SMA增容剂对PA6/PP合金性能影响和增容机理研究

采用苯乙烯接枝马来酸酐无规共聚物(SMA)作为增容剂,制备PA6/PP合金.研究了PA6/PP配比和SMA增容剂用量对合金热力学性能和吸水性的影响.实验结果表明:SMA对PA6/PP共混体系有很好的增容作用,当PA6/PP/SMA质量比为90/10/(2～4)时,合金综合性能最好,其中材料热变形温度、缺口冲击强度提高很大,吸水率下降明显.对合金的微观结构进行了分析,并对增容机理进行探讨.     

反应增容PA6/PBT共混体系聚集态结构与力学性能

通过熔融共混制备了SMA增容的PA6/PBT共混物,研究了增容剂对PA6/PBT共混体系聚集态结构及力学性能的影响。研究表明,SMA能有效地提高PA6/PBT共混体系两相间的相容性,降低分散相尺寸,使分散相分布均匀,同时有效地提高了共混体系的力学性能。通过对试样进行热处理,探讨了不同热处理温度对PA6/PBT共混合金力学性能的影响。结果表明,热处理能提高共混物的拉伸强度,但导致共混物的缺口冲击强度下降。     

PP/PC的结晶行为和物理性能

研究了PP／PC不同共混比对PP结晶行为、共混物物理性能的影响．探讨了以PP-g-MAH为增容剂、PF为增容助剂对共混物的增容效果。对比了单双螺杆挤出两种共混方式对共混物物理性能和相结构的影响。结果表明,PC的加入使PP球晶细化、结晶度降低、结晶不完善．共混物强度提高．韧性下降。加入PP—g—MAH可同时提高强度和韧性,再加入PF可使强度进一步提高．但韧性变差。PP／PP—g—MAH／PC的Tg与Tm差值比PP／PC的差值缩小了2．9℃,说明PP—g—MAH的确起到增容作用。运用双螺杆挤出机共混效果较好。     

PP-g-MAH对PA6/PP/TLCP三元共混物的增容改性作用

研究了PP-g-MAH对PA6／PP／TLCP三元共混体系的增容作用以及对共混物流变性能和力学性能的影响。通过共混物的DSC、SEM、POM、流变性能和力学性能测试，结果表明，PP－g-MAH对共混体系有明显的增容作用，共混物的力学性能（拉伸强度和冲击强度）得到提高；由于TLCP的加入，共混物的熔体粘度大大低于PA6的熔体粘度。     

SEBS-g-MAH增容PS/PC体系的结构与力学性能

研究了不同配比的聚苯乙烯/聚碳酸酯(PS/PC)共混体系的结构与力学性能及彼此之间的关系,讨论了增容剂氢化苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物接枝马来酸酐(SEBS-g-MAH)对共混物相容性及力学性能的影响。差示扫描量热分析表明,PS/PC表现出2个玻璃化转变温度(Tg),而PS/PC/SEBS-g-MAH则只有1个Tg。扫描电镜的分析结果表明,PS为连续相,PC为分散相,而且SEBS-g-MAH的加入使PS与PC的界面变得模糊。可见增容剂对共混体系具有明显的增容作用。共混物的冲击强度在PC用量大于30 phr时明显提高,拉伸强度和冲击强度在低PC含量时较纯PS有一定程度的下降,但随PC含量增加又逐渐提高;增容共混物的力学性能比未增容的有较大提高;当PC用量约40 phr时共混物具有最好的综合性能。     

PVC／NBR／HDPE共混体系相容性研究（Ⅰ）增容剂对力学性能的影响

采用丁腈橡胶（ＮＢＲ）及其氢化还原后产物（ＨＮＢＲ）为ＰＶＣ／ＨＤＰＥ共混体系的增容剂，研究了增容剂结构、用量及丙烯腈含量对共混体系相容性的影响。发现丁腈橡胶（ＮＢＲ２９及ＨＮＢＲ２９）对ＰＶＣ／ＨＤＰＥ体系有较好的增容作用，而ＮＢＲ４０及ＨＮＢＲ４０较差。当增容剂用量为２％，ＰＥ含量为８％～１２％时，共混物具有较好的相容性，力学性能得到改善。     

聚二甲基硅氧烷／聚氨酯共混体系的增容作用

采用聚二甲基硅氧烷－ｂ－聚乙二醇嵌段共聚物为增容剂，增容聚二甲基硅氧烷／聚氨酯共混体系，重点研究了增容剂的增容效应。结果表明，ＤＭＳ－ｂ－ＯＥ对ＰＤＭＳ／ＰＵ共混体系的增容效果与聚氨酯的化学结构有关；ＤＭＳ－ｂ－ＯＥ对聚二甲基硅氧烷／聚四氢呋聚氨酯共混体系有良好的增容作用使其力学性能有明显的提高。     

POE-g-SMA的制备及其对PA6/PTFE共混体系的增容作用

通过马来酸酐(MAH)和苯乙烯(St)双单体溶液接枝法制得了增容剂马来酸酐-苯乙烯接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-SMA),研究发现,接枝率与反应时间、温度、POE/SMA及引发剂用量有关;POE-g-SMA对聚酰胺6/聚四氟乙烯(PA6/PTFE)共混物有很好的增容作用,加入POE-g-SMA后,复合材料的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能得到改善。     

LCP微球对LCP/尼龙6共混体系力学性能的影响

制备了分散相呈球状微粒形貌的液晶聚合物/尼龙6 (LCP/PA6)共混体系,选用离聚物磺化聚苯乙烯锌盐(Zn-SPS)和反应性嵌段共聚物苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)作为体系的增容剂,探讨了在相间相互作用得以改善时,利用LCP微球改善 LCP/尼龙6 共混体系韧性的可能性。试样受拉后的形貌观察表明,在增容体系中,LCP微球很好地镶嵌在尼龙6基体中,粒子脱落的空洞发生了较大的形变。力学性能测试结果表明,LCP的加入使材料的拉伸强度低于纯尼龙6,加入增容剂后共混材料拉伸强度有所提高,其中LCP/PA6 (质量比10/90)共混体系增容后的拉伸强度与纯尼龙6 相当。所研究的增容体系的拉伸断裂吸收能均比未增容体系有所增加。其中,当 LCP的质量分数为4%时,Zn-SPS增容体系的拉伸断裂吸收能比未增容体系和纯尼龙6分别增加了12%和62%;当LCP的质量分数为10 %时,SMA增容体系的拉伸断裂吸收能比未增容体系和纯尼龙6分别增加了46%和55%。表明在适当条件下,利用LCP微球可以在保持共混体系的拉伸强度的同时提高材料的韧性。     

共聚物对PVC／PE共混物相容性的作用

本实验室合成了丁二烯－ｂ－甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物（ＰＢＤ－ｂ－ＰＭＭＡ），氢化聚丁二烯段得到含聚乙烯结构的氢化聚丁二烯－ｂ－甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物（ＨＰＢＤ－ｂ－ＰＭＭＡ）作为聚氯乙烯／聚乙烯（ＰＶＣ／ＰＥ）共混物的增容剂。实验结果表明，共聚物增加了ＰＶＣ／ＰＥ体系的相容性。共混物中加入共聚物后，体系的冲击强度，断裂伸长率和拉伸强度都有提高。动态粘弹谱和扫描电镜也证实了共聚物的增容作用。共聚物使共混体     

A study on compatibilization of AES/PA6 blends

Polyblends of Nylon 6 and AES were prepared and their mechanical properties and phase morphology examined. Two compatibilization techniques were evaluated: addition of a suitable block copolymer: poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (SMA); AES functionalization with maleic anhydride (MA) through reactive extrusion. As a preliminary test for the compatibilizing efficiency, SMAs and PA6 were compounded in a Brabender mixer, recording the torque during the operations and evaluating, by solvent extraction, the amount of SMA grafted to PA6. However, when moving to the ternary blends AES/SMA/PA6, the highest value of notched lzod impact strength (290 J m^–1 versus 20 J m^–1) was found for an SMA sample containing 24% MA, which did not show the highest reactivity with PA6 in the preliminary test run. This finding suggests that not only the reactivity towards PA6, but also the miscibility with AES phase (the highest for the SMA product with 24% MA) must be taken into account when designing the best performing compatibilizer. On the other hand, AES functionalization with MA and DCP proved to be more successful and the resulting 50/50 blend with PA6 exhibited an outstanding value of notched Izod impact strength (1050 J m^–1)     

玻璃纤维增强阻燃PC／ABS合金性能的研究

研究玻璃纤维增强PC／ABS合金在未加相容剂和分别加入相容剂ABS-g-MAH和AS-g-MAH的力学性能。结果表明，加入相容剂之后合金的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均得到提高，其中AS-g-MAH的增容效果更好。选用符合RoHS标准的卤锑系阻燃剂改性PC／ABS合金，发现合金的阻燃性能在达到UL94V-0级时力学性能略有下降。采用SEM图片观察PC／ABS合金加相容剂以及加纤前后的微观结构，发现微观形貌特征和力学试验结果完全相符。     

Structural-mechanical relationship of epoxy compatibilized polyamide 6/polycarbonate blends

Polyamide 6 (PA6)/polycarbonate (PC) blends compatibilized with solid epoxy resin (bisphenol type-A) were prepared by extrusion followed by injection molding. The effects of epoxy resin on the microstructure, tensile, impact and compatibility of the PA6/PC blends were investigated. The results showed that both the tensile modulus and elongation at break of PA6/PC blends were inferior as compared to their parent polymers. This resulted from incompatibility between the PA6 and PC phases. SEM observation revealed that the introduction of 0.5 part per hundred (phr) epoxy resin into the PA6/PC75/25 blend yields a finer dispersion of PC phase in PA6 matrix. The boundaries between the PC domains and PA6 matrix became obscure with the incorporation of 1 phr epoxy resin. Such an improvement in compatibility was suggested to be resulted from the formation of in situ epoxy bridged PA6-PC block copolymer in the blend during compounding. Consequently, the tensile modulus, yield strength and impact strength of the PA6/PC 75/25 blend improved considerably with increasing epoxy content.     

LLDPE-g-AA对LLDPE/PA6合金体系的增容作用

以挤出共混方法制备了不同组分的LLDPE/PA6合金材料,利用DSC、偏光显微镜等手段研究了LLDPE-g-AA对LLDPE/PA6共混体系的增容作用,并讨论了LLDPE-g-AA对LLDPE/PA6共混物的相容性及力学性能的影响。结果表明,LLDPE-g-AA的加入极为显著地增加了LLDPE/PA6体系两相界面的相互作用,当PA6加入量为10%,接枝物LLDPE-g-AA加入量为5%时,合金体系的冲击强度达到最高,较纯LLDPE增加了170%。     

SG增容PA6/sPS共混体系的形态结构与力学性能

采用一系列不同甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯(GMA)含量的苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯共聚物(SG)增容尼龙6(PA6)/间规聚苯乙烯(sPS)(80/20)共混物,通过扫描电镜及拉伸实验考察了SG共聚物中GMA的含量对共混物形态结构及力学性能的影响。形态观察显示,SG共聚物可以有效地降低PA6/sPS共混物中分散相的尺寸,增加两相界面间的粘接力;SG共聚物中GMA的含量对其增容效果有较大影响,质量分数为5%左右时,SG共聚物对PA6/sPS共混物的增容效果最佳。拉伸实验结果表明,PA6/sPS共混物的拉伸强度及模量随着SG共聚物的加入而增加,但其断裂伸长率在较高SG含量时则有所下降。     

具有高界面压应力的高分子共混物Ⅰ.制备和拉伸性能

考察了高界面压应力对不相容聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)/聚乙烯(PE)和聚碳酸酯(PC)/PE共混物拉伸性能的影响.高界面压应力是共混物低温成型(PE的成型温度)时,分散相与基体从加工温度冷却到室温过程中基体的收缩比分散相粒子大产生的.尽管PET/PE和PC/PE共混物极不相容,但拉伸强度和模量随着PET和PC含量增加而增加.PET与PC含量相同时,PC/PE的拉伸强度和模量高于PET/PE的.采用Takayanangi方程计算共混物的拉伸模量时,具有高界面压应力的PC/PE共混物的拉伸强度高于界面有良好粘结的共混物的理论值,表明在不添加增容剂时,可通过控制加工条件改善共混物界面相互作用,提高共混材料的性能.     

高抗冲导热绝缘PC/PE/Al2O3复合材料的制备与性能

以氧化铝(Al<,2>O<,3>)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)和聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐(PE-g-MAH)熔融共混挤出得到Al<,2>O<,3>导热绝缘母粒,然后再与聚碳酸酯(PC)熔融挤出的母料法(两步法)制得高抗冲导热绝缘PC俩/Al<,2>O<,3>(PE为LLDPE与PE-g-MAH)复合材料.探讨了相容刑种类...     

PP/PC共混材料的力学性能和断裂力学

采用双螺杆挤出机制备了以PP-g-MAH和PP-g-GMA为增容剂、PF为增容助剂的一系列配方的PP/PC共混物,由注射机制样,通过力学性能对比了不同增容体系的增容效果。用J积分的方法表征了PP/PC共混物的断裂韧性。结果表明,PP-g-GMA增容效果优于PP-g-MAH,且PP/PP-g-GMA/PC/PF(70/10/20/1)共混物具有较好的综合力学性能。     

The falling weight impact properties of maleic anhydride compatibilized polypropylene–polyamide blends

A series of polypropylene–polyamide 6 (PP–PA) blends of composition 80: 20, 50:50 and 20:80 have been prepared in a twin screw extruder followed by injection moulding. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene was used as a compatibilizer for these blends. Static mechanical and falling weight impact tests were performed on these blends. The fracture surfaces of impact specimens were subsequently examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties of the blends were found to be strongly dependent on the PP–PA blend ratios. The Young’s modulus, tensile strength and impact energy were observed to increase with increasing PA content. The impact strength was better in blends when the PA content approached 80 wt %. SEM observations revealed that the addition of compatibilizer resulted in good adhesion between the PP dispersed domains and PA matrix in the PP–PA 20:80 blend. Furthermore, the SEM fractographs also indicated that the cold drawn of PA matrix and debonding of PP domains were responsible for the high impact strength of this blend. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

PC/SMA合金的制备与性能

对ＰＣ／ＳＭＡ共混体系的ＤＳＣ、ＤＭＡ研究结果表明,该体系是一部分相容体系,随着ＭＡ含量的增大,体系的相容性提高,合金的缺口冲击强度大幅度下降,拉伸及弯曲强度水大。在共混体系中ＳＭＡ树脂的加入量以２０￣３０份为宜。流变学实验表明,共混体系的流动行为指数ｎ值小于１,ＰＣ树脂的加工性得到改善,而且ＳＭＡ树脂与ＰＣ在熔融共混时有接枝共聚反应发生;ＳＥＭ观察表明ＳＭＡ树脂的加入量及其中ＭＡ含量的提高都可以