A modified direct torque control for induction motor sensorlessdrive

Direct torque control (DTC) is known to produce quick and robust response in AC drives. However, during steady state, notable torque, flux and current pulsations occur. They are reflected in speed estimation, speed response, and also in increased acoustical noise. This paper introduces a new direct torque and flux control based on space-vector modulation (DTC-SVM) for induction motor sensorless drives. It is able to reduce the acoustical noise, the torque, flux, current, and speed pulsations during steady state. The DTC transient merits are preserved, while better quality steady-state performance is produced in sensorless implementation for a wide speed range. The flux and torque estimator is presented and an improved voltage-current model speed observer is introduced. The proposed control topologies, simulations, implementation data, and test results with DTC and DTC-SVM are given and discussed. It is concluded that the proposed control topology produces better results for steady-state operation than the classical DTC     

基于空间矢量无速度传感器的直接转矩控制

直接转矩控制是一种高性能的交流传动控制系统,无速度传感器控制的研究代表了直接转矩控制系统的一个发展方向.在空间矢量模型基础上,介绍一种新的无速度传感器永磁同步电动机的直接转矩控制,它能降低稳态时转矩、磁链和速度的波动.在全速范围无速度传感器应用中,能产生更好的稳态性能的同时保留了DTC的暂态优点.仿真结果显示,该方法有着比传统的DTC更好的性能.     

Combining the principles of sliding mode, direct torque control, and space-vector modulation in a high-performance sensorless AC drive

A sensorless induction motor drive is presented, in which the principles of sliding-mode control, direct torque control (DTC), and space-vector modulation are combined to ensure high-performance operation, both in the steady state and under transient conditions. Merits of the classic DTC transient behavior are preserved, while the steady-state operation is significantly improved. The torque and flux controllers, and motor state observer are of the sliding-mode type. The inverter is directly controlled on the basis of torque and flux errors, using space-vector pulsewidth modulation. Computer simulations and experimental results presented demonstrate the robustness, accuracy, quickness, and low-chattering, wide-speed-range operation of the drive.     

关于异步电机直接力矩控制的研究

直接力矩控制是交流调速中一种新颖、有效的控制方法。首先介绍了异步电机的数学模型 ,在此基础上对直接力矩控制进行了理论分析 ,并介绍其磁通、力矩控制方法 ,给出磁通观测器和力矩观测器 ,同时也对无速度传感器的直接力矩控制作了简要介绍     

Very-low-speed variable-structure control of sensorless induction machine drives without signal injection

A sensorless induction machine drive is presented, in which the principles of variable-structure control and direct torque control (DTC) are combined to ensure high-performance operation in the steady state and under transient conditions. The drive employs a new torque and flux controller, the "linear and variable-structure control", which realizes accurate and robust control in a wide speed range. Conventional DTC transient merits are preserved, while the steady-state behavior is significantly improved. The full-order state observer is a sliding-mode one, which does not require the rotor speed adaptation and provides accurate state estimation in the entire speed range. The proposed scheme is a complete variable-structure solution that allows persistent sensorless operation of the drive at very low speeds, including zero and 3 r/min, with full load. Simulations and extensive experimental results confirm the robustness, accuracy, quickness, and low-chattering operation of the drive.     

一种新颖的无传感器异步电动机直接转矩控制系统

磁链的准确估计是无传感器直接转矩控制系统的关键,本文提出了新型改进低通滤波器和PLL锁相环技术相结合的磁链估计新方法.该方法提高了定子磁链的估计精度,改善了无传感器异步电动机直接转矩控制系统的动静态性能.仿真结果和实验结果表明了基于新方法的无传感器直接转矩控制系统的良好动静态性能及其对定子电阻的鲁棒性.     

Speed sensorless torque control of an IPMSM drive with online stator resistance estimation using reduced order EKF

Speed sensorless control of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) based on direct torque control (DTC) is proposed in this paper. The rotor speed and position of the IPMSM are estimated based on an active flux concept, where, the active flux vector position is identical to the rotor position. The proposed algorithm does not require neither high frequency injection signal nor complicated schemes even at vary low speed operation. Torque/ flux sliding mode controller (SMC) combined with space vector modulation is proposed to improve the performance of the classical DTC. Stator resistance value is required for a stator flux and electromagnetic torque estimation. Its variation due to temperature or frequency degrades the scheme performance, especially, at low speed operation. To overcome this problem, a reduced order extended Kalman filter (EKF) is proposed to update online the stator resistance. The advantages of the direct torque control, sliding mode controller, and speed sensorless control are incorporated in the proposed scheme. Simulation works are carried out to show the ability of the proposed scheme at different operating conditions. The results demonstrate the activity of the scheme at wide range speed operation with load disturbance and parameters variation.     

Speed-sensorless direct torque control of induction motors using anadaptive flux observer

This paper presents a new sensorless induction motor drive. The drive uses an adaptive flux observer for speed estimation and the discrete-time direct torque control technique for torque and stator flux control. The adaptive flux observer uses a mechanical model to improve the behavior during speed transients. The estimated stator flux of the adaptive observer is used in the discrete-time direct torque control method to provide fast torque response combined with torque-ripple-free operation over the whole speed range. The sensorless drive system is capable of working from very low speed to high speed and exhibits good dynamic and steady-state performance. The steady-state and dynamic performance of the proposed sensorless drive using simulation and experimental results are demonstrated     

Sensorless Direct Torque Control of Five-Phase Interior Permanent-Magnet Motor Drives

This paper presents the sensorless direct torque control (DTC) technique for five-phase interior permanent-magnet (IPM) motors. By using the introduced technique, fast torque response with low ripple in the stator flux and torque of the five-phase IPM can be achieved. Having 32 space voltage vectors provides a great flexibility in selecting the inverter switching states. Therefore, the stator flux and torque can be more precisely adjusted. Position information and speed are being estimated based on the position of the stator flux linkages. The mathematical model of the five-phase IPM motor is first derived. Later, the speed sensorless DTC method of the five-phase system is introduced. A five-phase IPM motor and a five-leg insulated-gate-bipolar-transistor-based inverter were designed and fabricated in the laboratory. The control method is implemented on a TMS320C32 digital signal processor board.     

A novel direct torque control for interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine drive with low ripple in torque and flux-a speed-sensorless approach

A novel direct torque control (DTC) scheme for an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) is proposed in this paper, which features low torque and flux ripple and almost fixed switching frequency. The torque and flux ripples have been significantly reduced compared with those of the basic DTC reported in the literature. A speed estimation scheme is integrated with the proposed DTC scheme in order to achieve a fully sensorless high-performance IPMSM drive.     

采用定子电阻辨识和无速度传感器的异步电机直接转矩控制模糊系统

为解决异步电动机直接转矩控制(direct torque control,DTC)中低速运行时定子电阻变化对系统性能影响较大的问题,提出了一种基于定子电阻辨识和无速度传感器的异步电机直接转矩控制模糊系统。其中定子电阻采用模糊神经网络进行辨识;电机转速采用基于转子磁链的模型参考自适应系统(model reference adaptive sys-tem,MRAS)法进行估计;同时采用三输入单输出的模糊控制器调节脉冲宽度调制(pulse width modulation,PWM)信号占空比的异步电动机直接转矩控制的策略,三输入变量为转矩误差、磁链幅值误差和磁通角。此策略即在传统异步电动机直接转矩控制的基础上,用模糊控制器代替传统DTC中的滞环比较器和空间电压矢量状态选择器来细分控制规则,最后控制逆变器的开关,以减小低速时转矩和磁链脉动,提高系统转矩响应速度。仿真结果表明该系统可减小转矩和磁链脉动,提高系统的鲁棒性和自适应性,改善系统的动、静态品质。     

基于EKF PMSM定子磁链和转速观测直接转矩控制

针对传统直接转矩控制中存在电流、磁链和转矩脉动较大、及速度传感器的使用降低了系统可靠性、增加了系统成本等问题,提出基于扩展卡尔曼滤波器同时进行定子磁链和转速观测,实现了表面式永磁同步电动机无传感器直接转矩控制.该方法保持了直接转矩控制固有的转矩响应快和系统鲁棒性强的优点,降低了磁链和转矩脉动,并对电动机参数变化、负载扰动具有较强的鲁棒性,有效地改善了系统的动、静态运行性能,实验验证了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

基于恒定开关频率的内置式永磁同步电机直接转矩控制方法

针对传统直接转矩控制方法存在着开关频率不恒定和转矩脉动较大的问题,采用了一种基于恒定开关频率的内置式永磁同步电机直接转矩控制方法,该方法由一个PI调节器和一个三角波载波器组成,通过比较PI转矩调节器的输出与固定频率载波信号,实现了逆变器开关频率恒定,从而有效降低了电机运行中的转矩脉动和改善了电流畸变;并对所提出的转矩调节器提供了详细的数学建模过程和小信号稳定性分析。仿真结果表明该算法在保持快速动态响应的前提下,可有效改善内置式永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统的稳态运行性能,同时系统的开关频率保持近似恒定。     

基于定子磁场定向的永磁辅助同步磁阻电机无差拍直接转矩控制

针对永磁辅助同步磁阻电机(PMASynRM)直接转矩控制(DTC)转矩脉动较大的问题,研究了基于PMASynRM的无差拍直接转矩控制（DB-DTC）方案。该方案将有效磁链的概念引入PMASynRM,〖JP2〗提取转子位置信息应用于DB-DTC,提高了电机的运行性能;采用了基于定子磁场定向的无差拍转矩控制方法以简化计算和有效抑制转矩脉动。搭建基于定子磁场定向的无差拍直接转矩磁链控制（DB-DTFC）模型并在MATLAB/Simulink软件上进行仿真试验,验证了该算法可以有效减小磁链和转矩脉动,具有较好的动态和稳态性能。     

磁通观测改进的无速度传感器DTC系统

针对定子电阻摄动与积分漂移对直接转矩控制(DTC)性能的影响,在分析直接转矩控制特点的基础上,推导了以电机有功功率为基础的定子电阻辨识算法与以反电动势为基础的定子磁链辨识算法,并将坐标系定向于定子电流矢量上推导出转速估计算法.以此建立的直接转矩控制系统,定子电阻辨识算法不依赖电机其他易变参数,转速估计中未使用转子电阻或转子时间常数;通过4kW感应电机无速度传感器DTC系统仿真试验表明,积分漂移得到有效抑制,估计速度与实际速度良好吻合,系统具有较好调速性能.     

Hardware Implementation of Direct Load Angle Controlled Induction Motor Drive

In this article, a direct load angle (DLA) control method for induction motor drive is proposed to reduce the torque and flux ripple. It is based on control of incremental change in load angle. The torque control is achieved without losing the benefits of conventional direct torque control (DTC) by reference stator flux angle, which is the sum of load angle and rotor flux angle. In this proposed DTC scheme, coordinate transformation is not required in torque control unit and reference voltage sector number and angle are not required in PWM unit, which reduces the control complexity. Proposed DTC control method is applied to two level voltage source inverter fed induction motor drive and hardware results are presented. From the hardware results, it is found that the proposed DTC control scheme impressively reduces the torque and flux ripples when compared with conventional space vector modulation (SVM) DTC.     

基于无速度传感器预测控制DTC系统研究

提出了一种基于空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)预测控制方法的无速度传感器直接转矩控制(DTC)系统方案.根据转矩和定子磁链的误差,计算下一个控制周期输出的电压矢量,使该误差趋于零,并采用SVPWM调制方式合成该电压矢量,使开关频率恒定;选择合适的磁链检测方法,并基于模型参考自适应(MRAS)方法实现了无速度传感器的转速检测.在自主设计的变频器样机上实现了该系统方案,得到了较为理想的实验结果,并验证了系统设计方案的可行性.     

一种新型永磁同步电动机滑模变结构直接转矩控制系统

传统的转矩和磁链双滞环型永磁同步电动机直接转矩控制系统具有转矩脉动大、开关频率不恒定、运行噪音大等缺点。为此,基于滑模变结构理论及空间电压矢量调制技术,提出一种新型永磁同步电动机直接转矩控制策略。根据永磁同步电动机定子磁链定向坐标系中的数学模型及滑模变结构理论推导出定子磁链及转矩控制规律。实验结果显示新型直接转矩控制具有转矩动态响应迅速,稳态转矩脉动和磁链脉动低,电流波形光滑,驱动系统对参数变化不敏感。     

一种新型永磁同步电动机滑模变结构直接转矩控制系统

传统的转矩和磁链双滞环型永磁同步电动机直接转矩控制系统具有转矩脉动大、开关频率不恒定、运行噪音大等缺点.为此,论文基于滑模变结构理论及空间电压矢量调制技术,提出一种新型永磁同步电动机直接转矩控制策略.根据永磁同步电动机定子磁链定向坐标系中的数学模型及滑模变结构理论推导出定子磁链及转矩控制律.实验结果显示新型直接转矩控制...     

基于滑模和空间矢量调制的永磁同步电动机直接转矩控制

针对永磁同步电动机(IPMSM)的常规直接转矩控制(DTC)中存在的磁链转矩脉动大和开关频率不恒定等问题,在建立定子磁链坐标系下永磁同步电动机数学模型的基础上,提出了一种基于滑模和空间矢量调制(SVM)的新型DTC方法,该方法利用转矩和磁链滑模控制器(SMC)替代常规DTC中的磁滞比较器和开关策略,再结合空间矢量调制方法控制逆变器运行。仿真和实验结果证明了这种基于空间矢量调制的直接转矩控制方法可以有效地减小常规直接转矩控制中的磁链和转矩脉动,并使逆变器工作在恒定的开关频率下。