剪切速率对动态硫化PP/EPDM热塑性弹性体相态结构及性能的影响

采用动态硫化法,在双螺杆挤出机中制备以聚丙烯(PP)/三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)为基体材料的热塑性弹性体,研究螺杆转速对PP/EPDM热塑性弹性体相态结构及性能的影响;采用差示扫描量热(DSC)仪分析了PP/EPDM热塑性弹性体的结晶性能,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析PP/EPDM热塑性弹性体的微观相态结构,并用万能试验机等对其力学性能进行测试。结果表明,随着螺杆转速的增加,PP/EPDM热塑性弹性体的结晶温度降低,凝胶含量、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率先增大后减小,压缩永久变形先减小后增大,而螺杆转速对硬度的影响不明显。当螺杆转速为180 r/min时,PP/EPDM热塑性弹性体的凝胶含量、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均达到最大值,分别为56.8%,15.9 MPa和634%,压缩永久变形和硬度(邵A)均达到最小值,分别为68.8%,88。     

α和β成核剂改性聚丙烯的研究

研究了α和β成核剂对聚丙烯(PP)的热变形温度及其力学性能的影响,并用DSC和广角X射线衍射仪对其进行了表征。结果表明,β成核剂较α成核剂更有利于提高PP的热变形温度。此外,α成核剂使PP的刚性增强,表现在其弯曲强度、弯曲模量和硬度等的提高;β成核剂在PP的增韧方面有突出的效果,使PP的缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率等显著提高。     

海泡石填充聚丙烯的性能研究

制备了聚丙烯(PP)/海泡石复合材料,考察了海泡石对复合材料熔融性能、结晶性能、力学性能及热变形温度的影响。结果表明:海泡石的加入提高了PP的结晶温度,降低了PP的熔点和结晶度;海泡石对PP的拉伸强度和冲击强度影响不大;海泡石的加入明显提高了PP的热变形温度。     

成核剂对聚丙烯结晶形态和力学性能的影响

研究了聚丙烯(PP)／成核剂共混物的结晶形态及力学性能。结果表明：加入成核剂后，提高PP的结晶温度，加快了结晶速度，使PP球晶细化；成核剂用量在0—0．2份之间时，PP的冲击强度、拉伸强度、硬度、热变形温度均随成核剂用量的增加而提高。     

硅灰石粉填充改性聚丙烯复合材料性能研究

采用熔融共混的方法制备了硅灰石粉填充改性聚丙烯(PP)复合材料。通过力学性能、溶体流动速率(MFR)及DSC等测定,考察了硅灰石粉对PP力学性能、热性能及加工性能的影响。结果表明:用硅灰石粉填充改性PP,大大提高了PP/硅灰石粉复合材料的模量,缺口冲击强度的敏感性得到明显改善;改性PP的耐热温度、硬度及加工性能得到一定提高,但其强度有所降低。     

PP/LLDPE/芦苇木塑复合材料的制备与研究

以聚丙烯(PP)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)制备了PP/LLDPE/芦苇木塑复合材料。研究了PP/LLDPE质量比以及芦苇用量对木塑复合材料性能的影响,并探讨了芦苇经硅烷偶联剂KH550,A-151、钛酸酯偶联剂NDZ-101改性后对木塑复合材料力学性能、加工流动性能、微观结构及热性能的影响。结果表明:当PP/LLDPE质量比为60/40,加入30份A-151改性芦苇时,木塑复合材料的综合性能最佳。与加入未改性芦苇的复合材料相比,拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度,分别提高了33.93%,23.59%,42.58%;熔体流动速率值提高了18.69%;扫描电镜分析显示,改性芦苇与PP,LLDPE的相容性较好。     

增韧增强阻燃聚丙烯的研制

采用溴／锑复合阻燃剂、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)和无碱玻璃纤维对聚丙烯(PP)进行了复合改性研究，考察了复合阻燃剂、EPDM和无碱玻璃纤维含量对PP性能的影响。研究结果表明，溴／锑复合阻燃剂对PP有良好的阻燃作用；EPDM对PP有很好的增韧作用，并且可以提高阻燃剂的阻燃效率；无碱玻璃纤维的加入在有效提高复合材料拉伸强度、弯曲强度及弯曲模量的同时，还可以提高其冲击强度。     

线性低密度聚乙烯与硅灰石共混改性聚丙烯研究

采用熔融共混的方法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)/硅灰石复合材料。主要研究了硅灰石、LLDPE对PP力学性能的影响。结果表明:当PP/LLDPE/硅灰石质量比为80/20/30时,改性后产品的室温冲击强度达到了纯PP的3.53倍,低温冲击强度是纯PP的8.83倍。改性后的PP内部结构紧密,混合均匀,且热变形温度影响不大。     

石蜡油对动态硫化EPDM/PP热塑性弹性体力学性能的影响

通过双螺杆挤出机制备了动态硫化三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)/聚丙烯(PP)热塑性弹性体。运用抽提法测试了该EPDM/PP弹性体的凝胶含量,并采用万能试验机等对其力学性能进行测试,研究了软化剂石蜡油的添加量对动态硫化EPDM/PP热塑性弹性体力学性能的影响。结果表明:当石蜡油添加量为20%时,EPDM/PP共混物的凝胶含量最大;当石蜡油添加量为25%时,EPDM/PP共混物的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均达到最大值。此外,石蜡油的引入不仅能降低EPDM/PP热塑性弹性体的硬度和压缩永久变形,还能提高材料的耐热氧老化性能,其适宜添加量为20%~25%。     

PP／PE复合基材及其增韧研究

研究了PP/PE共混复合基材的力学性能和形态结构与组成配比的关系.结果表明,PP/HDPE/EPDM和PP/LLDPE共混体系可以制成具有高抗冲击性能的复合基材,且其他力学性能均衡,加工性能良好。弹性体SRS对复合基材的力学性能及形态有较大影响.实验结果表明,LLDPE具有分割、插入、细化PP球晶的作用,并与PP有较好的相容性;EPDM对PP/HDPE共混体系具有良好的增容效果。     

粉状聚丙烯增韧增强研究

采用机械共混方法对粉状聚丙烯（PP）进行了增韧增强研究，探讨了增韧剂、增强剂和有少量自制的固相甲基丙烯酸（MAA）接枝粉状聚丙烯（PP-g-MAA)作增容剂存在下对粉状PP共混体系力学性能的影响，用热重分析法考察了改性粉状PP的热性能。结果表明，（乙烯／丙烯／二烯）共聚物（EPDM）／高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）为复合增韧剂，具有协同作用，可显著提高共混物的冲击强度：PP-g-MAA能明显改善PP／玻纤两相的界面结合力；PP／EPDM／HDPE玻璃纤维共混体系可以获得理想的增韧增强效果。     

Glass fiber reinforced polypropylene/EPDM blends. II. Mechanical properties and morphology

Tensile and impact properties of the ternary system polypropylene (PP)/ethylene propylene diene elastomer (EPDM)/glass fiber (GF) and the corresponding binary systems PP/EPDM blend and PP/GF composite are studied. Results are presented and analyzed as functions of compositional variables, viz., (i) matrix PP/EPDM blending ratio at constant GF loadings and (ii) GF loading at constant matrix blending ratios for the ternary system and (iii) EPDM content for PP/EPDM binary system and (iv) GF content for the binary system PP/GF, respectively. The role of individual components EPDM and GF in these mechanical properties is discussed and their combined effects are inspected at certain composition ranges. Theoretical analysis of tensile data is presented which reveals the effect of EPDM on the reinforcing effect of GF. Unlike the conventional role of an elastomer, increase of EPDM content in the presence of GF increases the modulus of the ternary system. Impact strength of the ternary system increases with increasing GF content both in the presence and absence of EPDM, showing a distinct minimum at matrix blending ratio PP/EPDM 90/10. Scanning electron micrographs of impact-fractured surfaces are presented to illustrate the dispersion of the two phases of the polyblend matrix, fiber alignment, and the fiber interface.     

PP-硅橡胶-LLDPE三元共聚物的合成及性能研究

以聚丙烯(PP)为基体树脂,硅橡胶为增韧剂,线性低密度聚乙烯( LLDPE)为辅增韧剂,制备了一系列的PP/硅橡胶LLDPE的三元共聚物,考察了PP填充不同配比的硅橡胶共混物的力学性能.结果表明,随着硅胶含量不断的增加,样条的断裂伸长率,弹性模量,冲击强度逐渐增加,样条的拉伸强度随着硅胶的增加而逐渐减少;LLDPE的加入量为15％时,PP/硅橡胶/LLDPE的三元共混体系力学性能最佳;硅橡胶的加入量为20％时,PP/硅橡胶/LLDPE的三元共混体系具有良好的拉伸性能和冲击强度.     

聚乙烯微灌管带材料的强韧化研究

本文采用三元乙丙橡胶和高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）对线性低密度聚乙烯LLDPE进行了增韧和增。研究结果表明，5％的三元乙丙橡胶即可大幅度提高LLDPE的弯曲疲劳性能，同时，HDPE的加入可显著提高材料的拉伸屈服强度，通过本文对LLDPE的强韧研究，得到一种强韧性良好的节水灌溉管带材料。     

热压成型聚丙烯/玻璃纤维复合膜的结构及力学性能

将酸刻蚀后的玻璃纤维（GF）网引入聚丙烯（PP）基体,通过热压成型技术制备PP/GF复合膜。综合利用X射线衍射仪、差示扫描量热仪、扫描电子显微镜和万能材料试验机对PP/GF复合膜的结晶结构、热行为、界面结合形态和力学性能进行表征分析,重点讨论GF含量对微结构及性能的影响。结果表明,经酸刻蚀后GF表面形成许多沟槽,粗糙度增大,提高了GF与PP基体间的界面结合强度;GF网的引入使成核点增多,结晶度增加;GF含量较低时,PP/GF复合膜的力学性能与PP相比显著提高,GF含量为0.2 %（质量分数,下同）时,PP/GF复合膜的拉伸强度和断裂韧性分别提高了33.75 %和41.15 %;随GF含量的增加,拉伸强度和断裂韧性呈减小的趋势。     

Glass fibers reinforced poly(ethylene 2,6‐naphthalate)/ethylene propylene diene monomer composites: Structure,mechanical, and thermal properties

Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) was blended with glass fibers (GFs)‐filled poly(ethylene 2,6‐naphthalate) (PEN) composites to improve the impact properties of PEN. The impact strength of PEN/EPDM/GF composite (PEN/EPDM = 60/40) was about 62 J/m, which was nearly four times higher than the PEN/GF composite without EPDM. At the same time, the tensile strength and flexural modulus were still maintained at considerable values since the GFs compensated the loss of mechanical properties of PEN by incorporation of EPDM. The scanning electron microscopy results showed that the GFs were orientated and homogenously dispersed in the PEN matrix and, after incorporation of EPDM, the surface of GFs were covered by a matrix layer which became coarse and thick with increasing EPDM content. The dynamic mechanical analysis results showed the poor compatibility between PEN and EPDM. The thermal gravimetric analysis revealed that the PEN matrix protected the dispersed EPDM domains, resulting in an increased maximum peak temperature (T_max) of the EPDM phase. At last, the results of differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated that incorporation of EPDM led to an increase in crystallization rate and improvement in crystallization temperature. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:939–947, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

EPDM/POE/PP热塑性硫化橡胶材料的制备及性能研究

以三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)/乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)/聚丙烯(PP)为原料,在PP含量固定的情况下,将POE部分取代EPDM,采用动态硫化技术制备出EPDM/POE/PP三元热塑性橡胶材料(TPV),研究不同含量的POE对材料力学性能、流变性能和微观形貌的影响。结果显示,随着POE含量的增加,三元TPV材料的硬度和熔体质量流动速率不断增大;拉伸强度和断裂伸长率呈线性增大,当EPDM/POE/PP比例为45/40/15时,材料力学性能达到最大值。流变性能和微观形貌分析结果表明,EPDM/POE/PP三元TPV材料具有良好的综合性能。     

Mechanical properties and structural characteristics of dynamically photocrosslinked PP/EPDM blends

The mechanical properties and crystal morphological structures of dynamically photocrosslinked polypropylene (PP)/ethylene‐propylene‐diene terpolymer (EPDM) blends have been studied by mechanical tests, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Dynamically photocrosslinking of PP/EPDM blends can improve the mechanical propertiess considerably, especially the notched Izod impact strength at low temperature. Data obtained from mechanical tests show that the notched Izod impact strength of a dynamically photocrosslinked sample with 30% EPDM at ?20°C is about six times that of an uncrosslinked sample with the same EPDM component. The results from the WAXD, SEM, and DSC measurements reveal the enhanced mechanism of impact strength for the dynamically photocrosslinked PP/EPDM blends as follows: (i) the β‐type crystal structure of PP is formed and the interplanar distance of β‐type crystal increases slightly with an increase in the EPDM component; (ii) the droplet size of the EPDM phase in the photocrosslinked PP/EPDM blends is obviously reduced and the droplet number is increased with an increase in the EPDM component during the dynamical photocrosslinking process; (iii) the graft copolymer of PP‐g‐EPDM is formed at the interface between PP and EPDM components. All the above changes from the crystal morphological structures are favorable for increasing the compatibility and enhancing the toughness of PP/EPDM blends at low temperatures.     

PBH改性聚丙烯性能研究

采用丁烯-1与己烯-1共聚物(PBH)热塑性弹性体对聚丙烯(PP)进行共混改性,研究了PP共混物的力学性能和热性能。结果表明:随着PBH含量的增加,共混物的冲击强度、断裂伸长率和熔融指数都有增大的趋势,而拉伸强度、弯曲强度、硬度和耐热温度均有一定的下降。