新安煤矿深井软岩硐室钢管混凝土支架支护设计与应用

新安矿变电所巷道埋深约750m,属于极软岩难支护巷道。文章结合工程地质条件,采用钢管混凝土支架的复合支护技术解决变电所软岩巷道难支护问题,通过3个月的支架荷载监测和巷道变形测量表明,"Φ194mm×10mm的钢管混凝土支架+支架壁后250mm厚矸石袋"的复合支护稳定可靠,支架结构提供的支护反力大于围岩荷载,可满足巷道围岩稳定要求。     

大断面软岩斜井高强度钢管混凝土支架支护技术

查干淖尔矿主斜井泥岩段围岩变形量大,速度快,巷道支护困难,结合主斜井泥岩段膨胀性软岩的工程地质条件和围岩变形特征,并结合主斜井泥岩段的巷道围岩变形特点,设计了高强度钢管混凝土支架支护方案,其中,巷道断面采用马蹄形,钢管混凝土支架主体钢管选用194 mm×10 mm无缝钢管,充填C40钢纤维混凝土,辅助金属网支护和混凝土喷层支护。通过数值分析可知,主斜井泥岩段开挖后及时施加钢管混凝土支架支护方案,钢管混凝土支架承载能力大,能够提供强大的支护反力,限制巷道围岩向巷道空间的移动,保证巷道围岩稳定和支护结构可靠。通过巷道施工和现场监测分析可知,大断面软岩巷道高强度快速支护方案易于施工,能够维持主斜井泥岩段软岩巷道围岩的稳定。     

极软岩巷道交岔点钢管混凝土支架结构设计与应用

为解决极软岩巷道交岔点支护问题,结合钢管混凝土支架和极软岩巷道围岩的力学特性,分析了钢管混凝土支架控制极软岩巷道变形的机理。对查干淖尔一号井井底车场中3个极软岩巷道交岔点支护问题采用了工程类比法进行分析,结果认为:若能充分发挥钢管混凝土的结构优势,采用"194 mm×10 mm钢管混凝土支架+钢筋网+400 mm厚混凝土喷层"的支护方案可有效控制3个极软岩巷道交岔点的围岩变形。因此,设计了适用于极软岩巷道交岔点的钢管混凝土支架结构形式:极软岩巷道交叉点钢管混凝土支架,采用由支撑架和"C"形异形支架组成的组合结构。提出了查干淖尔煤矿井底车场3个交岔点的支护方案,并进行现场支护试验。现场支护试验证明:巷道交岔点支护2 a后,收敛量小于100 mm,巷道稳定性良好。     

钢管混凝土支架在深井巷道中的支护实验研究

为解决华丰煤矿-1100m水平风井联络巷变形持续时间长、变形量大、难支护的问题,结合巷道围岩地质条件和巷道变形破坏特征,设计了以钢管混凝土支架为主的复合支护方案:支架断面为圆形,支架主体钢管采用219mm×8mm无缝钢管,充填C40混凝土,辅助锚网喷和围岩注浆加固。而后,利用FLAC3D对支护效果进行模拟分析,结果表明:巷道支护稳定后顶底板最大移近量为90mm,两帮移近量为80mm,围岩变形得到有效控制。最后,将复合支护技术成功应用于工程现场,充分证明基于钢管混凝土支架的复合支护能够有效控制巷道围岩变形,保证巷道的长期稳定。     

极软岩返修巷道钢管混凝土支架支护方案研究

为解决北皂煤矿海域煤系地层极软岩巷道变形速度快、变形量大、难以控制的支护难题,现场实测了原始地应力,实验室测试了岩石力学参数与水理性质。根据测试结果和围岩变形特点,设计了基于钢管混凝土支架的复合支护方案:支架断面设计为圆形,主体钢管选用194mm×8mm的20#无缝钢管,内填C40混凝土,辅以金属网和400mm厚混凝土碹体支护。最后,对支架受力情况和巷道变形进行监测,结果表明基于钢管混凝土支架的复合支护结构能够有效控制巷道收敛变形,保证巷道的长期稳定。     

软岩巷道钢桁架力学性能试验及支护研究

我国煤矿深部软岩巷道大地压、强流变、大变形等问题突出,此类巷道稳定需要较大的支护力,因此提出全圆钢桁架支架支护技术。桁架采用8段双层12#工字钢构件组成,每段构件之间连接采用端头焊接390 mm×800 mm×30 mm钢板和螺栓连接,在实验室借助分步多次逐级加载、测试系统测试了全圆钢桁架支架在垂向和水平向荷载按不同比例组合作用下的极限荷载和极限变形量。试验结果表明:在均压荷载作用下,钢桁架的极限承载力为1 500 t,弹性极限压缩变形为12.18 mm;非均压荷载组合比值为0.2时,支架极限承载力为900 t,弹性极限变形为26.3 mm;极限荷载破坏方式为连接块处的错动和支架直径收缩变形破坏。与传统U型钢支架相比,钢桁架支护反力提高10倍以上。针对极软岩巷道变形规律,提出恒阻大变形锚杆索+预留变形量的一次支护,在高预紧力支护下通过恒阻装置释放变形能并形成锚网索-围岩耦合支护圈,然后采用全圆钢桁架强力二次支护,在均压下发挥钢桁架的最佳支护力学性能,其支护方式在深部大地压、强流变软岩巷道中有着广泛的应用前景。     

井下灌注式钢管混凝土支架支护技术

介绍了井下灌注式钢管混凝土支架的结构及性能,随后针对深井软岩巷道变形难以控制的问题,以鹤壁三矿三水平变电所为工程背景,结合现场考察、理论计算和现场监测等方法,提出了"锚网喷+封闭式钢管混凝土支架"的复合支护方案。结果表明:钢管混凝土支架可提供1.29MPa的支护反力,该复合支护有效地控制了软弱围岩的收敛变形,巷道支护稳定后围岩最终变形量小于80 mm,工程应用效果良好。     

钢管混凝土支架在千米深井中央泵房中的应用

为解决华丰矿-1 100 m水平中央泵房巷道变形量大、变形持续时间长的支护难题,通过现场考察对巷道变形破坏原因进行深入分析,设计了高强度钢管混凝土支架复合支护方案:支架断面采用斜墙半圆拱形,支架主体钢管选用219 mm×8 mm无缝钢管,充填C40钢纤维混凝土,辅助锚网喷支护和围岩加固注浆。现场应用表明:基于钢管混凝土支架的复合支护技术,能够有效抑制围岩向巷道空间内移动,维护巷道的长期稳定和支护结构的安全可靠。     

弱胶结软岩巷道支护体系参数优化

弱胶结软岩巷道由于胶结程度弱,完整性较差,具有来压迅速;应力扰动下,围岩变形敏感等特征。利用数值模拟方法,确定弱胶结软岩巷道锚网喷支护体系优化参数为:采用20mm×2.4m左旋无纵肋螺纹钢等强锚杆,五花形布置,锚杆间排距800 mm×600 mm。锚网联合支护施工后,喷射120mm厚的C20混凝土。监测结果表明,采用锚网喷联合支护方案,不仅能够充分调动深部地层的承载性能,还能够有效减小巷道围岩变形量,形成围岩-支护共同作用的支护体系。     

深部软岩巷道围岩支护技术研究

为有效解决深部软岩巷道围岩控制问题,针对信湖煤矿回风石门埋深大、应力高、围岩强度低的特点,在分析了信湖煤矿回风石门的围岩赋存条件、变形破坏特征以及原有支护方案已难以维持现掘巷道稳定的条件下,通过理论计算得到信湖煤矿回风石门围岩塑性区范围,从而提出了控制巷道围岩的基本理念：采用小承载体控制围岩破碎区的扩大,采用大承载体限制围岩塑性区的发展,2个承载结构共同维持巷道稳定,进而提出采用“混凝土喷射+注浆锚杆/锚索+普通锚杆/锚索”联合支护方案对新掘巷道进行支护,并结合FLAC^3D数值模拟及现场工业性试验对“混凝土喷射+注浆锚杆/锚索+普通锚杆/锚索”联合支护方案的合理性及可靠性进行验证。结果表明：信湖煤矿回风石门新掘巷道经“混凝土喷射+注浆锚杆/锚索+普通锚杆/锚索”联合支护方案支护后围岩表面变形趋于平稳,巷道顶板最大下沉量仅为36 mm,两帮移近量为67 mm,支护体与巷道围岩形成了稳定的复合承载结构,联合支护方案能够保持巷道的长期稳定,该联合支护方案可为其他类似深部软岩巷道支护提供一定参考。     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

China rare earth market review

正November 21~30,2014Due to weak demand from downstream industries,transactions of rare earth in Chinese domestic market were inactive.It was difficult to sell any rare earth products except for dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide.Suppliers lost confidence in recent market.Demand for rare earth products was soft.Consumers continued to take a wait-and-see attitude.Rare earth export market remained slow.     

Galaxy Magnets achieved the net profit of 34.02 million yuan in the first six months of 2014

正Galaxy Magnet announced its financial results for the first half of 2014 on August 14.For the first six months ended on 30 June 2014,Galaxy Magnet achieved operation income of RMB 182.3 million,up8.40% over the same period of 2013,and the net profit attributable to the shareholders of the listed company of 34.02 million yuan,increasing 35.49% over the same period of last year.Stable performance increase was led by development of new customers and application market of magnets.     

Rare Earth Application in Steel in China

<正>China has rich rare earth resources.Output of rare earth and steel in China ranks the top first in the world.However,there is still certain distance between the steel produced in China and developed countries from the point of varieties and quality.China still has to import some types of steel.Improving the quality should be emphasiZed in future development of steel industry in China.Rare earth can be used to upgrade traditional steel     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent materialindustry(continued)

<正>Developing ecological lighting source The world is facing the big problem of energy shortage today and the contradiction between economy development and environmental protection is worsened.Therefore,people are more likely to choose an ecological light source that is more energy efficient and environmental friendly.The choice provides great opportunity for the development of rare earth optical material industry in China.The concept of green lighting positions rare earth luminescent material as a leading player in illumination market.The light source of both rare earth luminescent lamp and LED lamp is ecological and energy saving.This is why     

稀散金属产业的观察与思考

分析了近年来国内外稀散金属产业的生产、应用、资源与市场状况.铟锡氧化物靶材、砷化镓晶片、锗红外材料、铼高温合金和硒在电解锰及玻璃的应用等已成为稀散金属的主要应用领域.稀散金属的产量快速增长达到历史高位而导致了市场的失衡.以GaInP_2/GaAs/Ge,CIGS和CdTe为代表的非硅系太阳能电池是稀散金属的新兴应用领域,将给稀散金属带来日益增长的需求.     

Brief news

正Corun invested another 50 million yuan in power battery for HEV Hunan Corun announced on 27 June that they had signed the cooperation agreement to jointly built Corun(Shaoxing)Autos Power Battery System Co.,Ltd.in Shaoxing Binhai New City.According to the announcement,total registered     

铜熔炼中锍品位对杂质元素分配行为的影响

借助于多相、多成分系统中平衡计算的手段，开发出微量元素砷、锑、铋及伴生元素铅、锌等在铜熔炼中分配行为的计算机模型。利用该模型对铜熔炼过程进行计算机模拟，分析了冰铜品位对砷、锑、铋、铅和锌等杂质元素的分压、活度系数及它们在冰铜、炉渣和气相中分配率的影响，并讨论其热力学分析结果对生产实践的指导意义。     

New energy vehicle:an opportunity for rare earth magnets

<正>Extracted from Securities Guide 1.Popularity of new energy vehicles—an irresistible market trend1.1 Progress of new energy vehicles Chinese Premier Li Keqiang said recently on a visit to Xi'an BYD Autos that new energy vehicles,especially new energy bus,can lessen environment and noise pollution.He encouraged the use of new