新型多用固体酸洗缓蚀剂

本研究采用腐蚀电化学弱极化测试、曲线拟合技术,测定腐蚀速率等腐蚀电化学参数,并以此方法进行配方筛选试验,最终以失重法进行评定,筛选出了缓蚀效果好、无毒、环保、低添加量的多用固体酸洗缓蚀剂CM-911,该缓蚀剂可用于十六种清洗碳钢、不锈钢、黄铜、紫铜、铝材设备水垢的清洗用酸。     

海水腐蚀试验站碳钢低合金钢全浸试片的现场腐蚀检测

制作了用于海水腐蚀试验站全浸区暴露试片电化学检测的电极系统，采用极化电阻（Rp）和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）等测试技术，对舟山海水腐蚀试验站的4种碳钢和低合金钢全浸试片进行了现场电化学检测。测试结果反映了试片在海水中不同时期的腐蚀行为以及海水环境因素的影响。暴露期间，试片风值的变化主要是由于试片表面锈层的堆积和海水温度变化的结果，测试结果也表明了EIS技术能够用于试片海水腐蚀的现场检测，阻抗图谱反映了试片在海水中的腐蚀机制。一年周期电化学测试结果与失重法测得的腐蚀速率相近。     

Al-Bi-Pb-In-Ga合金牺牲阳极的组织与电化学性能研究

研制了一种Nl-Bi-Pb-In-Ga合金牺牲阳极；用恒电流法研究了合金在自来水、淡海水、人造海水介质中的电化学性能；用金相显微技术和扫描电子显微技术观察牺牲阳极的微观组织和腐蚀后的表面形貌；结果表明，合金化元素均匀弥散分布的Nl-Bi-Pb-In-Ga合金牺牲阳极在自来水、淡海水、人造海水介质中腐蚀溶解均匀，阳极极化弱，电极电位负，阳极利用率高。     

厌氧微生物对紫铜腐蚀行为的影响

采用开路电位、电化学极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究了紫铜在海洋厌氧菌影响下的腐蚀行为。结果表明,扫描电子显微镜SEM形貌分析结果表明在紫铜上附着的SRB海洋微生物呈微弯杆状,材料表面形成较致密的半透明的生物细菌膜。电化学测试结果表明,紫铜在SRB细菌培养基海水中的腐蚀过程主要受活化极化控制,SRB微生物的存在导致紫铜的开路电位和活化极化率变小,从而加速了紫铜的腐蚀进程。     

碳钢在不同类型海底沉积物中的腐蚀行为

采用弱极化曲线拟合和交流阻抗测量技术,研究了低碳钢在3种不同颗粒度的海底沉积物中的腐蚀行为.得到了有关的腐蚀速度和电化学参数,并初步探讨了腐蚀机理.     

海水中碳钢短期腐蚀行为的电化学研究方法

研究了海水中碳钢7周内短期腐蚀行为的电化学测试结果(包括极化曲线、线性极化法、电化学阻抗技术和恒电位阶跃法)的可靠性.结果表明,碳钢在海水中小于2个月的短期浸泡条件下,电化学方法和失重法测定的腐蚀速度均随时间逐渐减小,变化趋势相同,数值基本一致.这表明短期浸泡碳钢表面生成的腐蚀产物虽然阻碍了溶解氧的扩散,降低了腐蚀速度,但没有参加测试过程中的电化学反应.在各种电化学方法中,线性极化法和电化学阻抗技术测定的腐蚀速度与失重法最为接近,误差小于5%,可以用于2个月内短期海水浸泡碳钢的腐蚀速度监测和腐蚀行为评价.     

弱极化腐蚀监测技术在海水循环冷却中的应用

电化学测量技术是实现冷却水系统腐蚀在线监测的有效方法.如线性极化法、电阻法,虽然它们的使用有一定的局限性,但对冷却水腐蚀监测技术的发展具有积极作用.随着电子工业和生产技术的发展,出现了一些新的方法,其中开发和应用较好的有弱极化法、恒电量法、电化学阻抗法、电化学     

紫铜堆焊层耐蚀性的研究

本文采用反极性弱等离子弧将紫铜粉末堆焊到低碳钢表面,调节不同焊接工艺参数,利用金相、扫描电镜等检测技术对堆焊层金属的组织进行分析,并采用电化学测量方法研究堆焊层在PH=8．0,3．5％NaCl溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为。试验结果表明,紫铜堆焊层在3．5％NaCl溶液中有良好的耐蚀性能;电流为90A时,堆焊层金属耐蚀性最差,随着电流增大,耐蚀性逐渐变好,在130ABt最佳。     

金属腐蚀速度的电子计算机解析方法

本文通过曲线拟合法,分别对活化极化控制的腐蚀体系弱极化区的极化曲线以及恒电流充电曲线的实验数据进行数学解析。应用迭代的最小二乘技术,按FORTRAN语言编制源程序,用电子计算机分析电化学测试的极化数据,求出金属的腐蚀速度和其他电化学参数。列举了两个方法应用的实例,介绍了实验方法,并分别分析和讨论了这两种方法的可靠性、适用范围和影响测试的因素。     

热处理对低碳钢在酸性高Cl-浓度溶液中耐蚀性的影响

对低碳钢进行高温淬火处理,获得低碳马氏体组织。通过电化学性能试验,比较研究了马氏体组织和铁素体+珠光体两种组织对低碳钢在酸性Cl-浓度溶液中耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,与轧制F+P组织相比,在试验溶液中,具有马氏体组织的钢线性极化率和交流阻抗值略有提高,挂片腐蚀试验测得的年平均腐蚀率略有提高。     

Corrosion monitoring of nickel-containing steels in marine atmospheric environment

Corrosion monitoring of nickel-containing steels has been performed in a natural atmospheric environment using AC impedance technique. A pair of identical comb-shape steel electrodes embedded in epoxy resin was used as a probe electrode for the corrosion monitoring. Three different probes of ordinary carbon steel, 2.5%Ni- and 5%Ni-containing steels were exposed to a natural marine atmosphere for the period of 14 months. The instantaneous corrosion rate of the steels was monitored by continuous measurements of the polarization resistance, and time of wetness of the steel surface was determined from high frequency impedance. The measurement was automatically carried out with an AC corrosion monitor placed at the exposure site, and data transmission between the exposure site and laboratory was performed through cellular phones.     

A measurement system based on electrochemical frequency modulation technique for monitoring the early corrosion of mild steel in seawater

The electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) technique, featuring of obtaining the Tafel constants directly, small polarization and short measuring time, offers a novel way for electrochemical corrosion monitoring. According to current research, the EFM approach should be mostly limited to those corrosion systems with fairly high corrosion rate, such as mild steel or iron in acidic environment. In this paper, a system for EFM measurement was set up with a potentiostat, a laptop, a NI DAQ card and applications developed with LabVIEW 7.0. It was then applied to the mild steel/seawater system. The early corrosion rate for mild steel in Zhoushan seawater was determined in laboratory with EFM technique and another two general electrochemical techniques as well-analysis of the polarization curve in the vicinity of the corrosion potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The EFM measurements were performed with 0.02 and 0.05 Hz potential perturbation frequencies, and the EFM data were analyzed with activation-controlled equation. It was shown that the corrosion rates determined with EFM technique were higher than the real values, especially at longer exposed times when diffusion-controlled effect became obvious. But they were still at the same order of magnitude as those obtained with polarization curve analysis or weight loss method.     

弱极化曲线拟合技术在土壤腐蚀研究中的应用

在后插参比电极测量法的基础上,应用弱极化曲线拟合软件直接对极化曲线上弱极化区的数据进行拟合,求算动力学参数,从而估算出A3钢在黑潮土中不同水分含量下的腐蚀速度,与实际情况相比具有较好的对应性,并证实了钢铁材料在土壤中的腐蚀行为在大多数情况下受到阴极氧浓度极化的控制。     

熔盐腐蚀电化学

本文从热力学和动力学这两方面阐述了熔盐腐蚀的电化学研究方法。总结了金属在熔融氯化物、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、硝酸盐中的E-pO_2-图,Na-M-S-O 相图和金属氧化物在熔融硫酸盐中的溶解度。讨论了弱极化曲线拟合方程和腐蚀电流密度与微分极化电阻之间的关系。电化学技术是评价合金耐蚀性能,监控熔盐腐蚀速度的有效工具。     

植物废料提取液作为盐酸酸洗缓蚀剂的研究

用水蒸气-蒸馏法从樟树叶中提取桉叶油;并将其作为盐酸酸洗缓蚀剂的主要成分,用正交实验法优选了复合缓蚀剂配方;采用线性极化法评价缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率,并对其缓蚀机理进行了初步探讨.结果表明,复配缓蚀剂对碳钢在5%的盐酸溶液中有良好的缓蚀效果,属于混合控制型缓蚀剂.      

恒流脉冲技术检测管线钢土壤腐蚀

采用恒流脉冲技术测量X80高强管线钢在酸性红壤中的腐蚀速率,并与极化曲线结果对照。结果表明,两种方法所得腐蚀速率有较好的相关性;恒流脉冲法可快速获取金属材料土壤腐蚀界面的腐蚀动力学参数,且对体系扰动小,不受材料真实暴露面积的影响,适合于管线钢土壤腐蚀现场监测。     

A Contribution to the Acid Cleaning of Boilers

The dissolution rates of various types of magnetites are measured by a spectrophotometric technique allowing the determination of Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ ratio as a function of time. Some tests are also performed on magnetite electrodes galvanically coupled to steel electrodes. The influence of copper on the dissolution rate of magnetite is evaluated and the effect due to the presence of organic corrosion inhibitors is determined. A circulating loop operating with some boiler tube electrodes was assembled in order to verify the possibility of monitoring the acid cleaning treatment by electrochemical measurements. Electrode potential-time curves, polarization curves and polarization resistance data are recorded; the calculated corrosion rates are compared to weight-loss data obtained in the same experimental conditions. From the overall results some conclusions are reached both on the dissolution process of magnetite and on the monitoring of the acid cleaning treatment.     

腐蚀在线监测系统在青岛石化常减压装置的应用

通过在青岛石化安装腐蚀在线监测系统对常减压装置腐蚀在线监测系统的机理、功能进行了实验分析,结果表明,对常减压装置工艺防腐起到指导作用为加工高硫原油装置的防腐提供了有效的方法及对策.     

pH值和氯离子浓度对铁在酸溶液中的腐蚀电化学行为的影响

发展了一种根据弱极化区的单支极化曲线确定腐蚀电流密度Ⅰ_(corr)和阳极反应与阴极反应的Tafel斜率b_a与b_c的方法。利用这种方法研究了溶液pH值与Cl~-浓度对铁在酸溶液中的腐蚀电化学行为的影响,并用强极化区的实验数据进行了校验。结果表明,OH~-和Cl~-都参与了铁的阳极溶解过程,反应级数分别为1和0.5;b_a和b_c分别为40mV和120mV。提出了一个铁在含Cl~-的酸中阳极溶解反应的动力学模型。实验结果还证明,在pH值与Cl~-浓度两者对E_(corr)和Ⅰ_(corr)的影响之间并无交互效应。