小镗床加工大中心距平行孔

我们作了一套简单的通用胎具,在小镗床上成功地加工了图1所示零件。考虑到一般此类零件孔与底板的平行度要求不高,故底板可不加工,其胎具结构和装夹方法如图2所示。滑板和滑道毛坯用铸铁或用型钢组焊而成。加工时滑板的下平面的平面度、滑道上、下平面的平面     

周向波度密封环预变形平面研磨加工中的变形分析

端面周向波度密封是一种非接触机械密封,它具有泄漏低、刚度大和寿命长等优点,在核主泵和透平机械等旋转机械密封中有很好的应用前景。周向波度密封环端面面形非常复杂,加工极为困难。提出一种周向波度密封环的预变形平面研磨加工方法,并对其中最为关键的预变形过程进行了分析。通过对预变形过程中密封环变形特性的有限元分析,揭示了预紧力和密封环端面变形的关系,通过周期性反向扭矩的作用获得了满足要求的表面预变形。通过预变形夹具的研制和平面研磨工艺研究,完成了周向波度密封环的加工,证明了预变形平面研磨加工方法加工周向波度密封环的可行性。     

龙门铣加工平面的误差分析及解决方法

在精加工一个要求高的零件平面时,发现平面度精度超差,不能保证客户要求的加工精度,故而组织有关人员对加工设备和已加工平面的误差进行检测和分析.透过机床某项精度(立铣头轴线Z轴对工作台运动X轴的垂直度)超差的表面现象,建立数学模型,进行数学计算,从而找出引起误差的真正原因,很好地验证并指导工人用正确方法加工平面度要求特别高...     

辅助粘接方法加工薄板类工件研究

在生产实践过程中,如何能够稳定地保证薄板工件两大端面的加工精度,一直是个技术难题。提出了一种辅助粘接方法,利用该方法加工了薄板工件的两大端面,加工后工件的表面粗糙度、平面度、平行度达到了图纸和工艺要求。     

用凸面研磨工具研磨加工平面

在机械制造和长度计量器具的修理中,经常采用手工研磨方法来获得较高精度的平面度和表面粗糙度,我在工作实践中体会到:无论采用湿研法还是干研法,研磨加工高精度平面时,用平板或研磨器加工出的平面均为凸形,很难达到理想平面度要求,具体原因如下:     

空压机薄板类零件的磨削加工问题探究

为了减少薄板件磨削加工过程中磨削热和避免磨削烧伤,论文通过改善磨削加工工艺方法,使薄板件具有良好的表面质量和平面度。通过最小区域法的交叉准则对工件平面度进行测量,分析改进前后的薄板件的平面度。     

一种铣大平面夹具的设计

设计了一种新型夹具,在普通铣床上加工大平面平面度好,加工面积增大;更适宜加工一面为异型面的平面,拓展普铣功能,节约加工成本.     

超精密铣削加工平面产生的误差分析

伴随着我国现代化工业的不断发展,对于超精密工件的铣削加工平面度也提出了更高的要求,本文将从工艺系统刚度以及飞刀铣削过程展开分析,对铣削加工平面所产生的误差进行深入性了解,希望可以更好地认识到平面误差出现的原因所在,想办法去调整铣削加工的平面度。     

间环装夹加工的改进

加工间环时,小立车传统装夹工艺需要先用4卡爪抓外圆车上平面和内孔,再翻面绷内孔车上平面和外圆。加工期间更换装夹方式会影响产品内孔外圆和平面的平面度与平行度,因此通过改进简化装夹加工工艺来提高工效,以保证加工质量。     

精密硬车加工轴承套圈的表面完整性试验研究

针对磨削加工中套圈精密加工存在的不足,进行精密硬车削加工轴承套圈新工艺的开发,通过加工试验分析了精密硬车加工轴承套圈的表面完整性,探究了基准面平面度、刀具磨损量等工艺参数与加工精度的对应关系。基于精密硬车削套圈试样的表面粗糙度、沟道圆度、显微硬度、热损伤、金相组织、残余应力分布、加工效率等方面的研究,得出了精密硬车削可达到磨削加工精度的结论,且金相组织稳定,不易存在热损伤,具有可控的残余应力分布和较高的加工效率,有利于产业化生产高精密轴承。利用磁性卡盘装夹套圈,分析试样基准面平面度对精密硬车削套圈沟道圆度的影响,发现提高基准面平面度可以有效提高加工套圈的沟道圆度;分析了刀具磨损对硬车削套圈加工精度的影响,得出在精密加工阶段刀具磨损量是控制套圈圆度的重要监控工艺参数的结论。     

钛合金高速铣削表面完整性研究

研究了钛合金TC4的高速铣削。着重讨论了高速铣削钛合金TC4已加工表面完整性的问题,重点研究了表面粗糙度、表面变质层等因素对表面完整性的影响。研究结果表明,切削速度在v=200～350m/min范围,钛合金TC4高速铣削获得的加工表面完整性较好。     

Modeling and controlling of surface micro-topography feature in micro-ball-end milling

The machined surface micro-topography has a great influence on the surface quality and the surface function. A simulation algorithm of machined surface topography is present in this paper, in which the influence of the tool vibration is considered. From the overall surface texture formation, surface texture interval, surface texture height, and surface texture direction, the geometric characteristics of surface micro-topography in micro-milling was defined and investigated. The influence of process parameters, especially the initial phase angle of cutter and the tool vibration, on the geometric characteristics of surface micro-topography is investigated, and the method to control the process parameter is proposed. Especially, this paper presents a novel method, through the planning of noncutting tool path, to control the initial phase angle of cutter which has significant effect on surface topography. The experiments shows that the control deviation of the surface texture direction is less than 2°, and the machined surface topography consistent with the simulation result, which means that the modeling and controlling of surface topography is feasible and effective.     

等残留轨迹规划方法在高速加工中的应用研究

在数控加工中,加工轨迹规划方法直接影响到加工的效率及质量,尤其在高速加工中轨迹规划方法合理的选择关系到加工的成败.本文对等残留轨迹方法与等参数线轨迹规划方法的在高速加工中加工效率和加工后表面残留高度进行了分析比较,探讨了两种方法加工效率和表面质量与自由曲面曲率的关系.结果表明等残留高度法能根据自由曲面状况,不同程度的提高加工效率及表面质量,并与曲面曲率具有较大的相关性.     

超声振动精密深孔镗削试验研究

通过超声振动深孔镗削试验,研究了超声振动镗削时切削速度、进给量和背吃刀量对加工精度和表面粗糙度的影响规律,分析了精密深孔超声振动镗削时的切削机制.     

An Integrated Model of a Fixture-Workpiece System for Surface Quality Prediction

Surface quality is a major factor affecting the performance of a component. The machined surface quality is strongly influenced by the external loads during the fixturing and machining processes. In machining process development, it is highly desirable to predict the quality of a machined surface. For this purpose, an integrated finite element analysis (FEA) model of the entire fixture–workpiece system is developed to investigate the influence of clamping preload and machining force on the surface quality of the machined workpiece. The effects of fixture and machine table compliance (from experimental data), and the workpiece and its locators/clamps contact interaction, and forced vibration, on the machined surface quality are taken into account. This simulation model provides a better understanding of the causes of surface error and a more realistic prediction of the machined surface quality. The deck face of a V-type engine block subjected to fixture clamping and a face milling operation is given as an example. A comparison between the simulation result and experimental data shows a reasonable agreement.     

A Novel Method of Efficient Machining Error Compensation Based on NURBS Surface Control Points Reconstruction

A novel method to improve the efficiency of error compensation in free-form surface machining based on the Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS) surface control points reconstruction is proposed in this article. With the presented method, a relatively small number of inspection points are needed to be measured for error compensation. The machined surface is obtained by reconstructing the control points of the designed surface based on the on-machine measurement data. The machining error of the surface is obtained by calculating the difference between the machined surface and the designed one. Then a compensate surface is achieved using the mirror symmetry model and surface modification method to compensate the machining error. Experimental validation for the milling of a NURBS surface shows that the machining accuracy of the surface is improved by 62.57% through use of the proposed method.     

难加工材料干切削表面粗糙度试验研究

针对难加工材料干切削的加工质量问题,应用正交试验法,找出了影响难加工材料干切削表面粗糙度的主要因素。同时,初步探讨了加工前表面粗糙度和加工后表面粗糙度的关系。试验证明:该方法能够保证难加工材料的切削质量和达到切削参数优选的目的,对实际生产具有指导意义。     

SiCp/Al多相材料的切削加工

SiCp/Al是具有优良物理、机械性能的难加工多相材料。为解决加工SiCp/Al材料时刀具磨损快、表面质量差的问题,通过对SiCp/Al切削表面形成机理及刀具磨（破）损机理的分析,采用常规硬质合金刀具材料设计了加工SiCp/Al的新型引导光整刀具,并用传统工艺设备进行了切削试验。结果表明,新型刀具可显著提高刀具耐用度和加工表面质量。     

PCD刀具超精切削表面质量的研究

用人造聚晶金刚石 (PCD)和天然单晶金刚石 (SPD)刀具对无氧铜材料进行了切削试验 ,对加工表面质量进行了检测和分析。结果表明 :两种刀具在超精切削中获得的加工表面质量具有相似性 ,因此PCD刀具在一定程度上可替代SPD刀具进行超精切削加工。     

Evaluation of surface roughness based on monochromatic speckle correlation using image processing

The measurement of roughness on machined surfaces is of great importance for manufacturing industries as the roughness of a surface has a considerable influence on its quality and function of products. In this paper, an experimental approach for surface roughness measurement based on the coherent speckle scattering pattern caused by a laser beam on the machined surfaces (grinding and milling) is presented. Speckle is the random pattern of bright and dark regions that is observed when a surface is illuminated with a highly or partially coherent light beam. When the illuminating beam is reflected from a surface, the optical path difference between various wavelets with different wavelength would result in interference showing up as a granular pattern of intensity termed as speckle. The properties of this speckle pattern are used for estimation/quantification of roughness parameters. For measurement of surface roughness, initially the speckle patterns formed are filtered in the spatial frequency domain. The optical technique, namely spectral speckle correlation (autocorrelation) is utilized in this work for the measurement of roughness on machined surfaces. It has been observed that the pattern formed is dependent on the roughness of the illuminated surface. For example, a rough surface (milled) shows a small central bright region with a rapid decrease in intensity towards the edges, while a smooth surface (ground) shows a large central bright region with gradually decreasing intensity towards the edges. The complete methodology and analysis for quantification/estimation of surface finish of milled and ground surfaces based on speckle images that could be implemented in practice, is presented in this paper.