溴丙磷的气相色谱分析

采用气相色时测定溴丙磷原药及制剂的含量，选用５％ＯＶ－１０１／Ｇａｓ Ｃｈｒｏｍ Ｑ色谱柱，以邻苯二甲酸二丁酯为内标物，三氯甲烷为溶剂，用氢火焰离子化检测器测定，其回收率在９８．６￣１００．４％，原油和乳油的变异系数分别为０．４２％和０．４８％。     

甲胺磷高效液相色谱分析方法的研究

本文研究了甲胺磷ＨＰＬＣ分析方法，采用ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣＮ为固定相，以甲醇和水为流动相分离测定甲胺磷。方法的线性相关性好，甲胺磷原油和乳油的变异系数分别为０．３４％，０．４７％，回收率分别为９９．５￣１００．４％、９９．１￣１００．５％。     

水法杀虫双单钠盐原粉结晶工序的工艺探讨

探讨杀虫双原药有效体含量≥３２％，原药中Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ３含量≤４％，结晶ｐＨ值为４．０－５．５。在０℃以下，搅拌结晶，可得杀虫双原粉含量９２．０４％左右，出粉率５８．５９％、ＮａＣｌ含量小于５％，Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ３含量小于１．５％。     

四种复混杀虫剂及除草剂的同柱气相色谱测定法研究

探讨了使用５％ＯＶ－１０１或ＳＥ－３０／ＣｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｒｂＧＡＷＤＭＣＳ（０．２５～０．１８ｍｍ粒径）填充的长１．０ｍ，内径２～３ｍｍ玻璃色谱柱，对复混农药敌溴、氯胺、乐氰乳油及苄甲粉剂中有效成分敌敌畏和溴氰菊酯、水胺硫磷和氯氰菊酯、乐果和氰戊菊酯、苄嘧磺隆和甲磺隆的气相色谱分析法。样品测定结果的标准偏差≤０．２８％，变异系数≤１．７％。准确度试验所测得的平均回收率为９７．６％～１０１．６％。     

灭多威原药及乳油的气相色谱分析

本文选取了５％ＯＶ－１０１／ＣｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｒｂＷ－ＡＷＤＭＣＳ（６０～８０目）为色谱柱，磷酸三丁酯为内标物，对灭多威原药及乳油进行气相色谱分析。结果表明：标准偏差为０．９４，变异系数为１．０１％。     

35%硫丹乳油的气相色谱分析

本文报道一种硫丹油气相色谱分析方法。在５％ＳＥ－３０／Ｅａｓ Ｃｈｒｏｍ Ｑ色谱柱上硫丹α－体和β－体及内标物癸二酸二丙酯的保留时间分别为９．６３、１３．２５和６．２５分钟．α－体和β－体的平均标准偏差分别为０．１１和０．０６，平均变异系数分别为．４５％和０．６６％，平均回收率分别为１００．２％和９９．２％。     

吡虫啉原药的液相色谱分析

本文采用反相液相色谱法，选择Ｃ１８色谱柱，以乙腈，甲醇和水为流动相，２６７纳米检测，外标法测定吡虫啉原药的含量。该方法操作简便，快速，准确，其变异系数为０．３９％，标准偏差为０．３３，平均回收率为９９．５８－１０１．２％，线性相关系数为０．９９９５。     

双氧威的高效液相色谱分析

采用高效液相色谱，以甲醇＋水（６８＋３２）作流动相，外标法测定双氧威原药。方法的标准偏差为０．４９，变异系数为０．５％，回收率在９９．１－１０１．０％之间。     

噻嗪酮-杀扑磷复配制剂的高效液相色谱分析

用反相高效液相色谱法，采用ＯＤＳ－Ｃ１８色谱柱，以甲醇＋乙腈＋水为流动相，在２３０ｎｍ下同时测定噻嗪酮和杀扑磷的含量。噻嗪酮平均回收率为１００．５％，变异系数为０．７９％；杀扑磷平均加以率为１００．４％，变异系数为１．３４％，方法准确、快速。     

高效液相色谱法测定甲萘威及其游离酚

研究了用反相ＨＰＬＣ测定甲萘威及其游离酚的方法。该方法的标准偏差为：甲萘威：０．１９;１－萘酚：０．００１６;２－萘酚：０．０００５,回收率为：甲萘威：９８．３９％－１０１．８２％;游离酚：９７．８２％－１００．１５％。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。