非满管污水流量测量中液位检测电路设计

随着环保意识的增强,环保产业对污水流量的测量和控制的精确度、可靠性要求已越来越高。由于污水管道的流量经常为全满或半满,常使测量结果不准。本文介绍了磁致伸缩液位仪用于污水流量测量中液位检测电路的设计,可以提高测量的准确性。该液位测量方法精确度可达0.1mm。     

基于HT1200M的导波雷达液位测量系统设计

为提高高污染与高温环境下液位测量精度,设计了一种基于HT1200M的导波雷达液位测量系统。系统以STM32F103为控制核心,利用基于HART协议HT1200M芯片进行信号传输与接收,通过自适应LMS(最小均方误差)算法对测量结果进行滤波处理,有效去除回波波束干扰噪声,提高测量精度。结果表明该测量系统精确度高,能够满足工业现场环境对液位测量要求,能够提高相关工业自动化控制程度。     

电磁波油水液位监测系统研究

为解决系统运行不稳定、人工干预多、易黏稠挂料、受温度湿度影响大以及缺乏实用高效的非组态管理软件等问题,文中设计了一种电磁波油水液位监测系统。该系统应用电磁波油水液位测量技术测量油水液位,并结合GPRS无线通信网络,通过下位机数据采集模块、上位机非组态信息管理软件实现原油储罐油水液位的测量与管理。经过仿真数据实验、实验室虚拟环境测试和陕北油田某采油厂试点等实践环节,最终证实该系统运行稳定、测量数据精确、用户操作方便。     

基于ARM的超声波液位计的设计

液位测量广泛应用于石油、化工、污水处理等领域,针对传统液位计测量时存在的弊端,设计了一种基于ARM的超声波液位测量系统。该系统以ARM为开发平台,硬件部分设计了超声波驱动电路、回波信号处理电路、滤波电路、A/D转换电路以及RS232通信电路。硬件设计时采用复位电路来保证系统的正常运行。软件设计时采用声速补偿、滤波等方法减少误差,提高系统稳定性。实验表明,该超声波液位计使用方便、精度高,可满足工业生产中对液位测量的要求,具有一定的工程价值。     

超声波液位检测仪的设计

介绍了超声波测距的基本原理,对应超声波测距仪的误差产生原因,设计了一个以提高测量精度为目的的超声波液位测量仪原型系统,该系统包含脉冲发射电路,变增益接收电路,温度补偿电路和相应的控制电路.实验结果表明该设计方法可以提高超声波测距仪的测量精度并且硬件开销不大.     

基于CAV444的电容式液位传感器设计与优化

文中介绍了电容式液位传感器的测量原理,提出了一种基于CAV444线性电容-电压转换芯片的电容式液位传感器设计与优化方案。该方案根据所测液位范围对应的电容值变化范围对调理电路的输出电压进行了变换,以提高传感器的灵敏度,并根据被测信号的带宽设计了低通数字滤波器,提高了传感器的抗干扰能力。测试结果表明,该传感器性能稳定,最大非线性误差为0.75%,测量结果线性度好;引用误差为1.13%,测量准确度高,能够满足大多数工业现场实际的液位测量需求。     

磁致伸缩式液位传感器

针对传统的液位测量技术在实际应用中的不足,介绍了一种新型的液位传感器的设计方案。该方案采用磁致伸缩技术将液位信息转化为时间量。通过对磁致伸缩式液位传感器的结构和工作原理的分析,设计了硬件测量电路和软件测量电路,介绍了关键器件,如场效应管、运算放大器、核算处理器等的选型及参数整定方法。实验证明：在液位测量中,这种基于磁致伸缩式液位传感器的采用,大大提高了测量系统的测量精度和可靠性。     

基于单片机及TTS模块的语音播报简易电容式液位计设计

介绍一种基于单片机和科大讯飞TTS语音模块的电容式液位测量装置。首先利用电容式液位测量方法将被测液位变化转换为电容变化,再经由555定时器芯片将该电容变化转换为更便于测量的频率变化;内置的温度传感器测出当前温度,并对其进行温度补偿。最后通过LCD及TTS语音模块显示并播报当前液位测量结果。文中详细讨论了该测量方法的基本工作原理,给出了系统的详细硬件设计方案及主要软件流程图,可供同类测量装置的设计及应用提供借鉴。     

电容式传感器在液位测量中的应用研究

在传统电容传感器液位测量的基础上,该文采用了一种改进型电容液位测量的方式。综述了改进电容传感器的工作原理,解决可传统电容测量与被测介质有关的技术难题,结合单片机技术,设计了电容传感器的液位测量电路,通过转换电路把电容变换转换电压输出,通过软件计算液位高度,减小了电容与电压转换的非线性误差。实验测试证明,该测量系统性能可靠稳定。     

基于电容栅编码传感器的液位测量系统

针对同心圆柱电容式液位传感器的不足之处,设计了一种新型的测量液位的电容栅编码传感器,介绍了该传感器的基本原理。并在此基础上设计了一套液位测量系统,详细介绍了电容检测以及编码电容栅分组原理。该液位测量系统能满足一定条件下液位的测量需求。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...