纳米SiC微粒增强镍基复合材料的研究进展

探讨了制备纳米SiC微粒增强镍基复合材料的工艺条件,介绍了纳米SiC微粒增强镍基复合材料的应用方向,并讨论了基于超临界二氧化碳流体制备镀层的方法。     

纳米催化技术的应用进展

概述了纳米微粒的制备技术;介绍了纳米催化技术,包括碳纳米管催化、纳米金属(簇)催化、纳米金属氧化物催化、纳米沸石组装与催化以及金属配合物/分子筛复合催化材料催化、纳米粒子/聚合物复合材料催化、无机/有机纳米复合膜材料催化等;对未来纳米催化技术发展提出建议:改进现有的制备方法,探索开发纳米材料制备新技术,研究纳米材料的评价与表征方法,深入开展基础理论研究,以及扩大各研究院校与产业部门间的科技合作。     

一种高效太阳能电池光波转换纳米复合材料

本发明涉及一种高效太阳能电池光波转换纳米复合材料及其制备方法,包括有机聚合物、纳米微粒,其特征在于纳米微粒掺杂到有机聚合物中的质量分数范围为0．01％-10％。工艺步骤包括：①准备纳米微粒的材料;②采用物理或化学混合;③将上述复合材料涂布在太阳能电池表面形成透明光波转换薄膜层。本发明同现有技术相比,     

紫外光固化聚合物基 SiO2 纳米 复合材料的研究进展

概述了紫外光固化聚酯丙烯酸酯低聚物的国内外研究进展,并从纳米SiO₂微粒的分散方法方面综述了国内外纳米复合材料的制备方法,同时介绍了以纳米SiO₂作为无机填料的有机-无机纳米复合材料在紫外光固化涂料中的应用情况。     

聚合物基纳米复合材料的制备与应用

简述了聚合物基纳米复合材料的特性,介绍了聚合物基纳米复合材料的制备方法,包括纳米颗粒填充法、纳米微粒原位合成法、聚合物基体原位聚合法、两相同步原位合成法的合成工艺和特点,并对聚合物基纳米复合材料的应用进行了概括。     

磁性坡缕石复合材料的制备及性能

以提纯和超细制备的纳米坡缕石矿浆与纳米Fe3O4磁性流体复合,经加热和活化处理后,制备了外包磁性微粒的磁性坡缕石纳米复合材料.当每100 g坡缕石中加入24 g纳米磁性微粒时,磁场对磁性坡缕石纳米复合材料的截留量为90.2%,其磁化率为4.3×10-2.利用化学分析、X射线衍射、红外光谱、透射电镜及磁性能测试等分析手段对磁性坡缕石复合材料进行了表征及磁性能测试,结果表明:所制备的坡缕石磁性复合材料具有高分子靶向药物载体材料的功能,有望成为新型靶向药物载体材料.     

无机纳米微粒在聚合物中的复合与组装

介绍了将纳米微粒引入聚合物光学材料制备高功能性的复合光学树脂,以及通过在有序膜中的界面组装制备功能化复合膜材料的工作,并研究了复合材料中纳米微粒的性质.     

橡胶纳米复合材料制备研究进展

目前，橡胶纳米复合材料的制备方法主要有插层复合法，溶胶－凝胶法，原位分散法和纳米微粒直接共混法4种，综述了各种方法的制备机理，并总结了各种方法的优缺点。     

纳米二氧化钛的制备工艺与应用进展

论述了国内纳米二氧化钛微粒制备工艺的进展，重点论述了液相法制备纳米二氧化钛的相关技术进展。提及纳米微粒的改性技术和表征方法。最后论述了纳米二氧化钛作化工材料的应用进展。     

Cu-SiC纳米复合材料的制备及其组织性能研究

采用电沉积工艺实现纳米SiC微粒与基质金属铜离子共沉积,制备出Cu-SiC纳米复合材料。观察了复合材料的形貌组织,测定了复合材料的显微硬度,并分别与纯铜材料的作比较。结果表明:相比于纯铜材料,Cu-SiC纳米复合材料的表面较平整,组织较匀致,且显微硬度有所提高;但纳米SiC微粒的添加量对复合材料的形貌组织和显微硬度均有较明显的影响,在SiC 15g/L的条件下制备的复合材料形貌最为平整,组织最为紧致,显微硬度最高。     

Preparation and characterization of novel addition cured polydimethylsiloxane nanocomposites using nano‐silica sol as reinforcing filler

A series of novel addition cured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanocomposites with various amounts of nano‐silica sol were prepared via hydrosilylation for the first time. The influence of various amounts of nano‐silica sol on the morphology, thermal behavior, mechanical and optical properties of these PDMS nanocomposites was studied in detail. It was found that with an increment in the amount of nano‐silica sol the reinforcing effect of the nano‐silica sol on the thermal and mechanical properties of the PDMS nanocomposites was very noticeable compared with the reference material. The prominent improvements in resistance to thermal degradation and mechanical properties can probably be attributed to the strong interaction of PDMS chains and uniformly dispersed particles resulting from the nano‐silica sol. However, the transparency of the PDMS nanocomposites slightly decreased with an increment in weight fraction of nano‐silica, compared with that of PDMS composite without nano‐silica (Sol‐0), which can probably be ascribed to an increasing size of the aggregated particles in the PDMS nanocomposites. The optimum amount of nano‐silica sol for preparing novel addition curing PDMS nanocomposites was about 15 wt%. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry     

Nanocomposites of poly(vinyl chloride) and nanometric calcium carbonate particles: Effects of chlorinated polyethylene on mechanical properties,morphology, and rheology

Nanocomposites of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and nano‐calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) particles were prepared via melt blending, and chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) as an interfacial modifier was also introduced into the nanocomposites through preparing CPE/nano‐CaCO₃ master batch. The mechanical properties, morphology, and rheology were studied. A moderate toughening effect was observed for PVC/nano‐CaCO₃ binary nanocomposites. The elongation at break and Young's modulus also increased with increasing the nano‐CaCO₃ concentration. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study demonstrated that the nano‐CaCO₃ particles were dispersed in a PVC matrix uniformly, and a few nanoparticles agglomeration was found. The toughening effect of the nano‐CaCO₃ particles on PVC could be attributed to the cavitation of the matrix, which consumed tremendous fracture energy. The notched Izod impact strength achieved a significant improvement by incorporating CPE into the nanocomposites, and obtained the high value of 745 J/m. Morphology investigation indicated that the nano‐CaCO₃ particles in the PVC matrix was encapsulated with a CPE layer through preparing the CPE/nano‐CaCO₃ master batch. The evaluation of rheological properties revealed that the introduction of nano‐CaCO₃ particles into PVC resulted in a remarkable increase in the melt viscosity. However, the viscosity decreased with addition of CPE, especially at high shear rates; thus, the processability of the ternary nanocomposites was improved. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 2714–2723, 2004     

Comprehensive high‐performance epoxy nanocomposites co‐reinforced by organo‐montmorillonite and nano‐SiO2

Comprehensive high‐performance epoxy nanocomposites were successfully prepared by co‐incorporating organo‐montmorillonite (o‐MMT) and nano‐SiO₂ into epoxy matrix. Because of the strong interaction between nanoscale particles, the MMT layers were highly exfoliated, and the exfoliated nanoscale MMT monoplatelets took an interlacing arrangement with the nano‐SiO₂ particles in the epoxy matrix, as evidenced by X‐ray diffraction measurement and transmission electron microscopy inspection. Mechanical tests and thermal analyses showed that the resulting epoxy/o‐MMT/nano‐SiO₂ nanocomposites improved substantially over pure epoxy and epoxy/o‐MMT nanocomposites in tensile modulus, tensile strength, flexural modulus, flexural strength, notch impact strength, glass transition temperature, and thermal decomposition temperature. This study suggests that co‐incorporating two properly selected nanoscale particles into polymer is one pathway to success in preparing comprehensive high‐performance polymer nanocomposites. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Effects of organically modified nanoclay particles on the mechanical properties of aliphatic polyurethane/clay nanocomposite coatings

Nano clay particles were modified organically by indole‐3‐carbaldehyde and indole‐3‐acetic acid with the purpose of preparing aliphatic polyurethane nanocomposite coatings. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the ion exchange through the silicate layer of nano clay particles. XRD result showed about 5 A° increment in the distance of silicate layers. Transmission electron microscopic images showed good dispersion of modified nanoparticles in polymeric matrix. Mechanical properties of nanocomposites were evaluated using dynamic thermal analysis and tensile techniques. Results illustrated that nanocomposite coatings have higher toughness property and lower brittleness due to the proper nanoparticles dispersion. Morphology of the fractured surface of free films was examined by preparing scanning electron microscopic images; less ruptures and more roughness in the fractured surface of nano composites in comparison to the polyurethane‐free films have been proven. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:1167–1174, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Effects of Nano‐SiC on Silane Grafting and Curing of Polyolefin Elastomer: Mixing Order,Physical, and Mechanical Properties

The objective of this article was preparation of curable silane‐grafted poly(ethylene‐1‐butene) nanocomposite. The poly(ethylene‐1‐butene) was a polyolefin elastomer with random high comonomer content. Two preparation methods were investigated. The method of preparing nanocomposites significantly affected the mechanical properties of the resulted nanocomposites. So that, with the same formulation and different preparation methods, silane grafting with the first was 94% (PVDS3), while with the second was 33% (PS3VD). It was shown that the tensile strength of the cured nanocomposite prepared with the method 1 (PVDS3) increased four times higher than the pure resin. The effects of different factors such as the amount of silane and also the amount of silicon carbide on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the cured and uncured nanocomposites were investigated. The rate of curing was depended on the silicon carbide concentration and 5 phr (part per hundred resin), and nano‐SiC was a concentration where the tensile properties were optimum. Thermal stability and the impermeability of the cured samples improved in the presence of nano‐silicon carbide. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 26:244–252, 2020. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers     

基于一步法制备含羧基环氧树脂/纳米二氧化锆复合材料

选用乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷改性纳米二氧化锆,与烯丙基缩水甘油醚、甲基丙烯酸通过自由基共聚法制备了含羧基环氧树脂/纳米二氧化锆复合材料。采用傅里叶红外光谱、X射线衍射分别对改性纳米二氧化锆和含羧基环氧树脂/纳米二氧化锆复合材料进行了表征。结果表明:纳米二氧化锆表面引入了双键;纳米二氧化锆较为均匀地分散在聚合物基体中,其表面灰色部分可能是聚合物形成的包裹。将含羧基环氧树脂/纳米二氧化锆复合材料应用于制革鞣制工艺中,应用结果表明:含羧基环氧树脂/纳米二氧化锆复合材料配合酸皮质量3%的铬粉鞣制坯革收缩温度为102.6℃,增厚率为67.26%,与酸皮质量8%的铬粉鞣制坯革相比,柔软度明显提高,鞣制后废液中的Cr_2O_3含量降低了73.2%。     

纳米复合陶瓷

纳米复合陶瓷可分为四种类型:分散型、梯度型、被复型和纳米-纳米复合。纳米复合微粒的制备有气相法、液相法和固相法。分散型和被复型纳米复合陶瓷的室温韧性和强度约提高2～5倍,其高温硬度、韧性、强度、蠕变、疲劳断裂强度、热冲击特性等亦得到显著改善。纳米-纳米复合材料具有可加工性和超塑性等新功能。本文评价和探讨了纳米复合陶瓷的力学性能和纳米尺寸分散的作用。     

Preparation and Characterization of Polypropylene Nanocomposites Filled with Nano Calcium Phosphate

The synthesized nano calcium phosphate by matrix mediated growth and controlled technique was used as nanofiller in the preparation of polypropylene nanocomposites. Nanocomposites with different filler concentrations were prepared. The content of nano calcium phosphate was varied from 1 to 3 wt% in the preparation of PP nanocomposites. During preparation of nanocomposites shear rate was varied by means of increase in rpm, i.e., 60, 70, 80 and 90 with the help of Brabender Plastograph and the effect of shear rate was studied with respective to mechanical and thermal properties of composites. The comprehensive evaluation of the PP nanocomposites filled with nano calcium phosphate was done to observe the substantial improvement in the performance properties. The mechanical and thermal properties were determined by Universal Testing Machine (UTM) and Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA), respectively. The morphology of the fracture surfaces of the prepared PP nanocomposites filled with nano calcium phosphate was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).     

Preparation and performance of high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS)/nano‐TiO2 nanocomposites

High‐impact polystyrene (HIPS)/nano‐TiO₂ nanocomposites were prepared by surface pretreatment of nano‐TiO₂ with special structure dispersing agent (TAS) and master batch manufacturing technology. The results show that when the nano‐TiO₂ content is 2%, the notched impact strength, tensile strength, and elastic modulus of HIPS/nano‐TiO₂ nanocomposites increased to a maximum. This result indicates that nano‐TiO₂ has both toughening and reinforcing effects on HIPS. The heat‐deflection temperature and flame‐retardance of HIPS/nano‐TiO₂ nanocomposites are also obviously improved as the nano‐TiO₂ content is increased. The nanocomposites manufactured by the two‐step method have better mechanical properties than that made by a one‐step method. HIPS/nano‐TiO₂ nanocomposites are also non‐Newtonian and pseudoplastic fluids. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 381–385, 2003     

苯乙烯/纳米无机粒子原位悬浮聚合制备EPS纳米复合材料

采用自由基原位悬浮聚合方法,由苯乙烯/纳米无机粒子(NIP)聚合制备聚苯乙烯纳米复合材料(PSNC),再以戊烷为发泡剂制备了可发性聚苯乙烯纳米复合材料(EPSNC),筛选了NIP改性剂的种类。利用凝胶渗透色谱仪和热重分析仪对EPSNC进行表征,研究了EPSNC的分子结构和热性能,采用扫描电子显微镜对EPSNC泡体内部微观形貌进行表征,研究NIP含量对其泡体微观形貌的影响规律。结果表明,以钛酸酯偶联剂改性NIP (M NIP)聚合产率最高;M NIP用量在一定范围内对EPSNC的相对分子质量影响不大,但相对分子质量分布变窄;含有M NIP的EPSNC的热稳定性明显提高;EPSNC发泡时NIP起成核作用,M NIP能够均匀地分散在EPSNC中,其泡孔堆积有序,细密一致,且多为闭孔结构。