基于对象图例及其拓扑关系识别的二维工程CAD图纸矢量化方法

为实现二维工程CAD图纸矢量化,提出一种基于对象图例及其拓扑关系识别的矢量化方法。该方法首先针对对象图例的几何属性,提出基于HOG(Histogram of Gradient)和SVM(Support Vector Machine)的多类对象图例分类方法,然后通过提取对象的环形分割特征识别子类对象图例,接着利用基于连通域标记方法实现对象图例拓扑关系的识别。结果表明,本文算法能够有效识别图纸中的对象及其拓扑关系,对于图纸中常见的图例线条断裂、模糊等问题具有鲁棒性。基于本文算法提取的对象几何和拓扑信息可以为后续的图纸矢量化奠定基础,相关关键技术的探索性研究对后续工程图纸矢量化研究具有一定启发性。     

基于Python-turtle库的程序设计图例教学法与实践

针对目前程序设计类课程对控制结构的讲解存在的问题,分析根本原因,提出基于Pythonturtle库的程序设计图例教学法,列举顺序结构、选择结构和循环结构3种控制结构,阐述图例教学法的教学要点。     

基于网络分布式窗口系统的图片绘制软件NuSlides的设计与实现

本文论述了设计和实现图片绘制软件NuSlides的主要技术问题。包括CC－NeWS窗口环境下应用软件开发的一般方法、NuSlides的功能设计和交互技术等，最后给出用NuSlides绘制的几个图例。     

一种混合型均匀拟二次曲线生成方法

提出一种新的基函数，用它来生成一种新的拟二次曲线，讨论它的性质并且给出了相应的图例。     

大规模图例的最大团问题算法分析

最大团问题是一个经典的组合优化问题,在蛋白质功能推测、竞胜标确定、视频对象分割等领域有广泛的应用。随着图例规模的增大,最大团问题求解难度增加,常规图例最大团求解算法已逐渐被大规模图例最大团求解算法取代。介绍求解大规模图例最大团问题的技术支撑点,重点总结基于大规模图例的最大团问题算法,并在大数据计算背景下对融合单层图划分方法和多层图划分方法的MapReduce框架和Spark框架进行优缺点分析。此外,比较k-core方法与k-community方法的应用场景,从算法分类的角度总结不同类型算法的优缺点,对求解大规模图例最大团问题的确定型算法进行梳理,并对代表性的求解算法在公开数据集中的表现进行对比分析。基于分析结果,指出不同算法在求解大规模图例最大团问题时需要重点关注的方面,并展望了智能优化算法、分层式深度强化学习方法、图结构相变分析技术的未来研究方向。     

基于孪生网络结构的单样本图例检测方法

针对现有深度学习方法训练难、检测慢、训练数据难以获取等问题,在图例检测问题上,提出一种新的解决方法。以高效的卷积神经网络为骨干网络,并根据图例宽高比固定、具有个体独立性等特点,使用一种新的SiameseSSD检测框架进行目标检测。该框架包含了用于特征提取的孪生网络结构子网和用于分类和回归的改良SSD子网。同时利用数据增强技术和特殊的图片配对算法训练模型,通过解决单样本问题、调整网络结构和检测方法以检测大分辨率施工图。该方法在施工图数据集上的实验结果表明,该图例检测方法是一种新的解决单样本学习任务的方法,准确率达到91.3%,检测速度达到61帧/s,相比于其他现有的目标检测方式有一定的优势,几乎能够满足实际工程的工作需求。     

一种内置Flash存储器的新型RISC结构单片机

文章介绍了一种新型ＲＩＳＣ结构单片机（ＡＶＲ ＡＴ９０Ｓ系列）瓣基本结构、系统特点和应用系统设计图例。分析了内坷多次编程存储器单片机的发展趋势。     

基于UML图组的软件性能测试

针对软件性能测试的难点一直是快速、准确地得到有效信息,并使性能评价贯穿整个开发周期.利用UML多图组合的方式来进行系统描述,以期充分利用UML的扩展来携带所需的性能信息,避免单一UML图描述系统的片面性;以消息走向为主线,采用多图组合的方式提供完整的系统架构.给出了不同角度下的UML图组合规则,主要研究了根据工作流程进行划分组合或者根据对象的状态来进行图组合两种方式,并给出了各个图例在组合中的作用以及各个图例之间的信息交互.     

Harris角点检测的C#实现及应用

用C#语言实现了Harris角点检测算法程序,并结合图例分析了该算法各种参数的设置。     

求解最大团问题的混合修复遗传算法及其在社会网络中的应用

社会网络分析是数据挖掘中与社会生活联系最紧密的热点之一,凝聚子群分析是一种典型的社会网络子结构分析方法,其中最大团结构是关系最紧密的凝聚子群,最大团问题的研究在社会网络分析中有重要意义。针对遗传算法在求解最大团问题中运行时间长、部分基准图例求解精度不高等问题,提出了一种基于混合修复策略的遗传算法MGA。MGA算法融合度修复和随机染色体修复方法并结合随机配对的精英选择、均匀块交叉和倒位变异算子,可以有效避免算法陷入局部最优,在加快收敛速度和丰富种群多样性方面有明显效果。算法在DIMACS基准图例和典型的社会网络实例上进行了测试,实验结果表明MGA算法具有较好的求解精度和较快的收敛速度。     

Do background colors improve program comprehension in the #ifdef hell?

Software-product-line engineering aims at the development of variable and reusable software systems. In practice, software product lines are often implemented with preprocessors. Preprocessor directives are easy to use, and many mature tools are available for practitioners. However, preprocessor directives have been heavily criticized in academia and even referred to as “#ifdef hell”, because they introduce threats to program comprehension and correctness. There are many voices that suggest to use other implementation techniques instead, but these voices ignore the fact that a transition from preprocessors to other languages and tools is tedious, erroneous, and expensive in practice. Instead, we and others propose to increase the readability of preprocessor directives by using background colors to highlight source code annotated with ifdef directives. In three controlled experiments with over 70 subjects in total, we evaluate whether and how background colors improve program comprehension in preprocessor-based implementations. Our results demonstrate that background colors have the potential to improve program comprehension, independently of size and programming language of the underlying product. Additionally, we found that subjects generally favor background colors. We integrate these and other findings in a tool called FeatureCommander, which facilitates program comprehension in practice and which can serve as a basis for further research.     

基于WEBGIS的农业病虫害监测系统

系统与农业病虫害相关联,结合GIS和农业病虫数据方面的信息,研究发生在安徽省两种农作物小麦和水稻上的虫病发生情况。系统的设计模式选择了B／S结构,以VS2005作为前台开发工具,以SQLServer2000数据库提供后台数据支持,利用ADO．NET技术实现系统对数据库的安全连接和访问,利用ArcGIS Server9．2提供地图显示和分析功能。介绍系统选用WEBGIS平台设计的优点,然后对系统的功能设计和模块设计进行介绍,最后对系统的预警发布模块、信息查询模块和病虫趋势图模块进行了详细的程序流程设计,实现了农业病虫害监测系统。     

How to take into account general and contextual knowledge for interactive aiding design: Towards the coupling of CSP and CBR approaches

The goal of this paper is to show how it is possible to support design decisions with two different tools relying on two kinds of knowledge: case-based reasoning operating with contextual knowledge embodied in past cases and constraint filtering that operates with general knowledge formalized using constraints. Our goals are, firstly to make an overview of existing works that analyses the various ways to associate these two kinds of aiding tools essentially in a sequential way. Secondly, we propose an approach that allows us to use them simultaneously in order to assist design decisions with these two kinds of knowledge. The paper is organized as follows. In the first section, we define the goal of the paper and recall the background of case-based reasoning and constraint filtering. In the second section, the industrial problem which led us to consider these two kinds of knowledge is presented. In the third section, an overview of the various possibilities of using these two aiding decision tools in a sequential way is drawn up. In the fourth section, we propose an approach that allows us to use both aiding decision tools in a simultaneous and iterative way according to the availability of knowledge. An example dealing with helicopter maintenance illustrates our proposals.     

Semi-automatic assembly of learning resources

Technology Enhanced Learning is a research field that has matured considerably over the last decade. Many technical solutions to support design, authoring and use of learning activities and resources have been developed. The first datasets that reflect the tracking of actual use of these tools in real-life settings are beginning to become available. In this article, we present an exploratory study that relies on these datasets to support semi-automatic assembly of learning activities and resources for specific contexts. Starting from learning designs and other online sources that describe well designed learning experiences as they were used in practice, we derive sequencing patterns that capture re-occurring patterns of activities. A semi-automatic assembly framework uses these patterns to support teachers in the design and authoring of course activities. We present a case study that integrates recommendation support for sequencing activities as well as associated resources in the LAMS learning activity environment. Results indicate that the perceived usefulness is high: both teachers with expertise in the use of learning design tools as well as teachers with no background knowledge in the area indicate that the recommendations helped them in the authoring process. In addition, they feel more confident using learning design tools when support is provided that is driven by best practice knowledge.     

Semi-automatic assembly of learning resources

Technology Enhanced Learning is a research field that has matured considerably over the last decade. Many technical solutions to support design, authoring and use of learning activities and resources have been developed. The first datasets that reflect the tracking of actual use of these tools in real-life settings are beginning to become available. In this article, we present an exploratory study that relies on these datasets to support semi-automatic assembly of learning activities and resources for specific contexts. Starting from learning designs and other online sources that describe well designed learning experiences as they were used in practice, we derive sequencing patterns that capture re-occurring patterns of activities. A semi-automatic assembly framework uses these patterns to support teachers in the design and authoring of course activities. We present a case study that integrates recommendation support for sequencing activities as well as associated resources in the LAMS learning activity environment. Results indicate that the perceived usefulness is high: both teachers with expertise in the use of learning design tools as well as teachers with no background knowledge in the area indicate that the recommendations helped them in the authoring process. In addition, they feel more confident using learning design tools when support is provided that is driven by best practice knowledge.     

推动跨领域课程之经验谈——以台湾铭传大学校订课程为例

<正>由于计算器科技的蓬勃发展并深入各专业领域中,社会对应用计算器的能力要求与日俱增。这并不局限于计算器专业背景的工作项目,因而突显了非计算器专业科系学生之计算器教育的重要性。信息教育目前在中小学阶段即开始实施,学生也拥有许多的自学渠道,因此新的本科生信息教育架构需要更进一步     

Understanding the human context in requirements elicitation

The human context within which a software system will operate is fundamental for its requirements. It may not appear to be very much related to the system, but it is very relevant in achieving its successful adoption. However, requirements engineers have usually a background in Software Engineering and are not trained to elicit this kind of information. This situation raises the need for analytical tools to deal with these features. These tools should enable collaborative work between requirements engineers, who use them in development, social practitioners, who provide the knowledge and processes underlying these tools, and the customers, who know the domain and intended application of the projects. The framework presented in this paper is based on the socio-psychological Activity Theory and its analysis of human contexts. It includes a repository of social properties and a process to perform this elicitation using it. The paper illustrates its application through a case study on the impact of a new system in the organization of a firm.     

A collaborative platform for integrating and optimising Computational Fluid Dynamics analysis requests

A Virtual Integration Platform (VIP) is described which provides support for the integration of Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis tools into an environment that supports the use of these tools in a distributed collaborative manner. The VIP has evolved through previous EU research conducted within the VRShips-ROPAX 2000 (VRShips) project and the current version discussed here was developed predominantly within the VIRTUE project but also within the SAFEDOR project. The VIP is described with respect to the support it provides to designers and analysts in co-ordinating and optimising CFD analysis requests. Two case studies are provided that illustrate the application of the VIP within HSVA: the use of a panel code for the evaluation of geometry variations in order to improve propeller efficiency, and the use of a dedicated maritime RANS code (FreSCo) to improve the wake distribution for the VIRTUE tanker. A discussion is included detailing the background, application and results from the use of the VIP within these two case studies as well as how the platform was of benefit during the development and a consideration of how it can benefit HSVA in the future.     

基于分布式的财务预算管理系统的设计与实现

采用SQLServer2000为后台工具、VB.NET为界面实现工具开发了分布式的、通用的、功能简单的、价格低廉的财务预算管理软件,使学院领导能更直观的了解财务上的费用支出,以减少不必要的支出。该系统根据从实际情况出发,科学、合理进行系统分析、分析和设计,从而使本系统完全能满足经济性、灵活性、系统性及可靠性的要求。     

Cisco客户关系管理系统的开发

从呼叫中心和客户关系管理（Customer Relationship Management,简称CRM）背景知识和发展状况入手，引入“结构化生命周期法”的系统开发思路，借助Viusal Basic和SQL Sever两种开发工具，设计了Cisco公司客户关系管理系统，着重研究了基于呼叫中心平台的数据库应用系统的开发。