铜（Ⅱ）,N,N‘—双（3,5—二溴水杨醛缩）邻苯二胺配合物吸附波及其应用

在０．０１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ３，Ｈ２Ｏ－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ溶液中，铜（Ⅱ）－Ｎ，Ｎ’－双（３，５－二溴水杨醛缩）邻苯二胺（Ｄｂｓａｌ－ｏ－ＰｈｄｎＨ２）配合物产生灵敏的吸附波，波的峰电位是－０．３８Ｖ（ｖｓ·ＳＣＥ），峰电流与铜（）的浓度在２．０×１０－８－８．０×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内成正比，检测限是６×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，本方法用于检测水中的铜，回收率为９７．５％～１０３％。     

微量铋的示波极谱测定法

在ｐＨ１０．５的Ｋｏｌｔｈｏｆｆ缓冲溶液中，铋－溴邻苯三酚红配合物在单扫描示波极谱仪上产生一灵敏的极谱波，峰电位为－０．６５Ｖ（ｖｓ，ＳＣＥ），峰电流与铋浓度在６．０×１０~（－８）～６．０×１０~（－６）ｍｏｌ·Ｌ~（－１）范围内成线性关系，检测下限为２．０×１０~（－８）ｍｏｌ·Ｌ~（－１）。应用本法测定了化探矿样中的微量铋，获得满意结果。     

固定化黄色短杆菌生产L－苹果酸新工艺及动力学研究

研究了固定化黄色短杆菌ＭＡ－３在富马酸盐体系中转化生成Ｌ－苹果酸的新工艺，研究结果表明当富马酸铵盐浓度为１．８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，体系ｐＨ为７．０～８．０，反应温度为３７℃时，Ｌ－苹果酸的得率达２１６ｇ／Ｌ。对固定化黄色短杆菌的动力学研究结果为Ｖｍａｘ＝７６ｍｍｏｌ／［Ｌ·ｈ·ｇ（固定化湿细胞）］，Ｋｍ＝４．７６×１０－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｃｐｍ＝１．６９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。     

稀土—偶氮胂Ⅲ配合吸附波法测定稀土元素

在ｐＨ值为３的ＮＨ３．Ｈ２Ｏ－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ介质中,镧,铈,镨与偶氮胂Ⅲ（ＡＳＡⅢ）形成配合物,并于－０．７１Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）处产生灵敏的配合物吸附波峰电流与镧,铈,镨浓度分别为３．６×１０＾－８～１．４×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,１．８×１０＾－８～８．６×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,３．５×１０＾－８～７．０×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系,测得镧与偶氮胂Ⅲ的配合比为１：１。稳定常数为４．５×１０＾     

苯妥英钠化学传感器的研制

研制了苯妥英钠ＰＶＣ膜化学传感器，该传感器选择性好，稳定性好，其线性范围为１．０×１０＾－１－１．０×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，检测下限为１．８×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，为５９．１ｍｖ／ｐｃ（２９８Ｋ，ＰＨ＝４．０－１１．５）。     

芦竹碱PVC膜电极的研究

本文研制出以芦竹碱－四苯硼钠为电活性物的ＰＶＣ膜电极。在ｐＨ２．０～７．０水浴液中，电极的残性响应范围、平均斜率和检出下限分别为６．３×１０￣５～１．０×１０￣（－２）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、５７ｍＶ／△ＰＣ和２．２×１０￣（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．电极响应速度快，稳定性好，可用于快速测定植物中芦竹碱的含量，方法准确可靠。     

5－Br－TAR的合成及其在反相HPLC分离测定Co（Ⅱ）、Cr（Ⅵ）、Rh（Ⅲ）中的应用

以合成的新试剂５－Ｂｒ－ＴＡＲ为往前衍生试剂，首次用阴离子表面活性剂Ｓ，Ｄ．Ｓ．为对离子试剂。以含１×１０（－２）ｍｏｌ·Ｌ（－１）的ｐＨ５．８的乙酸－乙酸钠缓冲溶液和３．５×１０（－４）ｍｏｌ·Ｌ（－１）的Ｓ．Ｄ．Ｓ．的甲醇－水（６８：３２，Ｖ／Ｖ）为流动相，在Ｃ（１８）柱上，１５ｍｉｎ内分离测定了Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）、Ｒｈ（Ⅲ）、Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）的５－Ｂｒ－ＴＡＲ配合物。当ＳＮＲ＝２时，检出限分别为０．４９、０．３２、０．４４ｐｐｂ。用于废水及电镀液中Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）、Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）的测定，效果较好。     

7─（4─磺苯基偶氮）─8─羟基喹啉用作钴的新光度试剂及其用于VB_（12）的间接分光光度测定

合成了题述试剂ＳＰＡＨＱ，可用其作钴显色剂。生成的红棕色１：４（Ｃｏ：ＳＰＡＨＱ）螯合物λｍａｘ＝４８０ｎｍ，ε４８０＝８．１×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，Δλ＝９０ｎｍ。０～１．２μｇ／ｍＬＣｏ２＋遵守比尔定律。１～１０ｍｇ的７种离子和０．０３５～０．９４ｍｇ的１８种离子不干扰。用于间接分光光度测定ＶＢ１２，结果与亚硝基Ｒ盐法一致。本法既灵敏、选择性也好。     

催化显色光度法测定痕量铜（Ⅱ）的研究

基于０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ－０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＣｌ缓冲溶液中，铜（Ⅱ）催化氯酸钾氧化盐酸苯肼，继而与Ｈ酸－钠盐偶合得紫红色的偶氮化合物，藉此可测定痕量铜（Ⅱ）。在５３０ｎｍ波长处测量产物的吸光度，铜（Ⅱ）量在０～２８ｎｇ／ｍｌ范围内呈线性关系，方法的表观摩尔吸光系数为１．４３×１０６Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，检出限为５．２×１０－１０ｇ／ｍｌ，已用于合成水样中痕量铜（Ⅱ）的测定，结果满意     

固定化细胞生产L－苹果酸新工艺及动力学研究

对产氨短杆菌ＭＡ－２固定化细胞在富马酸铵体系中转化生成Ｌ－苹果酸的优化工艺条件做了探讨，结果表明，富马酸铵浓度为１．８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ｐＨ７．０～８．０，反应温度为３７℃时，Ｌ－苹果酸得率达２００ｇ／Ｌ左右。同时，对固定化细胞的动力学进行了研究，结果为：ｒ（ｍａｘ）＝５８ｍｍｏｌ／（Ｌ·ｈ·ｇ固定化湿细胞）），Ｋｍ＝６．２５×１Ｏ￣（－２）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｐ＿ｍ＝１．５６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。