基于模糊控制的半数字键盘电梯群控系统

电梯群控系统的结构决定着电梯交通信息的完善性。信息的非完整性妨碍了电梯群控调度算法的实施。而全数字键盘虽然可以对电梯实施更好的调度,但是硬件的安装增加了电梯系统的成本。文中介绍了一种经济型的半数字键盘的电梯群控模型,能够降低成本和获取必要的客流信息。基于乘客两种不同需求的考虑,推导了乘客的最长候梯时间和最大冲击数的估算公式,采用基于模糊控制的电梯群控策略,符合人们对电梯服务水平的语言级评价。文中仿真试验在采用的半数字电梯群控系统和常规电梯群控系统、全数字群控系统之间做了比较。结果表明,该群控模型表现出较好的性能,乘客的乘梯时间和服务时间有所降低,是一种经济实用的群控模型。     

基于现场总线的电梯群控模型及其算法

分析了几类现场总线和电梯群控的特点,提出一种基于Profibus现场总线的电梯群控模型和一系列易于在现场总线上实现电梯群控的算法。在搭建的电梯群控模型上实现了并行控制和多目标规划电梯群控算法。同时预测未来现场总线技术和现代控制方法的一个巧妙的结合方法：在线运行,离线学习。从实现的电梯群控效果和模糊神经网络算法仿真的效果来看,多目标规划算法是一个不错的电梯群控算法,但是相对于模糊群控算法来说略有不如。因此,这种在线运行,离线学习的策略将来一定能够在可靠的现场总线控制网络和运算能力相对较强的PC机之间找到一个很好的控制策略。     

LonWorks电梯群控系统仿真平台的设计

为了提高电梯群的运行效率和服务质量,需要采用电梯群控系统来协调各电梯的运行,电梯群控系统的核心问题是电梯群控算法及其性能的测试.采用分布式设计思想,设计了一种基于LonWorks的电梯群控系统仿真平台,可以将不同的电梯群控算法程序下载到该仿真平台上测试,能比较出群控算法的性能和效率.结果表明,所设计的仿真平台能够测试电梯群控算法的优劣,是一种经济、实用、有效的实验平台.     

基于模糊综合评判的电梯群控算法的研究与实现

在研究多种电梯群控智能算法的基础上，提出基于多目标模糊综合评判的电梯群控算法。应用西门子公司的SIMATIC STEP7编程软件，仿真实现电梯群控的多目标模糊综合评判算法，仿真结果表征了其有效性。同时，为电梯群控优化算法的研究提供一种新思路。     

电梯上高峰动态规划分区控制方法的研究

研究电梯在上高峰模式下,采用动态规划方法进行动态分区的电梯群控方法.将乘客的乘梯时间和候梯时间作为目标函数,在上高峰模式下对电梯群控的各部电梯进行最优分配,达到节能、快速和提高电梯利用率的目的.通过几种群控算法的仿真比较,验证了基于动态规划方法进行动态分区电梯群控方法的良好效果.     

目的层预约与多智能体协调的电梯群控调度方法

针对电梯群控调度过程中交通流和乘客目的楼层的不确定性,为克服集中式群控系统计算瓶颈问题,提出了基于目的层预约结合多智能体技术的电梯群控调度方法。首先,设计了该电梯群控调度系统的结构,分析了目的层预约的多目标评价函数;然后,提出基于模糊逻辑的电梯交通模式在线识别方案,实现实时地更新不同交通模式下对应的各控制目标的权系数;最后,结合多智能体技术具有良好的实时性和自主性的特点,将各轿厢运行控制器和群控制器映射为多个代理,通过各个代理之间协调多目标优化任务以得到平均候梯时间、平均乘梯时间及能源消耗整体最优的分布式电梯群控调度算法。     

电梯群的可调整鲁棒优化调度

为解决电梯群控调度(GES)中乘客交通流不确定问题, 提出基于可调整鲁棒优化的电梯群控调度方法. 基于对电梯交通流的不确定特性分析, 建立了电梯群控调度的不确定优化模型. 利用可调整鲁棒优化方法将电梯群控调度的不确定模型转化为其可调整鲁棒对等式. 在此基础上, 证明了在不确定集为椭球集直积时, 电梯群控调度模型的可调整鲁棒对等式(ARC)是可计算的. 仿真验证表明, 与其他的调度方法相比, 该方法具有较好的调度性能, 提高了调度对不同乘客交通流模式的适应性.     

电梯上高峰动态规划分区控制方法的研究

研究电梯在上高峰模式下，采用动态规划方法进行动态分区的电梯群控方法，将乘客的乘梯时间和侯梯时间作为目标函数，在上高峰模式下对电梯群控的各部电梯进行最优分配，达到节能、快速和提高电梯利用率的目的，通过几种群控算法的仿真比较，验证了基于动态规划方法进行动态分区电梯群控方法的良好效果。     

分布式电梯群控系统多目标调度算法

基于多代理系统(MAS)的分布式电梯群控系统将电梯及群控器映射为具有不同功能的代理(agent), 呼梯信号的分派通过各agent协商解决, 使梯群调度算法的计算工作量分散到各agent. 基于拟市场模型, 分布式群控算法主要包括较厢代理(C-agent)报价算法及呼梯信号代理(HC-agent)电梯分派算法等. 设计实现了旨在同时降低平均候梯时间、平均乘梯时间及长候梯率的多目标分布式群控算法DMO. 仿真结果表明, 基于MAS的分布式电梯群控系统是可行的, 所设计的分布式群控算法能够使平均候梯时间、平均乘梯时间及长候梯率同时得到优化.     

基于CiA DSP417协议的电梯群控系统构建

为了提高电梯群控系统性能,实现电梯部件即插即用的特性,提出了基于CANopen电梯高层应用层协议CiA DSP417协议的电梯群控系统构建的新观点;以ARM7核微处理器LPC2292为电梯主控制器核心,以CAN总线控制器芯片MCP2515和收发芯片TJA1050构成CANbus通讯接口,构建总线型电梯群控系统;以CANbus总线构建电梯群控分布式控制网络,以CiA DSP417协议作为电梯通讯协议,可以极大提高电梯群控性能,促进新型群控算法研究,推进电梯控制技术向高层次发展。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。