基于阶梯掩膜腐蚀的圆柱壳体振动陀螺谐振子的亚表面残余应力测试与分析

圆柱壳体振动陀螺是一种具有较高精度的金属振动陀螺,陀螺谐振子表面经过加工后会留下残余应力,对其性能影响较大。但目前国内外对圆柱壳体振动陀螺的表面和亚表面应力情况还缺乏深入的研究,针对圆柱壳体振动陀螺振动器件谐振子的几何结构和加工工艺特点进行研究,建立了谐振子切削加工的仿真模型,仿真分析了谐振子的亚表面残余应力的分布规律,并提出一种阶梯掩膜化学腐蚀的方法,对亚表面残余应力进行测试和分析,获得谐振子亚表面应力的分布规律,对实现谐振子的低应力制造和降低残余应力对圆柱壳体振动陀螺零偏稳定性的影响具有较好的指导意义。     

圆柱壳体振动陀螺谐振子的品质因数研究

品质因数是衡量陀螺振动特性的重要指标,它决定了陀螺的检测灵敏度.首先从理论上分析了影响圆柱壳体振动陀螺谐振子品质因数的主要因素.然后针对各种因素进行一系列的实验研究,包括谐振子的材料、形状以及尺寸等因素对于陀螺谐振子品质因数的影响.研究结果表明,谐振子的品质因数在很大程度上决定于谐振子材料、谐振环的形状及外径尺寸.材料...     

基于MEMS声传感器的圆柱壳体振动陀螺振型检测技术

振动陀螺谐振子振型一般采用激光进行非接触式测量,这种方法存在设备成本高、操作复杂、效率低等问题,因此,提出了一种基于MEMS声传感器的圆柱壳体振动陀螺谐振子振型测试方法。该方法利用体积小,指向性高的MEMS声传感器对谐振子振动声场进行高分辨率测量,获得精确的谐振子振动分布情况,建立了谐振子声波测试实验系统,进行了测试实验,并与激光测振仪的测量结果进行比对。实验结果表明,该测试系统具有较高的振型测量精度。这种测试方法成本低,操作简便,测量精度高,可以实现谐振子振型的高精度快速测量,为后续的谐振子修形及陀螺控制提供重要基础。     

一种轴对称变厚度振动陀螺谐振子的振动特性研究

谐振子是振动陀螺的核心敏感元件。振子的结构特征对振动陀螺的性能具有决定作用。本文研究一种轴对称变厚度振动陀螺谐振子的结构特点及工作原理,建立谐振子的有限元模型,分析结构参数对振子振动特性的影响规律。在理论分析之上,提出一组合理的谐振子的结构参数。     

恒定磁场中简支圆柱壳的磁弹性振动分析

依据电磁场方程及相应的电磁本构关系,给出了作用于圆柱壳体上的电磁力及力矩表达式.在此基础上,分别推得了纵向和横向磁场中圆柱壳体的磁弹性轴对称振动方程.针对两端简支约束条件,通过位移函数的设定,得到了相应的有阻尼振动微分方程.通过算例,给出了系统衰减振动的响应曲线图和相图,分析了磁感应强度和壳体厚度对系统振幅衰减速度的影响.结果表明,通过改变磁感应强度可以达到控制系统振动的目的.     

金属壳谐振陀螺研究进展

金属壳谐振陀螺是振动陀螺的一个重要分支,其敏感结构为金属制成的壳体,称为金属谐振子,当谐振子随载体旋转时,哥氏效应引起敏感结构振型的"移动"是其对"旋转"敏感的基本表现形式.金属壳谐振陀螺不仅具有传统陀螺的惯性品质,而且具有能够抗高过载、量程大的特点,这是其他类型陀螺所不具备的.本文综述了金属壳谐振陀螺的研究进展,从设计思想、理论建模、结构设计、信号处理等方面进行了讨论,并指出了金属壳谐振陀螺的发展趋势.     

半球谐振子振动特性批量化测试技术

半球谐振子是半球谐振陀螺的核心部件,其振动性能测试贯穿生产加工、调平和装配整个过程,是半球谐振陀螺制造必不可少的环节,特别是对于高精度半球谐振陀螺,其谐振子具备高Q值低频率裂解的特性,需要高效率、批量化的测试手段,以满足半球谐振陀螺批量生产的需求。为解决谐振子批量化测试问题,首先,介绍了半球谐振子的工作原理,仿真分析了谐振子振动特性和表征方法;其次,针对半球谐振陀螺谐振子振动特性测试问题,提出了基于波动特性原理的振动特性测试方法;最后,根据所提出的振动特性的测试方法,设计了单腔室多工位谐振子振动特性批量化测试平台和工艺,采用激光测振仪进行振动信号的采集,完成了谐振子振动特性的检测,极大地提高了测试效率,满足半球谐振陀螺批量生产的要求。     

格栅夹层板抑振性能研究

为了有效降低铺板与圆柱壳体耦合结构中因铺板振动而引起的壳体振动,提出了以格栅夹层板作为一种铺板结构.以格栅夹层板安装于带有端板的圆柱壳体上作为研究模型,采用有限元软件对格栅夹层板的抑振性能展开了仿真分析,讨论了格栅结构参数对其抑振效果的影响,并实验验证了格栅夹层板的抑振效果.仿真和实验结果一致表明：格栅夹层板能有效降低圆柱壳体的振动响应,尤其是在中高频段抑振效果显著；格栅的结构参数对抑振效果影响规律比较复杂,格栅夹层的上层面板采用阻尼较大的材料利于提高其抑振效果.     

大输出微控制力矩陀螺的设计

为了提高微控制力矩陀螺的输出力矩,提出了一种微型控制力矩陀螺的设计方案.所设计的微型控制力矩陀螺用角振动代替了传统控制力矩陀螺的转动,由转子角振动系统及框架角振动系统组成,实现了基于科氏效应的控制力矩输出.通过框架角振动系统的电极位置居中设置及在玻璃上挖槽的设计,避免了静电吸合现象.四个完全相同的微型控制力矩陀螺构成一...     

基于介观压光效应的MEMS陀螺研究

依据介观压光效应原理,设计出了一种新型高灵敏谐振式MEMS陀螺,其利用镜像异质三周期光子晶体的介观压光效应代替传统压阻式微陀螺中的力敏电阻器,当光子晶体受轴向应力作用时,其透射率随之发生变化,因此,通过检测透射光强可解算出输入角速度的大小.陀螺结构采用4对梳齿电容驱动,驱动模块与检测模块相互独立,其具有耦合效应小,机械灵敏度高的特点.经数值计算与仿真分析,得到该微陀螺频率匹配率为0.6％,透射率灵敏度达到73μcd/(°)/s,证明了其频率匹配良好,可实现高灵敏度的角速度的测量.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。