含铜CGO硅钢高温退火过程中的织构演变规律

对低温板坯加热工艺生产的以Cu_2S为主要抑制剂的CGO硅钢的高温退火过程进行了试验,使用X射线衍射仪和电子背散射衍射技术对高温退火过程中不同阶段的织构演变规律进行了分析。结果表明,该工艺条件下CGO硅钢在700℃完成初次再结晶,1000℃时已经发生了二次再结晶,初次再结晶基体中以γ织构和{112}110织构为主,Goss晶粒含量很少,平均位向偏差角为16°左右;二次再结晶发生后,Goss晶粒的位向偏差角降低到10°以下,随着退火温度的升高Goss晶粒的位向逐渐准确。     

CGO硅钢各阶段织构遗传继承性的EBSD分析

利用EBSD技术对CGO硅钢热轧、中间退火、脱碳退火及二次再结晶退火组织及织构进行分析,研究了CGO硅钢各阶段加工制备过程中高斯{110}001晶粒的形状、尺寸及分布特点,分析了高斯取向晶粒在各工序过程中的遗传继承性特点。结果表明,CGO硅钢热轧板的次表层存在Goss取向晶粒,历经一次冷轧及中间退火后Goss取向晶粒基本消失,一次再结晶之后Goss织构仍不是主要织构,主要织构为{111}110和{111}112,说明Goss取向晶粒在二次再结晶退火前数量及尺寸上并不占优势,二次再结晶过程中Goss取向晶粒异常长大形成锋锐Goss织构。{111}110和{111}112织构组分的强度在一次冷轧中不断增加,{111}112织构组分的强度在二次冷轧后达到最大而{111}110织构组分是在初次再结晶后变强。     

脱碳退火保温时间对取向硅钢组织、织构及磁性能的影响

通过研究脱碳退火保温时间对取向硅钢初次再结晶组织、织构及高温退火样品磁性能的影响,探讨了有利于Goss晶粒异常长大的初次再结晶环境。结果表明,在820℃进行脱碳退火,当保温时间从2 min增加到6 min时,初次再结晶织构中Goss晶粒相对于{111}112和{111}110晶粒的尺寸优势逐渐增加,{111}110含量逐渐升高,且1/8层中Goss相对于其他取向晶粒尺寸优势稳定,使取向硅钢二次再结晶晶粒尺寸逐渐增大、磁性能逐渐提高。     

湿H2气氛下CGO硅钢初次再结晶织构演变行为

通过对湿H2气氛下,相同退火温度、不同退火时间的CGO硅钢初次再结晶样品进行金相组织观察,并进行了EBSD微观织构分析,研究了CGO硅钢初次再结晶过程中的组织及再结晶织构演变行为。结果表明,在湿H2气氛下,820℃保温,CGO硅钢初次再结晶过程约在120 s时完成。随着退火时间的延长,γ面上{111}<112>织构含量逐渐减少,{111}<110>织构先减少后增多,随着再结晶的完成,部分{111}<112>取向晶粒向高斯{110}<001>取向转化的同时,也向{111}<110>取向转化,高斯{110}<001>织构含量逐渐增多。高斯取向晶粒较多是由{111}<112>取向晶粒转化而来,同时也证明了CGO硅钢高斯取向晶粒的二次再结晶异常长大生长机制为择优形核。     

无抑制剂取向硅钢初次再结晶退火

在实验室中采用无抑制剂法制备取向硅钢,利用XRD、TEM等方法研究了冷轧和初次再结晶阶段的微观组织与织构。结果表明,冷轧板织构主要由α织构和γ织构组成;初次再结晶退火后α织构减弱,γ面织构{111}112增加,初次再结晶退火70 s后出现Goss织构。EBSD分析显示Goss位向晶粒大多与{111}112位向晶粒相邻;随退火时间的增加,Goss和{111}112位向晶粒均有所增加。     

取向硅钢二次再结晶过程中的取向选择行为

采用实验和计算的方法研究了取向硅钢二次再结晶织构的演变过程。发现取向硅钢通过二次再结晶过程中连续的取向选择,最终获得单一Goss ({110}001)织构。在二次再结晶动力学模型中引入依赖取向的相对晶界能系数,可定量描述不同偏差角Goss及非Goss取向晶粒的长大速率差异。通过分析初次再结晶晶粒尺寸分布、晶界特征和抑制力水平等因素对二次再结晶取向选择行为的耦合影响,提出增强Goss晶粒取向选择优势的多参数匹配方法。     

脱碳退火保温时间对含铌低温取向硅钢初次再结晶的影响

取向硅钢初次再结晶的组织、织构对二次再结晶过程中形成锋锐的高斯织构至关重要。利用OM与EBSD技术,对脱碳退火不同保温时间下各试样初次再结晶组织、织构和晶界的形成规律进行了研究。结果表明:采用850℃保温5 min的脱碳退火工艺,得到的初次再结晶晶粒最为均匀细小,对后续过程中形成高取向的Goss织构有利;经脱碳退火后各试样中织构主要以{111}112、{411}148织构为主,随退火时间的延长,{111}112织构先增强后减弱,{111}110织构逐渐增强;当脱碳退火保温时间为5 min时,高能晶界及大角晶界所占比例最高,在二次再结晶时有较高迁移速率,有助于最终获得锋锐的Goss织构。     

硅钢极薄带三次再结晶退火过程中的组织演化

采用异步轧制方法将成品工业取向硅钢板冷轧到0.10mm,然后在氢气热处理炉中进行三次再结晶高温退火,研究异步轧制硅钢极薄带退火过程中的再结晶过程.结果表明,硅钢极薄带在800℃退火时发生初次再结晶,晶粒取向主要为高斯取向,磁感低;900℃时初次再结晶中极少数晶粒突然长大而发生二次再结晶,对0.1mm的极薄带不能形成完善的高斯织构,磁性能下降;在1200℃时在合适的退火条件下可以发生三次再结晶,在极薄带中获得了取向集中的高斯织构和优异的磁性能.     

渗氮及预处理对取向硅钢二次再结晶的影响

对硅钢进行离子渗氮,改变其表面氮浓度,可显著影响二次再结晶效果。结果表明,渗氮增量约为0.02wt%时最有利于Goss织构的形成。而影响取向硅钢二次晶粒平均尺寸的主要因素是初次晶粒尺寸和表面有效抑制剂数量密度。硅钢中氮含量的微小变化会极大地影响二次晶粒长大。氮含量0.0282wt%的硅钢样品经700℃×1 h预处理,其高温退火后的二次再结晶效果最好。     

普通取向硅钢组织及织构的演变特征

采用光学显微镜、EBSD观察并研究了普通取向硅钢组织、织构的演变特征。结果表明:热轧板组织及织构沿板厚方向存在不均匀性,一次冷轧后,组织发生了较大变化,完全转变为纤维带状条带组织。经840℃×10 min脱碳退火后初次再结晶晶粒平均尺寸为20.13μm,织构主要有{001}010、{111}112、以及Goss等织构,并可将碳脱至3.5×10-5以下。二次冷轧后,组织再次转变为纤维带状组织,织构类型与一次冷轧板织构类型类似,仅织构强度不同。经650℃×4 min回复时,冷轧组织发生了完全再结晶,再结晶晶粒平均尺寸为7.25μm。高温退火过程中,随着温度的升高,具有Goss位向的初次晶粒发生异常长大,温度到达1000℃时,晶粒尺寸达到厘米级,成品晶粒平均直径为18.92 mm,晶粒较为圆整,成品最佳磁感为1.885 T,铁损为1.21 W/kg。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).