;3种不同元素对α+β+γ三相区范围有显著影响,对α2+γ→α转变的共析温度(te)影响较大,而对γ→α的转变温度(tα)影响较小,Ti-43Al-4Nb-2Mo-0.2B合金的α+β+γ三相区最窄约为15℃,而Ti-43Al-6Nb-0.2B合金的α+β+γ三相区最宽约为95℃,Ti-43Al-4Nb-1Cr-1Mo-0.2B合金的α+β+γ三相区为55℃.     

Ni—20Cr—10Mo—10Co高温合金的相分析

Ni-20Cr-10Mo-10Co高温合金是以碳化物为主要强化相的一种铸造高温合金,用X射线衍射与扫描电镜的背散射象及能谱分析确定了该合金的相组成,即基体为Ni-Mo-Cr-Co的固溶体,及（Cr,Mo,Co,Ni)(23C6和（Mo,Cr,Co,Ni)6C两种碳化物。     

Fe43Cr16Mo16C18B5Y2大块非晶合金的晶化行为及力学性能研究

采用铜模吸铸法制备出Fe43Cr16Mo16C18B5Y2块体非晶合金,并用XRD、SEM、DSC、硬度和压痕实验分别研究了该合金的结构、压缩断口形貌、晶化特征、硬度和断裂韧度.由热分析曲线得到玻璃转变温度(Tg)、晶化起始温度(Tx)和晶化峰值温度(Tp),这些特征温度具有明显的动力学效应.用Kissinger方法计算出不同升温速率下该Fe基块体非晶合金的玻璃转变激活能Eg、晶化激活能Ex、激活能Ep,结果表明该合金具有较高的热稳定性.力学实验结果表明,该块体非晶合金的硬度高达1178kg/mm2,断裂韧度为7.614MPa·m1/2,呈典型的脆性断裂,通过压缩断口形貌的观察发现该块体非晶合金的断裂呈现剪切断裂模式.     

Ti-10Mo-XNb合金铸态组织和机械性能的研究

为了研究Nb元素对Ti-10Mo合金组织和性能的影响,采用钨电极熔化、离心浇注工艺制备了4种钛合金(Ti-10Mo-XNb,X=0,3,7,10),分析并测试了Nb元素对Ti-10Mo合金铸态组织和力学性能的影响.研究结果表明:随着Nb含量的增加,3种Ti-Mo-Nb合金的铸态组织和相组成发生了改变,Ti-10Mo-3Nb合金由等轴的α+β晶粒组成,Ti-10Mo-7Nb合金由等轴的β晶粒组成,Ti-10Mo-10Nb合金由少量等轴和大量枝状的β晶粒组成.另外,随着Nb含量的增加,3种Ti-Mo-Nb合金的维氏硬度、压缩强度、弹性模量降低,压缩率和抗弯强度升高,压缩断口和弯曲断口由脆性断裂向韧性断裂转变.Ti-Mo-Nb合金有望成为新型的生物医用材料.     

Mechanical Properties of DS NiAl/Cr(Mo) Alloys with Low Addition of Hf for High-temperature Applications

1.IntroductionAs a new type of structural materials based on the B2intermetallics,NiAl offers superior characteristics,suchas low density,high melting point and excellent oxida-tion resistance at high temperature[1].However,the poorfracture toughness at ambient temperature and low creepstrength at elevated temperature limit their applicationcurrently.Although the creep strength has been sig-nificantly improved by precipitation strengthening[2]orforming a particulate composite[3],and ductility…     

Tensile Properties and Microstructure of DS NiAl—28Cr—5.8Mo—0.2Hf Alloy

A multiphase alloy NiAl-28Cr-5.8Mo-0.2Hf was directionally solidified in Ar atmosphere in an Al2O3-SiO2 mold by standard Bridgman method.The fracture toughness and tensile properties at 980℃ as well as tensile creep at 1050℃ were studied .It was found that the strength of the present alloy is higher that of many NiAl-based alloy and the stress exponent n for creep is about 6.69.Then the possible strengthening and creep mechanism are also discussed.     

Effect of Ho on the microstructure and compressive properties of NiAl-based eutectic alloy

The effect of various holmium content on the microstructure and compressive behavior of NiAl-28Cr-6Mo-0.15Hf eutectic alloy has been investigated by using combination of SEM, TEM and compression test. The results suggest that appropriate Ho addition improves the compressive ductility at room temperature and the high temperature strength at 1273 K of the alloy significantly. In addition, lamellar microstructure inside of eutectic cell and eutectic cell get refinement gradually, but the intercellular region become coarse, with increase of Ho content. Furthermore, Ni₂Al₃Ho phase, with hexagonal crystal structure, is observed in the alloy.     

Effect of Nb on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cast NiAl-Cr（Mo） Eutectic Alloy

The microstructure and mechanical behaviors of NiAl-28Cr-5Mo-1Nb eutectic alloy were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and compression tests, respectively. The alloy is mainly composed of three phases, which are the gray lamellar Cr（Mo） plate, black NiAI matrix and semicontinuously distributed Cr2Nb-type Laves phase. Through Nb addition, NiAl-Cr（Mo）/Nb alloy exhibits a reasonable balance of high temperature strength and room temperature compression ductility and its mechanical behaviors are superior to the NiAl-28Cr-6Mo eutectic alloy at all temperature. The elevated temperature compression deformation behavior of NiAl-Cr（Mo）/Nb alloy can be properly described by power-law equation.the National High Technology Committee of China （No. 863-715-005-0030） for financial supports.     

Effect of 0.1 wt pct Dy Addition on Morphology and Compressive Behavior of Cast NiA1-28Cr-5.SMo-0.2Hf

Effect of 0.1 wt pct Dy addition on microstructure and compressive behavior of NiAl-28Cr-5.8Mo-0.2 Hf eutectic alloy was investigated. The results showed that remarkable lamellar refinement can be achieved with the addition of 0.1 wt pct Dy. The Dy addition results in the decrease in Young＇s modulus of alloy and the.enhancement of the compressive strength and ductility of alloy at all testing temperatures. The lamellar refinement, the increased dislocation networks located at the interfaces of NiAl/Cr（Mo） and the strengthening of cell boundary are benefical to the improvement of compressive properties of the alloy.     

Effect of 0.1 wt pct Dy Addition on Morphology and Compressive Behavior of Cast NiAl-28Cr-5.8Mo-0.2Hf

Effect of 0.1 wt pct Dy addition on microstructure and compressive behavior of NiAI-28Cr-5.8Mo-0.2 Hf eutectic alloy was investigated. The results showed that remarkable lamellar refinement can be achieved with the addition of 0.1 wt pct Dy. The Dy addition results in the decrease in Young's modulus of alloy and the. enhancement of the compressive strength and ductility of alloy at all testing temperatures. The lamellar refinement, the increased dislocation networks located at the interfaces of NiAI/Cr(Mo) and the strengthening of cell boundary are benefical to the improvement of compressive properties of the alloy.     

Effect of overheating treatment on the microstructure of NiAl-based alloy

The effect of melt overheating treatment on the microstructure of the alloy NiAl-28Cr-5.9Mo-0.1Hf(at.%)-0.05Ho(wt.%) has been investigated. Overheating treatment resulted in the decrease of the amount of primary NiAl from 12% in the normal sample to 8% in the overheated sample and in the refinement of NiAl/Cr(Mo) lamellar. The size of eutectic cell was increased from 37 μm to 63 μm after the treatment. Another significant change of the microstructure was the morphological instability of precipitates: the morphology of Cr(Mo) precipitates in primary NiAl was dendritic in the normal alloy but was cubic/spherical in the overheated alloy. The mechanisms responsible for these changes were discussed.     

立方织构Ni-Cr-Mo-W合金薄带及其性能

为了得到高份额立方织构金属基带,同时兼顾居里温度和屈服强度的要求,设计了Ni-7.8%Cr-1.1%Mo-1.6%W(原子分数)合金。采用冷坩埚悬浮熔炼技术冶炼合金铸锭,铸锭经过锻造、热轧、冷轧和再结晶退火,最终得到厚度为100μm的合金薄带。采用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术对合金薄带再结晶织构进行了表征,并研究了其磁性能及力学性能。结果表明:经大变形量冷轧和优化的两步法退火后Ni-7.8%Cr-1.1%Mo-1.6%W合金薄带立方织构份额为93.4%,小角晶界体积分数为84.5%;合金薄带的居里温度为25K,远低于77K;合金薄带室温下的屈服强度为182 MPa,与Ni-5%W合金相当,且抗拉性能十分优异。     

Precipitation behavior of Heusler phase (Ni2AlHf) in multiphase NiAl alloy

Precipitation behavior of Heusler phase (Ni₂AlHf) in a directionally solidified (DS) NiAl- 28Cr-5Mo-1Hf (at.%) alloy was examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). In the as-cast alloy, the Ni₂AlHf phase generally appeared on the NiAl/Cr(Mo) interface, which degraded the NiAl/Cr(Mo) eutectic structure. In the heat-treated alloy, the density of the intercellular Ni₂AlHf phase was slightly reduced. In addition, the spherical Ni₂AlHf phase precipitated heterogeneously in the NiAl matrix, but the Ni₂AlHf phase did not precipitate in the lamellar Cr(Mo) phase. The precipitation behavior of the Ni₂AlHf phase could be explained in terms of the interfacial energy. A lattice model was also proposed to explain the NiAl↔Ni₂AlHf phase transformation.     

Compressive properties of high-pressure die cast IP 75 alloy with strengthening Laves phase

The NiAl-2Ta-7.5Cr-0.5Nb alloys (IP 75 alloy) were prepared by high-pressure die cast (HPDC), and tested for compressible strength and fracture behavior in the temperature range 300-1373 K. The fine structures with a homogeneous distribution of Laves phase at the boundary regions created by high-pressure die cast led to improvements in both the compressible yield strength and fracture strain. The high temperature (1373 K) 0.2% compressible yield strength of the HDC IP 75 alloy (160 MPa) is larger than that of the IP 75 alloys prepared by other processes. The room-temperature compressible fracture strain of the HDC IP 75 (14%) is also superior to the IP 75 alloy (5%) prepared by an ingot-casting process. The effects of size refinement and the more homogenous distribution of Laves phase and the formation of a ductile Cr-rich phase due to a rapid solidification contribute to the increments of the compressible yield strength and the fracture strain of the HPDC alloy.