一种用于3-5GHz IR-UWB的0.18um CMOS BPSK 调制发射机

This paper presents a transmitter IC with BPSK modulation for an ultra-wide band system. It is based on up-conversion with a high linearity passive mixer. Unlike the traditional BPSK modulation scheme, the local oscillator (LO) is modulated by the baseband data instead of the pulse. The chip is designed and fabricated by standard 0.18 μ m CMOS technology. The transmitter achieves a high data rate up to 400 Mbps. The amplitude of the pulse can be adjusted by the amplitude of the LO and the bias current of the driver amplifier. The maximum peak-to-peak amplitude of the pulse is 600 mV. It consumes only 20.3 mA current with a supply voltage of 1.8 V when transmitting a pulse at the maximum data rate. The energy efficiency is 91.4 pJ/pulse. The die area is 1.4 × 1.4 mm².     

A 16.3 p J/pulse low-complexity and energy-efficient transmitter with adjustable pulse parameters

This paper presents a novel,fully integrated transmitter for 3-5 GHz pulsed UWB.The BPSK modulation transmitter has been implemented in SMIC CMOS 0.13μm technology with a 1.2-V supply voitage and a die size of 0.8×0.95 mm~2.This transmitter is based on the impulse response filter method,which uses a tunable R paralleled with a LC frequency selection network to realize continuously adjustable pulse parameters,including bandwidth,width and amplitude.Due to the extremely low duty of the pulsed UWB,a proposed output buffer is employed to save power consumption significantly.Finally,measurement results show that the transmitter consumes only 16.3 pJ/pulse to achieve a pulse repetition rate of 100 Mb/s.Generated pulses strictly comply with the FCC spectral mask.The continuously variable pulse width is from 900 to 1.5 ns and the amplitude with the minimum 178 mVpp and the maximum 432 mVpp can be achieved.     

A High Efficiency Fully Integrated OOK Transmitter for WBAN

A 2.4 GHz high efficiency radio frequency(RF) transmitter for wireless body area network(WBAN) in medical applications is presented in this paper. The transmitter architecture with high energy efficiency is proposed to achieve a high data rate with low power consumption. In conventional transmitters,the oscillator and power amplifier are turned off when the transmitter sends 0. The required time for turning oscillator ON/OFF is longer than the other blocks of the transmitter. In the proposed transmitter, the low power oscillator is on all the time while the power amplifier and modulator are turned off when "0" data is sent. The transmitter consumes 3.2 mW at 0.5 dBm output by 285 Mbps data rate and the energy consumption per transmitted bit with 0.5 dBm output power is 10pJ/(bitmW). The proposed transmitter was designed in0.18 μm CMOS technology.     

A real-time VLC to UART protocol conversion system

A real-time visible light communication(VLC) to universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter(UART) conversion system is made up of a transmitter with a light emitting diode(LED) and a receiver with a photodiode(PD), by which a VLC system is connected to traditional communication modes, and the data are transferred by wireless visible light. UART packets are converted to light packets by the modulation of a 10 k Hz on-off-keying(OOK) light signal, and the data losses in the transportation are avoided by the protection of a data buffer mechanism. The experimental results reveal that the real-time VLC to UART conversion system can provide a real-time VLC transmission way for two UART devices in not less than 10 m at a baud rate not less than 19 200 Bd with stable ambient lighting at the same time.     

Electroluminescence Gray Scale Display Driving Method and Circuit

The increasing use of color terminals for personal computers has raised a demand for video graphic adapter（VGA）-format panel displays. Since only monochrome（ZnS ： Mn） electroluminescence（EL） displays of suitable size and speed are available, lack of colors has to be replaced by grayscale in the first place. There are two basic driving methods to achieve grayscale in thin-film EL displays： pulse amplitude modulation（PAM） method and pulse width modulation（PWM） method. But there are serious disadvantages of the two traditional methods. For the former method, the high voltage PAM ICs are too expensive to produce the grayscale EL display in bulks and the driver integrated circuit（IC） is complex. Though the PWM method has good grayscale display quality, the hardware implementation is too complex. A new driving method with which the width and the amplitude of the pulse can be modulated and simultaneously the challenge can be solved efficaciously is presented.     

RESEARCH ON TECHNOLOGY OF CONTROLLED SOURCE RADIO MAGNETOTELLURIC SYSTEM＆#39;S TRANSMITTER

The basic theory and principle of the artificial Controlled Source Radio MagnetoTelluric （CSRMT） method is studied and a novel CSRMT transmitter in kHz frequency band is designed. The specific circuit and measured results of some key modules in transmitter are presented, and some outdoor experimental tests have been carried out, which shows that the completed prototype of transmitter can generate a continuous sine current with frequency up to 35.33 kHz, peak-to-peak amplitude up to 40 A, and realize a reliable transmitting mode with multi-frequency and high-current. The transmitter has a wide operating band, large magnetic moment and high waveform fidelity, and can meet the requirements of shallow geological exploration with high-resolution.     

一种应用于串行链路的5Gb/s低功耗电流模预加重发送器

A multi-standard compatible transmitter with pre-emphasis for high speed serial links is presented. Based on the comparison between voltage mode(VM) and current mode(CM) output driver architectures,a low power CM output driver with reverse scaling and bias current filtering technique is proposed.A 2-tap pre-emphasis filter is used to reduce the intersymbol interference caused by the low-pass channel,and a high speed,low power combined serializer is implemented to convert 10 bit parallel data into a serial data stream.The whole transmitter is fabricated in 65 nm 1.2 V/2.5 V CMOS technology.It provides an eye height greater than 800 mV for data rates of both 2.5 Gb/s and 5 Gb/s.The output root mean square jitter of the transmitter at 5 Gb/s is only 9.94 ps without pre-emphasis.The transmitter consumes 41.2 mA at 5 Gb/s and occupies only 240×140μm~2.     

Sensitive detection of infrared photons using a high-Q microcantilever

A new approach based on microcantilevers is presented to detect infrared photons with high sensitivity. Infrared photons are measured by monitoring the amplitude change of a vibrating microcantilever under light pressure force.The irradiating light is modulated into sinusoidal and pulsed waves,and to be in-phase and anti-phase with the cantilever driving signal.A linear relationship between the amplitude change of the cantilever and the light power distributing on the cantilever was observed.Under a vacuum of 10^-4 Pa,an infrared light power of 7.4 nW was detected with the cantilever.The in-phase and anti-phase modulation to the cantilever vibration using a pulsed light results in an enhanced response of the cantilever.     

Supercontinuum Generation Enhanced by Cross-phase Modulation in Dispersion-flattened and Decreasing Fiber

Supercontinuum spectrum generation in a dispersion-flattened and decreasing fiber with two orthogonally polarized pulses was simulated and calculated. The research results indicated that the supercontinuum spectrum generated by two orthogonally polarized pulses is wider and flatter than that generated by single polarized pulse due to cross-phase modulation. The cross-phase modulation effect can enhance the supercontinuum spectrum generation. When the pump power of the input pulse is lower, the enhancement of supercontinuum spectrum generation by cross-phase modulation effect is more significant.     

A dual-mode 6-9 GHz transmitter for OFDM-UWB

This paper presents a fully integrated dual-mode 6 to 9 GHz transmitter for both WiMedia and China MB-OFDM UWB applications.The proposed transmitter consists of a dual-mode I/Q LPF,an up-conversion mixer, a two-stage power driver amplifier and a broadband high-speed frequency divider with LO buffers for I/Q LO carrier generation.The measurement results show that the gain ripple of the transmitter is within±1.5/±2.8 dB from 6 to 8.7/9 GHz.The output IP3 is about+13.2 dBm,the output 1dBCP is around +2.8 dBm,and the LO leakage/sideband rejection ratio is about-35/-38 dBc.The ESD protected chip is fabricated with a TSMC 0.13μm RFCMOS process with a die size of 1.6×1.3 mm~2 and the core circuit consumes only 46 mA under a 1.2 V supply.     

Solar Energy System with Digital Controller for Grid Connected Systems

The solar photovoltaic(PV) module output voltage changes according to the variation of light intensity and temperature. This paper presents the implementation of an automatic digital controller of a DC-DC boost converter without batteries for a solar cell module by using a peripheral interface controller, which forms a closed loop, to control the ON-OFF period of the switching pulse. The output of DC-DC converter is maintained by automatically increasing or decreasing the pulse width. To produce the pulse width modulation(PWM), the microcontroller is programmed according to the required duty cycle for the power switch. The PWM ON period is increased with the decrease in the PV voltage and vice-versa. The input voltage to the inverter is maintained constantly and is converted into an AC signal by using the metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor(MOSFET) H-bridge operated in the sinusoidal pulse width modulation mode by using a PIC(peripheral interface controller) microcontroller. The generated AC signal can be connected to the AC grid or to the AC load. The simulated results by using Proteus 8 and hardware implemented results verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

Millimeter wave band ultra wideband transmitter MMIC

This paper presents a new millimeter-wave (MMW) ultra wideband (UWB) transmitter MMIC which has been developed in an OMMIC 0.1 μm GaAs PHEMT foundry process (f_t = 100 GHz) for 22-29 GHz vehicular radar systems. The transmitter is composed of an MMW negative resistance oscillator (NRO), a power amplifier (PA), and two UWB pulse generators (PGs). In order to convert the UWB pulse signal to MMW frequency and reduce the total power consumption, the MMW NRO is driven by one of the UWB pulse generators and the power amplifier is triggered by another UWB pulse generator. The main advantages of this transmitter are: new design, simple architecture, high-precision distance measurements, infinite ON/OFF switch ratio, and low power consumption. The total power consumption of the transmitter MMIC is 218 mW with a peak output power of 5.5 dBm at 27 GHz.     

Inherent EDFA cross-gain saturation functionality for 17 Gbit/s PAM-3 all-optical wavelength reuse PON

In this work, inherent data-erasing functionality of a saturated erbium doped fibre amplifier(EDFA) is exploited to achieve an all-optical wavelength reuse with pulse amplitude modulation(PAM) format. A 10 GHz bandwidth distributed feedback laser(DFB) is directly modulated with 17 Gbit/s PAM-3 data signal and transmitted downstream over a 26.58 km fibre optical line terminal(OLT) incurring a maximum penalty of 1.81 d B. A saturated EDFA deployed at the optical network unit(ONU) terminal is utilized to optically suppress the extinction ratio of residual 17 Gbit/s PAM-3 downstream data significantly from 7.1 d B to 830 md B. This facilitates direct reuse of the downstream carrier without the need for an additional electrical data eraser. With the all optical data erasing capability of EDFA over-10 d Bm input power, the carrier re-used upstream transmission successfully delivers 17 Gbit/s PAM-3 data with a maximum transmission penalty of 0.99 d B. PAM-3 modulation format maximizes network efficiency by doubling the transmitted bits per symbol. Our technique is all-optical, it can support ultrafast systems with higher modulation formats and is power efficient.     

Millimeter-wave PA design techniques in ISSCC 2024

<正>Millimeter-wave systems with high integration level have been rapidly developed to enable modern wireless communication, sensing, and imaging. The millimeter-wave power amplifier (PA) is one of the most challenging and critical components in a millimeter-wave transceiver, it is the last active stage in a transmitter amplifying spectrally efficient complex modulation signal for radiation with high output power,     

A UNIVERSAL ALGORITHM OF MODULATION AND DEMODULATION

A new universal algorithm of modulation and demodulation is presented to process most signals of digital phase-related modulation schemes such as M-DPSK, MSK and even some M-FSK with low modulation level. It can easily deal with modulation and demodulation of the signals with different modulation schemes and data rates by only setting a few input arguments of the versatile software modules. The computational complexity of the algorithm is far less than that of conventional methods. The average processing capacity of the algorithm is about 15 instructions per symbol when processing DQPSK signals. It can be applied to software radios.     

UWB multi-pulse position modulation for high data-rate wireless application

1 Introduction UWB technology is considered to be a good candidate for future short-range high-data rate wireless communications [1, 2], and modulation plays an important role in UWB wireless communication systems. There are several modulation schemes possible for UWB, such as pulse position modulation (PPM), pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), On-Off keying (OOK), binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), and so on. Reference [3] provides the analysis result of the different modulation methods…     

An ultra-low-power RF transceiver for WBANs in medical applications

A 2.4 GHz ultra-low-power RF transceiver with a 900 MHz auxiliary wake-up link for wireless body area networks(WBANs)in medical applications is presented.The RF transceiver with an asymmetric architecture is proposed to achieve high energy efficiency according to the asymmetric communication in WBANs.The transceiver consists of a main receiver(RX)with an ultra-low-power free-running ring oscillator and a high speed main transmitter(TX)with fast lock-in PLL.A passive wake-up receiver(WuRx)for wake-up function with a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)CMOS rectifier is designed to offer the sensor node the capability of work-on-demand with zero standby power.The chip is implemented in a 0.18μm CMOS process.Its core area is 1.6 mm~2. The main RX achieves a sensitivity of-55 dBm at a 100 kbps OOK data rate while consuming just 210μA current from the 1 V power supply.The main TX achieves +3 dBm output power with a 4 Mbps/500 kbps/200 kbps data rate for OOK/4 FSK/2 FSK modulation and dissipates 3.25 mA/6.5 mA/6.5 mA current from a 1.8 V power supply. The minimum detectable RF input energy for the wake-up RX is-15 dBm and the PCE is more than 25%.     

Optically Powered Pressure Sensor with Optical Fiber Link

An optically powered sensor for measuring pressure which is linked by optical fiber is developed in new scheme.Its pulse positio modulation(PPM)optical signal and op-tical supply power for electronics in probe are transmitted via a single optical fiber.The opti-cal power is carried by a 1300nm laser diode(LD)and the sensing data are carried by a 850nm LED.The remote ptobe uses all CMOS chips and particular modulations(PPM and PWM).Its electrical consumption including signal manipulation and LED driven current from optically converted is less than 100μW.The laser diode supplies 5mW optical power into fhe fiber.A Photodetector converts suffichently this power into electrical power to drive the whole probe operation.The optically powered distance gets up to 500m.The novel sen-sor combines optical fiber and electronies technology into a system.Because of using the prin-ciple of ratio measurement between measured and reference signals.as well as light feedback,the system is available with high reliab,outstanding accuracy and repeatability.     

Microwave Magneto-Optic Bragg Modulators with Rectangular MSFVW Pulses

Microwave magneto-optic （MO） modulators can directly transform radio frequency （RF） signals into optical data through the Bragg diffraction of guided optical waves （GOWs） induced by microwave magneto-static waves （MSWs）. According to the MO coupled-mode theory, the modulation of continuous GOWs by a rectangular magneto-static-forwardvolume-wave （MSFVW） pulse in MO film waveguide is studied in the small signal case and the modulated optical pulse at the output is analyzed by means of an analytical form, which is dependent on the instantaneous diffraction intensity determined by the overlap of rectangular MSFVW pulse and light beam aperture. On the basis of it, the characteristics of MSFVW-based MO modulators can be explained well for the case of rectangular pulse modulation. It is also shown that the line codes of optical data generated by MO Bragg modulators can be controlled by adjusting the duty factor of modulating pulse signals.     

一种应用于超宽带（UWB）的CMOS五次微分高斯脉冲发生器

A CMOS fifth-derivative Gaussian pulse generator is presented for ultra-wideband （UWB） applications. The design exhibits low power consumption, low circuit complexity, and a precise pulse shape to inherently comply with the FCC spectrum mask for indoor UWB applications without the need for a filter. The pulse generator is implemented with a 1.8-V, 0.18-μm CMOS process. The small core chip size of the pulse generator is only 217 ×121 #m2 because of its all digital circuit design. The measured fifth-derivative Gaussian pulse has a peak-to-peak amplitude of 158 mV and a pulse width of 800 ps. The average power dissipation is 0.6 mW with a pulse repetition frequency of 50 MHz.