复合动植物营养酱的研制

把食用鲜骨糜按一定比例添加到胡萝卜泥中，可以改变胡萝卜泥品质结构和风味，起到植物营养成分互补，增加产品营养成分，起到动植物营养成分互补，增加产品营养成分，提高维生素Ａ原－胡萝卜素的消化吸收利用率、并对复合动物营养酱的加工工艺进行了初步探索。     

关于胡萝卜淀粉特性的研究

研究了从秘鲁胡萝卜中提取的淀粉的性质,并与木薯淀粉进行了比较。结果显示,虽然胡萝卜淀粉糊的糊化温度较高,但粘度热稳定性和粘度冷稳定性明显比木薯淀粉糊高;而且冻融稳定性胡萝卜淀粉糊要强于木薯淀粉糊。     

胡萝卜鹅肝酱罐头的研制

以胡萝卜和鹅肝为原料,研究了胡萝卜鹅肝酱罐头的配方和生产工艺。通过感官评定及正交实验分析,得到最佳配方,即鹅肝泥:胡萝卜泥:混合增稠剂:植物油:水的比例为100:60:5:12:100。对按该配方生产的产品进行感官评价、理化指标分析、微生物检测,以及保温贮藏实验,结果表明,所得胡萝卜鹅肝酱罐头符合相关的质量标准,贮藏期内没有质量变化。     

胡萝卜番茄复合酱加工工艺优化及营养成分研究

番茄是我国重要的果蔬加工产品和出口农产品。目前我国有90%以上的番茄被用于出口,且我国已经成为全球较大的番茄制品出口国,每年的出口总额已超过10亿美元。市场上的大多数番茄酱均为原味番茄酱,风味单一。该研究基于此,通过单因素试验和正交试验,对胡萝卜番茄酱的加工工艺进行研究。研究结果表明,胡萝卜番茄复合酱的最佳加工工艺为白砂糖添加量10%、食盐添加量0.5%、柠檬酸添加量0.04%、番茄与胡萝卜的比例6∶4。     

婴幼儿胡萝卜鱼泥罐头工艺的优化研究

采用感官评定和正交试验法对婴幼儿胡萝卜鱼泥罐头的工艺和配方进行了优化研究。婴幼儿胡萝卜鱼泥罐头的最佳配方为胡萝卜30%、蛋黄粉14%、奶粉6%,并对按最佳配方生产的产品进行了理化及微生物检测,该产品具有鱼肉与胡萝卜的独特滋味,酱体橙黄色,呈半固态状,料质均匀、黏稠适中,乳化效果好。     

葡萄胡萝卜复合果蔬汁饮料的研制

选用葡萄、胡萝卜为主要原料,研制复合果蔬汁饮料,进行了配方工艺优化研究。通过正交试验确定了葡萄胡萝卜复合果蔬汁的最佳配方为：砂糖10％,葡萄胡萝卜混合汁20％,柠檬酸0．1％。使用混合稳定剂,参数为黄原胶0．4g／L、羧甲基纤维素0．6g／L、海藻酸钠0．8g／L,稳定效果较好。     

瓦店风吹鸭

原料：土鸭400克 青美人椒、红美人椒各50克 鲜花椒10克 洋葱10克 西芹20克 胡萝卜10克 黄瓜10克 老姜、大蒜各8克 海鲜酱、白酒各10克 柱侯酱7克 盐、味精、胡椒面、白糖各3克 藤椒油6克 卤水1锅     

胡萝卜牛肉酱罐头的研制

研究了胡萝卜牛肉酱罐头的生产工艺。研究表明，牛肉，淀粉，胡萝卜，面酱，植物油及水的添加量是影响酱体质地的主要因素，并根据质量评分确定了相应的工艺参数。     

上海创新冷菜八款

原料：去骨鸭掌、胡萝卜、白萝卜、黄瓜、野山椒。制法：①将鸭掌加少许白醋及清水煮熟，取出改刀；     

低糖桔皮胡萝卜功能性果酱的研制

实验研究了低糖桔皮胡萝卜功能性果酱的工艺和配方,结果表明,低糖桔皮胡萝卜功能性果酱的最佳配方为:桔皮浆液量为6%,胡萝卜泥液量32%,白砂糖4%,低聚果糖6%,柠檬酸0.2%,所得酱体呈橙黄色, 有光泽, 均匀一致,具有轻微的胡萝卜的天然风味和桔皮特有的香气,甜酸适口,组织状态好,可溶固形物含量达到66%以上,pH为3.5～3.7,总糖含量约为30%.     

STORAGE STABILITY OF STRAWBERRY JAM COLOR ENHANCED WITH BLACK CARROT JUICE CONCENTRATE

Black carrot juice concentrate was added to enhance the color of strawberry jams prepared from two locally grown cultivars, Osmanl? and Kara. Compared to other cultivars processed to jams, these two cultivars are lightly colored but very aromatic. Color and pigment stability of colored and noncolored (control) strawberry jams were studied during storage. The use of black carrot concentrate as a source of natural colorant stabilized the color of strawberry jam. The stabilization was more noticeable for jams prepared from Osmanl? cultivar. Monomeric anthocyanin degradation was fitted to a first‐order reaction model. Storage temperature had a strong influence on anthocyanin degradation. As the storage temperature increased, the stability of anthocyanins decreased significantly in both colored and noncolored jams. Parallel to decrease in monomeric anthocyanins, hue (h°) values of all jam samples increased throughout the storage. However, increase in h° values was much smaller in colored samples than in noncolored samples. High correlation was found between h° value and anthocyanin concentration at 22C (r = 0.910–0.978) and 37C (r = 0.931–0.981).     

ROLE OF CARROT ON SHELF STABILITY OF DAIRY DESSERT (RASOGOLLA) DURING REFRIGERATED STORAGE

ABSTRACT

Carotene‐enriched carrots (Daucus carota L. var. Chantenay) were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on acidity development and lipid oxidation in rasogolla during refrigerated storage. Rasogolla is mashed fresh cheese or cottage cheese boiled in rounded shape in concentrated sugar syrup. Six types of rasogolla samples containing carrot paste at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% were prepared and stored in closed container at refrigerated condition for 20 days. Chemical changes were measured for acidity of syrup, pH of syrup, free fatty acid content and absorptivity of rasogolla samples, and sensory evaluation of rasogolla samples at days 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 of storage. The carrot pastes showed significant protection against lipid oxidation, acidity development and sensory quality maintenance in rasogolla. Higher levels of carrot pastes were more effective to increase shelf stability in rasogolla at different tested storage times. However, after day 10 of storage, carrot concentration showed negative result, i.e., enhancement of rate of lipid oxidation of rasogolla samples and its syrups along with visual color destruction. Also, excess quantity of carrot in rasogolla reduces the overall acceptance by the consumer. According to the overall result of shelf stability, it could be suggested that carrot concentration up to 30% should be used in rasogolla for long duration of storage, i.e., above 10 days.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

Traditional dairy products such as Rasogolla are important, well balanced food, which contribute a number of nutrients in relation to our need for good nutrition and health. Rasogollas' projected demand is 6000 tonnes in 2009 ( Karunanithy et al. 2007 ). Carrot is a good source of carotene specially beta‐carotene and serve as a good source of natural antioxidant. Fortification of carrot in dairy product serves as functional or health food for people of all age group. It also imparts a safe and attractive color to the dairy product. Besides, it is also cost effective for the dairy industry, because carrot is much cheaper than milk or channa (a dairy product analogous to cottage cheese). Study on the role of carrot on shelf stability of rasogolla under refrigerated storage is an attempt to establish this new product in the dairy industry.

     

鹅骨泥营养灌肠的研制及营养成分分析

以新鲜猪肉、胡萝卜和鹅骨泥为原料,制作鹅骨泥营养强化灌肠,以感官评价、剪切力和系水力为测试指标,通过 L9(34)正交试验筛选几种原料的最佳配比,并对其营养成分进行测定.结果表明:几种原料的最佳用量分别为鹅骨泥4%、瘦肥肉质量比4:1、胡萝卜10%(以猪肉质量计),在此最佳配比条件下,鹅骨泥营养灌肠产品的感官评为12分、剪切力为0.38N、系水力为96.83%;营养成分分析测定结果表明,鹅骨泥营养灌肠的蛋白质含量为20.26%,脂肪含量为21.77%,钙、磷含量分别为0.40%、0.26%,VA、β-胡萝卜素含量分别为450、48mg/kg,含有17种氨基酸,其中必需氨基酸 7种,天门冬氨酸和亮氨酸含量较高,分别为1.625、1.61g/100g.这表明鹅骨泥营养灌肠是一种高蛋白、矿物质丰富、维生素含量高、氨基酸组成齐全的肉制品     

RHEOLOGICAL INDICES OF FRUIT CONTENT IN JAMS: INFLUENCE OF FORMULATION ON TIME-DEPENDENT FLOW OF SHEARED STRAWBERRY AND PEACH JAMS

The influence of formulation factors [fruit content (25–55%), soluble solids content (60–70° Brix) and added pectin (0.3–0.7% in strawberry jams and 0.1–0.5% in peach jams)] on time dependent parameters has been analyzed in previously sheared jams. Twenty three samples of each fruit jam were prepared according to a second order composite rotatable design. Weltmann A values depended mainly on fruit content and on its interaction with the other two composition factors for both fruit jams. Weltmann B values, depended on the three variables and on fruit-pectin interaction for strawberry jams, while for peach jams B values depended also on fruit-soluble solids interaction.
Predictive power of time dependent parameters for estimation of fruit content was low, but considering them in conjunction with soluble solids content and total pectin values explained 91.7% of the variability of fruit content in strawberry jams and 83.7% of same in peach jams.     

Gelatinization Profiles of Peruvian Carrot,Cocoyam and Potato Starches as Measured with the Brabender Viscoamylograph,Rapid Visco-Analyzer,and Differential Scanning Calorimeter

The high starch content of underground storage organs of the tropical plants Peruvian carrot (A. xanthorrhiza B.) and cocoyam (X. sagittifolium) are an unexploited source of food and industrial starches. Some of their functional properties were determined using the Brabender Viscoamylograph (BV), Rapid Visco-Analyzer (RVA) and Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). BV and RVA pasting properties compared well for all three starches; gelatinization temperature ranges determined by DSC were lower than their BV and RVA counterparts. All starches formed clear pastes. The lower viscosities of Peruvian carrot and cocoyam pastes than that of potato starch suggest they might have applications in food systems requiring clarity at high solids concentrations.     

猪骨泥功能性双菌发酵

为充分利用含有大量不易消化吸收的蛋白质、钙磷盐等营养物质的废弃猪骨,利用枯草芽孢杆菌和植物乳杆菌,采用液态发酵法对猪骨泥进行功能性发酵,旨在同时提高骨泥中易于吸收且具有功能的小分子蛋白、多肽及可溶性钙的含量,强化发酵骨泥的功能性。分别对单菌和双菌发酵骨泥的水解度、鲜味氨基酸和可溶性钙含量进行分析,并考察了骨泥发酵前后的表观变化。结果表明:双菌发酵后骨泥水解度达到42.5%,鲜味氨基酸含量达到2.01 mg/mL,可溶性钙含量达到1.16 mg/mL,比单菌发酵更有优势。双菌发酵蛋白酶系多样,水解更加充分,同时还能提高骨泥可溶性钙的含量,为猪骨深度开发提供依据。     

直投式泡菜乳酸菌发酵剂培养基的优化及离心条件的探索

根据番茄汁、马铃薯汁和胡萝卜汁的营养条件和乳酸菌的营养要求,通过正交试验,确定泡菜用肠膜明串珠菌和乳酸乳球菌的最佳培养基。试验结果为:肠膜明串珠菌的最佳培养基为:30%番茄汁、25%马铃薯汁、10%胡萝卜汁;乳酸乳球菌的最佳培养基为:25%番茄汁、35%马铃薯汁、15%胡萝卜汁。结果表明:肠膜明串珠菌和乳酸乳球菌分别以此培养基在34℃下培养24 h,其活菌数可达109cfu/mL以上,大大降低了培养基的成本。选择的最佳离心条件为:4 000 r/min的转速下离心20 min,在此条件下离心存活率最高,为制备直投式发酵剂提供了理论依据。     

不同热加工方式芝麻酱风味物质的差异

利用电子鼻(E-nose)和顶空固相微萃取结合气-质联用(SPME-GC-MS)分别对炒制、烤制、微波三种热加工方式下的芝麻酱挥发性风味物质测定分析,以筛选最适宜的芝麻酱热加工工艺。结果表明,电子鼻能够较好的区分出三种加工方式制成的芝麻酱,SPME-GC-MS分析得出,芝麻酱的风味物质主要为吡嗪类、醛类、呋喃类、醇类物质,其中吡嗪类物质在微波方式下含量最高达31.09%,炒制和烤制含量分别为:14.97%和24.36%;醛类则在炒制芝麻酱中含量最高达17.17%;此外醇类物质在三种加工方式下含量都较高,均大于30%。研究表明,运用E-nose和SPME-GC-MS能够较好的分析不同热加工方式下芝麻酱挥发性风味物质的变化,微波加热制成的芝麻酱主要挥发性香味物质种类和含量更高。     

胡萝卜汁添加对乳化肠食用品质的影响

研究了胡萝卜汁添加对乳化肠色泽、质构特性、保水性以及感官品质的影响。基于最优基础配方,实验通过控制胡萝卜汁的添加量(0%、5%、10%、15%),探索其对于乳化肠食用品质的影响。结果表明:添加胡萝卜汁组与对照组(胡萝卜汁添加量0%)的色差、质构以及感官方面存在显著差异(P0.05)。随着胡萝卜汁添加量的增加,红度值、硬度都呈显著下降趋势,而蒸煮损失、黏聚性和弹性与对照组没有显著差异。胡萝卜汁添加量为10%的样品组的硬度、咀嚼性和胶着性最好,且通过感官评定得知该组各项指标综合评定结果最好,本实验得出10%是胡萝卜汁较优的添加量。     

大蒜、胡萝卜、甜橙复合保健饮料的研究

以大蒜、胡萝卜、甜橙为主要原料,制成复合保健果蔬饮料.对大蒜的脱臭效果、果蔬汁用量以及影响饮料风味的因素进行了分析研究.结果表明,按大蒜汁6%、胡萝卜汁10%、甜橙汁25%、白砂糖10%的比例进行调配,复合保健饮料风味最佳.