煅烧釉料对抛釉砖釉面防污性能的影响

本文从抛釉砖釉层中气泡的残留量特性出发,研究了煅烧方式、煅烧温度、煅烧保温时间对生料型全抛釉原料特性的影响,创新性研制了煅烧料相应的透明釉料配方,并制定相应的合理窑炉烧成制度。研究表明:在1110℃的温度下煅烧生料型釉粉,煅烧保温时间15 min,可改变釉料的工艺性能,降低釉料自身烧失,同时产生相对生料釉更多的玻璃相填充釉料颗粒之间的空隙,从而有效地减少抛釉砖透明釉层中残留气泡的大小和数量,提升了抛釉砖釉面防污性能。     

浅谈抛釉砖淋釉釉浆性能控制方法

随着喷墨机的普及,全抛釉产品以其釉面防污性能好、图案纹理丰富逼真、层次鲜明等特点,已经占领陶瓷市场的半壁江山。晶刚釉作为全抛釉的升级产品,其攻克了全抛釉耐磨性能及平整度差的问题,已成为陶瓷市场的新宠。但晶刚釉属于熔块釉,其釉浆性能远比生料釉差,所以其控制难度更大。本文从釉料配方、釉料加工、釉浆陈腐等几个方面阐述晶刚釉釉浆的控制方法,以供同行参考。     

一种柔光抛釉砖的制备方法

本文介绍了柔光抛釉砖的生产工艺流程,重点介绍了制备方法中的底釉配方、柔光釉配方、烧成制度和抛光工序这四个关键技术,通过以上几个关键技术的综合得到的柔光抛釉砖产品光泽度为15~35,漫反射光柔和舒适、产品手感细腻平滑、耐磨性高、防污性能最优。     

一种显著减少抛釉砖釉面水波纹的工艺技术

本文介绍了釉面水波纹显著减少的抛釉砖的生产工艺流程,重点介绍了制备方法中的坯料化学成份、底釉和透明抛釉配方、施釉工艺、烧成制度及抛光工艺这五道关键技术,通过以上几个关键技术得到的拋釉砖产品釉面具备如下效果:釉面水波纹显著减少,平整度显著提高,釉面光泽度提高,图案立体感增强,防污性能优越。     

读者信箱

<正>问:近年来全抛釉瓷砖作为一种新型环保节能的釉面砖迅速成为市场上热销的瓷砖产品。什么是全抛釉瓷砖?其生产工艺是什么?答:1简介全抛釉瓷砖是通过在抛光仿古砖表面施一种特殊配方釉而制成的一种瓷砖。其坯体工艺类似于一般的釉面地砖,与抛光砖主要区别是它在施完底釉后印花,再施一层透明的面釉,烧制后把整个面釉抛去一部分,保留一部分面釉层、印花层、底釉,全抛釉瓷砖的主要目标是代替抛光砖。当前一般为透明面釉,施以全抛     

抛釉砖防滑工艺技术研究

根据市场上普通抛釉砖类产品普遍存在着防滑性能差,安全性能有待提高的特点,本文选择采用防滑剂对抛釉砖做后期防滑处理作为基准点,探讨不同防滑剂、不同防滑剂工艺方案、防滑剂不同用量和不同使用时间对抛釉砖防滑性的影响,得出抛釉砖后期防滑处理的最佳工艺方案,提高抛釉砖类产品的防滑性能。     

瓷片全抛釉的工艺技术探讨

“瓷片全抛釉”作为一种新型的瓷片釉下彩装饰技术,能大幅度地提高瓷片整体釉面效果,这将成为高端瓷片市场的一种趋势和潮流。本文阐述了瓷片全抛釉的生产工艺流程及参数,并分析了瓷片全抛釉各釉层的应力情况。通过分析得出．全抛釉釉层应力决定产品的热稳定性,坯体承受的应力决定砖形,只有两者之间都匹配适当．才是瓷片全抛釉产品的关键。生产过程的各个工艺参数都要控制好,才能达到生产作业优等率高的目标,取得良好的经济效益。     

全抛釉气泡影响因素的研究

针对目前建陶行业全抛釉气泡存在的难题,本文采用单因素实验法研究了全抛釉气泡的主要影响因素及其规律,揭示了坯体、底釉以及全抛釉的相关性能与气泡的关系。结果表明：全抛釉始熔点应与坯体的烧结性能以及底釉的融熔特性相匹配,严格控制全抛釉的高温黏度及表面张力有利于控制抛釉层中的气泡的数量和尺寸。全抛釉中形成一定量的晶体对气泡的控制和稳定有促进作用。     

如何解决淋釉时的凹釉问题

问:一般我们在生产全抛釉砖时,采用的是淋釉的工艺。但是有一个问题总是解决不了,不管是淋底釉还是淋面釉,都会容易产生凹釉。我们尝试了很多方法,如:调整釉料的比重、增加喷水量、调整坯温等都解决不了。请问彭总,这是什么原因,有什么办法可以解决?     

抛釉砖类产品的特点、不足及发展前景

由于瓷质抛光砖存在防污性差、工艺美学性欠佳两个方面的不足,所以一方面要解决它的防污性;另一方面要提高它的仿石材艺术效果的逼真度将成为科技人员研发新产品的技术思路。而抛釉砖类产品就是实现这种技术思路的最快捷的方式,由此抛釉砖类产品应运而生。本文详细阐述了抛釉砖类产品的特点及不足,并讲述了抛釉砖类产品的发展前景。     

抗菌功能陶瓷釉面砖的研究

通过在釉中引入银系无机抗菌剂,研制了低温一次快烧的具有抗菌功能的陶瓷釉面砖。采用陶瓷试验系统（ｃｅｒａｍｉｃ ｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌ ｔｅｓｔ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ,ＭＴＳ）用ＳＥＭ,ＥＰＭＡ等测定了材料的理化性能及微观结构。结果表明,该材料具有良好的抗菌性、耐久性及坯釉结合性,其他技术性能均达到国标。     

Melting behaviour of raw glazes

Melting behaviour of raw and inhomogeneous glazes influences the appearance and the properties of the final glaze surface. The melting behaviour was estimated from the sintering curves and characteristic samples measured with hot-stage microscopy. The glaze compositions were statistically chosen to cover the glaze-forming systems used in traditional ceramic industries. Altogether seventy-five compositions were mixed and ball-milled from seven different raw materials. The temperatures describing the sintering and melting of the glazes were mathematically modelled as functions of the raw material compositions. All the compositions were then also applied on raw floor tiles and fired in an industrial kiln for fast-firing (50 min) of dense floor tiles. The gloss of the fired glazes was mathematically modelled as a function of both the raw material and the oxide compositions. The resistance to abrasion and the crystalline phases of the fired surfaces were also determined.     

大规格瓷质全抛釉面砖试制及生产

简述了大规格瓷质全抛釉面砖在的试制过程、生产工艺和技术上的主要特点,同时对实际生产过程中应注意的配方问题以及具体的操作应用方法进行了分析。     

Zircon-free frits suitable for single fast-firing opaque wall tile glazes and their industrial productions

Wall tile glazes with a smooth surface texture, high glossiness, and whiteness are usually based on zirconium containing frits. However, these frits are quite expensive and therefore, there have recently been certain attempts to lower the production cost such as taking suitable glass–ceramic glaze systems into an account. With the present work, the frit-based glaze compositions belonging to the K₂O–MgO–CaO–ZnO–Al₂O₃–B₂O₃–SiO₂ glass–ceramic system were studied to prepare newly synthesized wall tile glazes for industrial single fast-firing. The design of a glass–ceramic glaze for this type of tiles should ensure that the selected frit precursor is technically and commercially compatible with the manufacturing conditions generally used in the production of glazed ceramic wall tiles. The aim of the study is to develop zircon-free, frit-based, glossy opaque glass–ceramic glazes for wall tiles by optimizing the CaO/MgO and adjusting the Al₂O₃/alkali ratios in the starting frit compositions. Frit production, glaze preparation, application, and single fast-firing of wall tiles were, first of all, conducted under laboratory working conditions and then, successful recipes were adapted to the relevant industry. The frit crystallization capability and crystallization temperature range were determined by differential thermal analysis (DTA). Thermal expansion coefficient values of glazes were determined by a dilatometer. Characterization of single fast-fired glass–ceramic glazes was made by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. Colour and gloss analyses of the final glazes were measured with a spectrophotometer and a gloss meter, respectively.     

Ascertaining the degradation state of ceramic tiles: A preliminary non-destructive step in view of conservation treatments

Conserving the cultural heritage is a general concern and the use of non-destructive techniques to characterize ancient materials is important. Serious deterioration effects in environmentally exposed ancient glazed ceramic tiles arise from the development of micro-organisms (algae/fungi) within the pore system. Subsequent biodegradation processes are particularly harmful once the decorated glaze is damaged by exfoliation/detachment.Three case studies will be addressed: Portuguese polychrome decorated tiles from the interior of two churches (16th–17th century) and from the outdoor of a Palace (18th century). Small tile fragments were directly irradiated in a wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer for glaze chemical characterization and subsequently irradiated in a powder diffractometer to assess the phase constitution of both glaze and ceramic body.Cleaning and conserving these ancient cultural artifacts involve a decontamination process applying innovative non-destructive techniques. The present work is intended as a contribution to diagnose the actual degradation state of ancient tiles in view of future decontamination actions using gamma radiation.     

大规格球磨机球磨釉料的探讨

8吨球磨机应用氧化铝刚玉质异形砖与普通瓷质砖砌筑成具有过渡圆角及不连续螺旋的新结构内衬（以下简称为新内衬），在广东某大型企业的生产线上球磨陶瓷耐磨地砖釉料，并就釉料颗粒大小及粒度分布、电耗、介质磨耗等与1．5吨球磨机进行对比，进行了实验研究。结果表明：配有新内衬的8吨球磨机可磨出颗粒较小、粒度分布较窄的质量好的釉料，且具有好的经济效益；在墙地砖大批量生产的条件下，采用新内衬的8吨等大规格球磨机替代1．5吨球磨机球磨普通釉料切实可行。     

包裹法国红色料在陶瓷领域应用的探索

探索包裹法国红色料在建筑陶瓷工业釉料、坯体中应用的工艺技术条件，采用正交实验方法找出包裹法国红色料在陶瓷釉料、外墙砖、地砖中的最佳发色条件：在釉料中一价的钾、钠离子特别利于该色料的发色；二价离子钡较好、钙次之、镁最差；法国红色料在普通熔块中发色不理想，在特制的熔块中发色良好。     

Underglaze engobe for ceramic facing tiles

A formula for white underglaze engobe is developed based on porcelain-faience waste (after the first firing) to be used on facing tiles with a dark-colored ceramic base. Applying this engobe to a dried tile ensures good sinterability of the engobe to the tile at higher temperatures of the first firing. This makes it possible to simplify the engobe composition and to improve the quality parameters of the tile itself and of the glaze coating.     

抗脏污陶瓷釉的研制

釉面针孔、橘釉和釉面凹坑是陶瓷釉面吸污的主要原因,针对这些原因,通过调整釉料配方,减少制品在烧结过程中气体的产生、调整釉的始熔温度、高温粘度和表面张力,可制得具良好抗脏污能力的陶瓷制品。     

远红外日用陶瓷釉的研究

通过在普通日用陶瓷釉中掺入远红外陶瓷粉,研究了远红外陶瓷粉对釉面质量(白度、光泽度、显微硬度)及远红外陶瓷釉辐射率的影响,探讨了不同分散剂对远红外陶瓷粉在基釉中的分散情况及其对陶瓷釉显微结构的影响。制备出了符合国家日用瓷质量标准、且具有高的远红外辐射性能的远红外日用陶瓷釉。