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在官厅水库黑土洼人工潜流湿地建成后,运行管理是其长期发挥效益的有力保障,水生植物布局与管理是其中最重要的一个环节。通过官厅水库黑土洼潜流人工湿地长期实际运行情况,总结潜流人工湿地系统水生植物管理方面的经验,探索湿地水生植物合理布局、植物种植方法、病虫害防治方面的运行管理方法。 相似文献
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北方潜流人工湿地水质梯级净化能力分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
潜流人工湿地是人工湿地的主要类型,湿地梯级净化效果需要进一步研究。以官厅水库黑土洼地湿地系统示范工程为研究对象,通过近4 a实验,总结得出湿地对各类污染物的梯级净化效果。分析结果表明,人工湿地示范工程对水质净化效果较为明显,各个主要污染物的去除率平均达到40%以上;前两级湿地污染物的去除率占总去除率的比例大部分达到50%以上;潜流人工湿地具有进一步净化水质的潜力。基于分析结果,对于北方人工湿地的建设提出了有指导价值的建议,并指出了今后的研究方向。 相似文献
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为系统探究北方低温地区多级复合人工湿地水质净化效果,以官厅水库黑土洼湿地系统示范工程为例,选取2008—2021年共14年水质监测数据,分析了湿地系统整体净化效果,对比分析了稳定塘与人工湿地、表流湿地与潜流湿地净化效果。研究表明:黑土洼湿地对TN、NH3-N、NO3-N、TP、溶解性正磷酸盐磷、BOD5和CODMn去除率分别为53%、59%、52%、41%、39%、49%和21%;稳定塘与人工湿地净化效果差别较明显,稳定塘对TP、溶解性正磷酸盐磷去除效果较好,人工湿地对BOD5、CODMn及TN去除效果较好;潜流湿地和表流湿地的净化效果略有差别,相比较,潜流湿地对BOD5、CODMn及TN去除效果较好,对TP去除效果较差。研究结果可为北方低温地区湿地系统建设与运维提供参考。 相似文献
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温度和基质对人工湿地脱氮除磷效果的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
构建由潜流人工湿地和表流人工湿地串联而成的复合人工湿地系统,研究了复合人工湿地脱氮除磷效果以及温度和基质对人工湿地脱氮除磷效果的影响。结果表明,复合人工湿地TP、氨氮平均去除率为33.64%、57.24%;水温降低会导致人工湿地氮磷去除率下降;基质为粗砂的潜流人工湿地脱氮除磷能力大于基质为砾石的潜流人工湿地。 相似文献
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采用水平潜流人工湿地作为含油废水的三级处理工艺.试验研究了植物、季节变化对水平潜流人工湿地去除污染物性能的影响及湿地去除污染物的沿程趋势.结果表明,潜流湿地脱氮、降解有机物、去除油类性能与植物生长、季节变化密切相关,相关程度为脱氮>去除油类>降解有机物.潜流湿地脱氮、降解有机物、去除油类具有沿程同步性.芦苇湿地的去除污染物的性能明显好于空白湿地. 相似文献
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人工湿地是指人工筑成水池或沟槽,填充一定深度的基质,种植芦苇等根系发达的水生植物,污水由湿地的一端进入,以推流方式与布满生物膜的介质和溶解氧进行充分的植物根区接触,进行吸附、过滤、及湿硝化、反硝化作用而获得净化。人工湿地分为表面流人工湿地和潜流流人工湿地,潜流流人工湿地可分为水平潜流流人工湿地和垂直 相似文献
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对嘉兴地区主要给水厂近年来应用立体弹性填料、LT型悬浮球填料、YS型悬浮填料、卵石填料等的生物预处理工艺从填料及配套设施、工艺运行参数、运行效果、成本等方面进行了比较.认为弹性填料生物预处理更适用于低浊(50 NTU以下)、低氨氮(1.5 mg/L以下)原水,LT型悬浮球填料生物预处理适用于低中浊(100 NTU以下)、低中氨氮(2.5 mg/L以下)原水,YS型悬浮填料生物预处理及"SAF"滤池对低浊、中高氨氮(2.5 mg/L以上)原水有较好的适应性.最后探讨了弹性填料存在的短流、积泥,悬浮填料存在的部分填料流化不均匀,富氧的生物工艺单元内水生动物泛滥等问题. 相似文献
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Changes in nutrient levels in some Eastern European rivers in response to large-scale changes in agriculture. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
P St?lnacke S M Vandsemb A Vassiljev A Grimvall G Jolankai 《Water science and technology》2004,49(3):29-36
Since the late 1980s, the use of commercial fertilisers in most Eastern European countries has decreased at an unprecedented rate. We examined the impact of this dramatic reduction in agricultural inputs on concentrations of nutrients in four rivers in Eastern Europe: the Emajogi and Ohnejogi (Estonia), the Daugava (Latvia), and the Tisza (Hungary). Time series of nitrate (NO3-N) and phosphate (PO4-P) concentrations and data on runoff were selected to represent catchments with substantial areas of agricultural land and available time series of sufficient length and frequency. The study period was 1987-1998. We detected downward trends in nitrate-N and phosphate-P in only two of the four rivers. Our results imply that the response to the extensive decrease in agricultural intensity since the late 1980s has been slow and limited in many rivers. Corresponding results in the literature are inconclusive and comprise several examples of both decreasing and non-decreasing nutrient concentrations. Our findings, along with similar data from other studies, indicate that large cuts in nutrient inputs do not necessarily induce an immediate response, particularly in medium-sized and large catchment areas. Moreover, the difference we noted between nitrogen and phosphorus suggests that factors other than reduced fertiliser application influenced the inertia of the water quality response. 相似文献
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对长江、珠江等河口及其近海水域缺氧现象与影响因素进行研究,结果表明,主要分布于长江与珠江河口及其邻近海域的缺氧现象,夏季(6—8月)达到最盛,秋冬季消失;长江口的缺氧区域主要位于30.75°N~32°N,122.5°E~123.25°E附近海域,具有南北2个缺氧中心;珠江口缺氧程度相对较轻,缺氧区域主要在广州黄埔区河段至虎门水域和伶仃洋;辽河、钱塘江、海河等河口区域也时而出现零星的缺氧现象;水体缺氧受控于多项环境要素,物理层化作用是缺氧产生的最初诱因之一,陆源污染物的分解则是重要的耗氧负荷;各河口区特征各异,潮汐、洋流、营养盐、叶绿素a等要素对缺氧区的范围、程度和持续时间影响程度不一。 相似文献
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深圳河支流新洲河属雨源型河流,因污染而采取全线截排污水整治.在上游河道内利用生物飘带技术处理低浓度污水,处理达标后,作为河流生态水源.在中游将截排污水引入自然循环方式污水处理系统,处理达标后作为河道补水.下游利用射流清淤配合利用天文大潮进行水体交换,达到消除黑臭水体,维持河道水景观的目的.介绍新洲河水环境综合整治采用的几项关键技术的设计原理及应用效果. 相似文献
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Ecological river engineering can be defined as the design and implementation of river works and river restoration works for the benefit of human society. It also guarantees the sustainable ecological functions of a river, such as its habitats and self-purification of its water. It is currently in the beginning stages in Korea, utilizing scientific knowledge on the processes of aquatic ecosystem degeneration and a methodology for solving the ecological problems in artificially altered rivers currently under development. The changes in river management and work practices in Korea may be best explained with a chronologically progressing sequence of ‘Natural’, ‘Disaster-prevention’, ‘Occupied’, ‘Park’, and ‘Close-to-nature’ rivers. Since the 1960s, the focus on river management and work has shifted from flood control only, to both flood control and riverine habitat conservation and restoration. Five research topics have been selected for this article, and the progress of each research area is briefly described with a representative picture in each topic. They are as follows: (1) flow resistance due to vegetation, (2) environmental flow, (3) floodplain vegetation modeling, (4) small dam removal, and (5) river restoration. For the future prospects of research on ecological river engineering in Korea, a necessity of further research on floodplain vegetation recruitment and succession, which can explain the so-called ‘white river’ and ‘green river’, is underlined, among others. Finally, two ongoing large research programs on river ecosystem restoration, of which are sponsored by the Government of Korea, are briefly introduced, followed by the introduction of a near-prototype experiment facility recently completed mainly for research on ecological river engineering. 相似文献
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李广杰 《水科学与工程技术》2001,(5):7-8
洋河水库是我省重点病险库之一,1998年12月实施除险加固工程。工程建设过程中在科研、设计、施工及管理等方面取得了可喜的成果。通过研究分析,因地制宜地选择了天然建筑材料,合理确定了施工方案,有效保证了施工质量,节约了工程投资。 相似文献