螺旋构件强化排液的泡沫分离塔用于牛血清蛋白分离

引言 泡沫分离技术又称泡沫吸附分离技术[1],是以气泡作为分离介质,利用被分离组分在气液两相界面吸附性质的差异进行浓缩溶液中表面活性组分.在泡沫分离过程中,通过空气分布器在泡沫塔液相中产生气泡,气泡沿着轴向向上流动,被分离表面活性组分吸附在气泡的气液两相界面上,当吸附接近平衡后,气泡离开液相,在液相上方形成泡沫相.     

垂直筛板构件强化SDS在泡沫分离液相吸附的研究

为提高表面活性物质在泡沫分离液相的吸附,开发了一种液相安装垂直筛板构件的新型泡沫分离塔,以传统液相无构件的泡沫分离塔为对照塔,十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为体系,考察了装有垂直筛板构件的塔板层数、板间距和垂直帽罩数对气泡大小、SDS吸附密度和平衡时间的影响。结果表明在液相添加垂直筛板构件能有效增加SDS的吸附密度并缩短平衡时间。在塔板层数为5、板间距为60 mm和垂直帽罩数为4时,SDS吸附密度比对照塔提高58.8%。     

消泡剂在工业上的应用

泡沫是空气或其他气体以不连续相分散在另一连续相液体中,往往是由大体积的气体分布在小体积的液体中形成的,在热力学上是不稳定的两相系统,气泡通常是由液体薄膜分隔开。纯的液体不形成泡沫。特别是在有表面活性剂存在下形成的泡沫,由于表面活性物质的作用,阻碍了气泡的聚集。这     

温度对高浓度SDS水溶液泡沫稳定性及分离的影响

高浓度表面活性物质的分离是泡沫分离过程的难题,也是制约泡沫分离技术应用于工业化生产的瓶颈.为了解决高浓度表面活性物质泡沫分离的难题,以阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)水溶液为体系,研究了在其临界胶束浓度(CMC)附近时,温度对SDS水溶液气泡直径、泡沫稳定性、富集比及回收率的影响.结果表明:温度对高浓度表面活性物质的泡沫分离有显著影响.当SDS水溶液浓度分别为1.2、2.3、3.5g·L-1,温度从30℃升高到70℃时,泡沫稳定性先增大后减小,在pH 6.9、表观气速2.4×10-3 m·s-1、装液量200 mL的操作条件下,气泡直径先减小后增大,富集比提高了3～5倍,回收率降低了34％～65％.     

泡沫分离蛋白质和酶

一、前言泡沫分离就是泡沫吸附分离技术。泡沫从塔中上升,其持液量逐渐减少,在塔顶使泡沫破碎,同收气液界面吸附的溶顷,因而表面活性物质就被浓缩或分离。由于蛋白质和酶具有极性和非极性基团,在气液界面可被优先吸附。泡沫分离是从极稀溶液中分离或     

泡沫分离设备的研究进展

作为一种新型分离技术,泡沫分离技术具有设备简单、能耗低、易于操作、低浓度条件下效率高和无污染等优点,该技术在降低表面活性物质分离成本方面具有极大的潜力,在工业上得到了广泛的应用。本工作分析了近年来文献报道中应用于分离回收蛋白质、有机污染物、天然产物、金属离子、微藻等的各种泡沫分离设备,并结合泡沫分离技术的发展历程将其分为传统泡沫分离设备和改进泡沫分离设备。重点阐述了改进泡沫分离设备的作用机理和分离效果,突显泡沫分离技术的重要性。改进型泡沫分离设备在一定程度上提高了分离效果,但依然存在一些问题,如很多设备在提高富集比的同时也降低了回收率。     

高效液相色谱技术在石油化工中的应用

综述了近年来高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术在石化产品烃类组成及其非烃类组分分离分析中的应用研究进展,表明HPLC在分析汽油、煤油、柴油等油品及生物柴油、变压器油和表面活性物质等物质中具有分离效果好、速度快和样品回收率高等优点,在石油化工生产和产品分析中有着重要的应用价值。     

新型分离过程(Ⅳ)

三、泡沫分离技术 1.概述 泡沫分离(Foam Separation)是以气泡为介质,以组分的表面活性差为分离依据的一种分离方法。泡沫分离技术很早就被用     

解剖两种国外引进的离心机

一化工生产过程中常有液相非均一系的存在,即不溶解的物质悬浮于液体中。液相非均一系的分离乃化学工业过程中重要过程之一。液相非均一系视悬浮物的性质不同可分为悬浮液、乳浊液、泡沫液三类。常遇的是悬浮液,系固体微粒悬浮于液相介质中。实现悬浮     

泡沫浮选法回收锂离子电池正极材料研究进展

泡沫浮选法是一种利用被分离物质本身的天然表面活性之差进行分离的技术,是一种典型的物理化学分离方法,具有处理效率高,二次废物产生少等优点。本文主要介绍泡沫浮选法在锂离子电池材料回收中的利用现状,并分析了当前使用该方法回收利用过程中存在的问题以及目标方向。     

Foam fractionation of spent sulphite liquor: Part I: Separation of surfactants

The surface activity of spent sulphite liquor (SSL) and the separation of surface active components by foam fractionation were studied. The maximum activity (lowest surface tension) of SSL was observed at a high pH. The surface tension was found to be 42 mN/m and 38 mN/m at acidic and basic pH values, respectively, and also a maximum foaminess (Σ) of 7 min was observed at pH 10. Foam fractionation reduced the surfactant concentration by 90% at an optimum pH of 10. The surfactants were concentrated in the collapsed foam as shown by the fact that the critical micelle concentrations of the unfractionated SSL and foam were 70% (v/v) and 10% (v/v), respectively. The removed surfactants were concentrated in 20% of the original liquid volume.     

Kugelschaum-Chromatographie

Spherical Foam Chromatography In contrary to usual foam separation methods, in the spherical foam chromatography a current of air or nitrogen, saturated with the supporting phase (volatile organic or inorganic liquid) is circulated through the aqueous solutions. The advantages of this simple technique are: 1) enrichment of surface-active substance even from highly diluted solutions, and 2) speed of separation. Characteristic efficiency of the process (also as a function of the temperature) indicates varying degree of interaction between the molecules of water, surfactant and supporting phase. Different variations of the process, such as continuous method etc., are dealt with.     

泡沫分离技术及其发展现状

探讨了泡沫分离技术的原理、泡沫分离设备及泡沫分离技术的研究进展。泡沫分离过程的性能受很多因素的影响 ,例如 ,进料液浓度、气泡尺寸、气体流量、泡沫的排液、进料位置、聚并、温度等。阐述了现有的几种新技术 ,如低重力条件操作、通过压力梯度而提高分离效率。此外 ,还简要介绍了泡沫分离塔中传质单元数和传质单元高度的概念。     

Stirring as foam disruption (SAFD) technique in fermentation processes

Foam reduction through stimng was studied in 20 L bioreactors with artificial media and with an actual biotransforma-tion process. For a given stirrer configuration and within a certain range of the broth mass, the foam height was correlated with the broth mass, i.e. the distance between upper stirrer and dispersion surface, and with the superficial gas velocity. Increasing the stirrer speed often resulted in reducing the foam height. A mechanistic model was developed for the Stirring As Foam Disruption (SAFD) technique, relating the foam height to the horizontal liquid velocity near the dispersion surface. The model illustrates the general applicability of the SAFD technique and points to foam entrainment as the major mechanism for the foam disruption.     

Micro Videographic Analysis of the Melt Layer of Self‐Deflagrating HMX and RDX

Micro videographic analysis of the thin molten layer on the surface of HMX (Octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocine) and RDX (Hexahydro‐1,3,5‐trinitro‐1,3,5‐triazine) during self deflagration were performed. This was done to gain a better understanding of the physical structure present in this 100–300 μm layer and give a visual picture for the development of computational models. During steady‐state combustion, RDX had a consistent melt layer with vigorous bubble formation. There was a continuous liquid layer throughout combustion and no foam was formed. The surface of HMX during steady‐state combustion at ambient initial temperatures was an uneven layer of foam. Foam appeared to convect across the surface in undulating waves. At elevated initial temperatures, the HMX molten layer was a consistent foam layer in both time and space. Micro videography was also done with a diagnostic laser sheet as illumination to measure the melt layer thickness. The RDX bubbling layer was about 217±30 μm thick. The HMX foam thickness varied from almost nothing to 660 μm, with an average value of about 234±106 μm.     

泡沫金属的制备、性能及其在催化反应中的应用

泡沫金属是一种具有独特结构和性能的新型功能材料。介绍了泡沫金属材料常见的制备工艺(发泡法,烧结法,铸造法,沉积法)、物理性能和在催化反应中的应用（载体和催化剂）,并对泡沫金属材料在应用中存在的问题和前景作了评述。     

泡沫分离法提取乙醇水体系中甲基橙

采用泡沫分离法对含甲基橙的乙醇水溶液进行了提取研究. 考察了乙醇体积分数、气体流量、pH、甲基橙浓度和表面活性剂浓度对提取效果的影响,并对泡沫分离乙醇-水体系中提取中药有效成分的可行性进行了探讨. 结果表明,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为表面活性剂,在乙醇体积分数25%的乙醇-水体系中,在pH 6.0、气速80 mL/min、甲基橙浓度35 mg/L及CTAB浓度80 mg/L的操作条件下,甲基橙的富集比为14.38,回收率在98.5%以上. 在一定范围内提高表面活性剂浓度或加入稳泡剂以削弱乙醇的消泡作用,从而将泡沫分离技术应用于乙醇-水体系中中药有效成分的提取是可能的.     

Process intensification of foam fractionation by successive contraction and expansion

Enrichment in foam fractionation is enhanced by reducing the liquid flux while maintaining the flux of bubble surfaces. We show that it is possible to do so in a continuous foam fractionation column by inserting a plate into the foam layer and forcing the foam through a narrower tube (foam riser) mounted at the centre of the plate. A 35% reduction in liquid flux was observed by using a single plate-foam riser assembly in a foam stabilised by 0.52 g/L sodium dodecyl sulphate solution, and the liquid rejected from the foam due to the presence of the foam riser had the same concentration as the feed solution. However, due to the nature of the adsorption isotherm of SDS, the enrichment enhancement measured in the experiments hererin was modest. The mechanism of the foam riser plate was explained by invoking recent theoretical studies on pneumatic foam. It was demonstrated that the reduction in liquid flux was affected by sudden expansion of the flow area causing a rejection of interstitial liquid to the top of the plate and extracted, whence it was recycled back to the feed. Preliminary experiments on the effect of liquid pool depth and foam height on interfacial adsorption were also carried out to demonstrate that the insertion of the plate does not affect the adsorption of the target substance to the bubble surface in the current system. It was found that equilibrium could be achieved within 0.2 m of liquid pool depth or foam height, however the equilibrium surface excess on a rising bubble in the liquid pool is roughly 51% of the equilibrium value on a quiescent interface, while that in the foam layer is roughly 73% of the equilibrium value on a quiescent interface.     

Beiträge zur Schaumreinigung fester Oberflächen 2. Mitteilung: Schaumeigenschaften und Wirksamkeit

Foam Cleaning of Solid Surfaces 2. Foam Properties and Effectiveness Cleaning foams are very stable. Although the foam gives up almost the entire amount of liquid entrained in the lamella within 20 min, the original volume is retained. The highly alkaline solution released wets the soiled surface of the tile, swells the dried up protein rest and dissolves the same, which is subsequently removed by rinsing with water. The effectiveness of foam cleaning can be increased by up to 10% using longer periods of action of the foam on the soiled surface. Mechanical and heat treatment are of limited value in foam cleaning.