PA6/SEBS-g-MAH/OMMT/GMA共混物的制备和性能研究

以马来酸酐(MAH)接枝苯乙烯-(乙烯-丁烯)-苯乙烯共聚物SEBS(SEBS-g-MAH)为增韧剂,有机蒙脱土(OMMT)为增强填料,甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为相容剂,采用熔融挤出方法制备了PA6/SEBS-gMAH/OMMT复合材料.通过力学、毛细管流变性能测试,考察了SEBS-g-MAH、OMMT和GMA对共混物的力学性能及流变性能的影响.结果表明,共混材料能在保持基本强度及模量稳定的情况下提高冲击强度,获得良好的综合力学性能.PA6及其共混物均为假塑性流体,在230～260℃共混材料的非牛顿指数为0.603～0.931,表观黏度随着剪切应力的增加而降低;加入SEBS-g-MAH、OMMT和/或GMA使得PA6的表观黏度增大,黏流活化能降低;在恒定剪切应力下PA6共混物可在较宽的温度范围内成型加工.     

充油SEBS-g-MAH增韧PA6性能的研究

以SEBS为增韧剂对PA6进行增韧改性，研究了SEBS的用量和处理方法对PA6性能的影响以及充油SEBS-g-MAH对不同牌号PA6性能的影响。结果表明，PA6的冲击韧性随SEBS用量的增加而提高，尤其是充油SEBS-g-MAH的加入，使共混物的韧性及伸长率得到明显改善，当充油SEBS-g-MAH的质量分数为10％时，体系的常温缺口冲击强度是纯PA6的6倍。SEBS的熔融接枝过程中，严格控制挤出温度和转速是增韧改性的关键。     

PA6/PP/SEBS-g-MAH共混物的相容性研究

采用马来酸酐接枝(氢化苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物(SEBS-g-MAH)作为增容剂,研究了增容剂用量对尼龙6/聚丙烯(PA6/PP)共混体系相态结构、力学性能的影响,以及在相同增容剂用量下不同PA6、PP配比对体系相形态的影响。结果表明,SEBS-g-MAH中的酸酐基团能与PA6末端的氨基发生化学反应,在PA6和PP的内表面形成PA6-SEBS接枝共聚物,明显改善了两相的界面相容性,并使共混物的力学性能得到显著提高。共混物冲击断面形貌的分析表明,共混物发生了明显的脆韧转变。     

SEBS和SEBS-g-MAH对PPO/PA66合金性能影响的研究

在双螺杆挤出机上采用共混挤出的方法制备了苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)和马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS-g-MAH)增韧的聚苯醚(PPO)/聚酰胺66(PA66)合金。通过力学性能测试、扫描电子显微镜观察和吸水性实验,研究了SEBS和SEBS-g-MAH及其含量对PPO/PA66合金性能的影响。结果表明,SEBS-g-MAH增韧PPO/PA66合金体系的力学性能较好,吸水率较小。     

PE-LLD/SEBS-g-MAH/POE-g-MAH共混体系流变性能的研究

在双螺杆挤出机中用马来酸酐（MAH）分别对乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE）、氢化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（SEBS）进行熔融接枝,用密炼机对线形低密度聚乙烯（PE-LLD）、POE-g-MAH和SEBS-g-MAH进行熔融共混,用毛细管流变仪对PE-LLD/SEBS-g-MAH二元体系和PE-LLD/POE-g-MAH/SEBS-g-MAH三元体系的流变行为进行研究。结果表明,LLDPE/POE-g-MAH/SEBS-g-MAH共混体系是典型的假塑性流体;体系的表观黏度随着SEBS-g-MAH组分含量的增加而增加,POE-g-MAH对共混体系表观黏度的影响较小。     

PA6/LDPE共混物流变性能的研究

研究了聚酰胺6/低密度聚乙烯(PA6/LDPE)共混体系的结构和流变性能。结果表明:共混体系呈现以PA6为分散相,LDPE为连续相的海岛结构;在实验范围内共混体系为非牛顿流体,满足幂律方程;LDPE对温度比较敏感,LDPE的流变行为占主导地位,PA6的粘度主要受剪切力的影响;在剪切速度一定时,PA6与LDPE的粘度比随着温度的升高而增加;在温度一定时,粘度比随着剪切速率的增加而下降;改变温度及剪切力可以调节两组分粘度比。     

PA1111/SEBS-g-MAH共混体系的力学性能与微观结构形态研究

以马来酸酐接枝(苯乙烯/乙烯/丁烯/苯乙烯)共聚物(SEBS-g-MAH)为增韧剂制备出了一系列超韧尼龙(PA)1111/SEBS-g-MAH共混体系,并对其力学性能和微观结构进行了研究.结果表明,随着增韧剂含量的增加,共混体系的缺口冲击强度显著提高,当增韧剂质量分数为25%时,缺口冲击强度为39.4 kJ/m<'2>,是纯PA1111的11.3倍.微观结构研究表明,PA1111的断裂属于韧性断裂,PA1111/sEBs-g-MAH共混体系的缺口冲击断面有明显的应力发白现象,冲击强度提高的主要原因在于应力集中点的增多而引发大量银纹所致.     

尼龙6/环氧树脂共混体系化学流变行为研究

利用转矩流变仪和应力流变仪对尼龙6/环氧树脂体系的化学流变行为进行了研究。结果表明:在热和剪切力的作用下,环氧树脂与PA6发生了化学微交联反应,使共混体系的转矩和熔体温度上升。研究了环氧树脂含量、转速和温度对共混体系的影响。反应共混物熔体呈假塑性流体特征。随着环氧树脂含量的增加,共混物熔体的复数粘度和储能模量上升。     

(PA1010/66)/SEBS-g-MAH/DIDP/BSBA共混物的制备与性能研究

将尼龙(PA)1010盐和PA66盐按照质量比为9∶1的比例制备了PA1010/66共聚物。选择(苯乙烯/乙烯-丁烯/苯乙烯)共聚物接枝马来酸酐(SEBS-g-MAH)和两种小分子增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯、N-丁基苯磺酰胺(D IDP、BSBA),采用共混挤出法制备了(PA1010/66)/SEBS-g-MAH/D IDP/BSBA共混物,并对其力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,随着SEBS-g-MAH含量的增加,共混物的冲击强度明显提高。当SEBS-g-MAH质量分数为15%时,其缺口冲击强度为72.7 kJ/m2,是PA1010/66共聚物的16倍左右;拉伸强度保持率是PA1010/66共聚物的83%左右。通过SEM研究发现,SEBS-g-MAH对PA1010/66共聚物的增韧机理为银纹剪切带增韧机理。     

尼尼6／环氧树脂共混体系化学流变行为研究

利用转矩流变仪和应力流变仪对尼龙6/环氧树脂体系的化学流变行为进行了研究。结果表明：在热和剪切力的作用下，环氧树脂与PA6发生了化学微交联反应。使共混体系的转矩和熔体温度上升。研究了环氧树脂含量．转速和温度对共混体系的影响。反应共混物熔体量呈假塑性流体特征。随着环氧树脂含量的增加，共混物熔体的复数粘度和储能模量上升。     

PA6/PPO共混物的非等温结晶动力学

采用差示扫描量热法研究了聚酰胺6/聚苯醚（PA6/PPO）共混物的非等温结晶动力学。通过Jeziorny法、Mo法分别对非等温结晶过程进行处理。结果表明,PPO对PA6结晶起促进作用,而马来酸酐接枝聚苯醚（PPO-g-MAH）、氢化聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（SEBS）和SEBS-g-MAH对PA6的结晶起阻碍作用;随着冷却速率的增大,共混物的结晶度下降,半结晶时间减小;Jeziorny和Mo法都适合分析PPO/PA6的非等温结晶过程。     

Functionalized elastomeric compatibilizer in PA 6/PP blends and binary interactions between compatibilizer and polymer

Superior impact properties were obtained when maleic anhydride grafted styrene ethylene/butylene styrene block copolymer (SEBS-g-MAH) was used as a compatibilizer in blends of polyamide 6 (PA 6) and isotactic polypropylene (PP), where polyamide was the majority phase and polypropylene the minority phase. The optimum impact properties were achieved when the weight relation PA:PP was 80:20 and 10 wt% SEBS-g-MAH was added. The blend morphology was systematically investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated that the compatibilizer forms a cellular structure in the PA phase in addition to acting as an interfacial agent between the two polymer phases. In this cellular-like morphology the compatibilizer appears to form the continuous phase, while polyamide and polypropylene form separate dispersions. In microscopy, PA appeared as a fine dispersion and PP as a coarse dispersion. The mechanical properties indicated that in fact PA, too, is continuous, and the blend can be interpreted as possessing a modified semi-interpenetrating network (IPN) structure with separate secondary dispersion of PP. The coarser PP dispersion plays an essential role in impact modification. Binary blends of the compatibilizer and one blend component were also investigated separately. The same cellular structure was observed in the binary PA/SEBS-g-MAH blends, and SEBS-g-MAH again appeared to form the continuous phase when the elastomer concentration was at least 10 to 20 wt%. By contrast, in PP/SEBS-g-MAH only conventional dispersion of elastomeric SEBS-g-MAH was observed up to 40 wt% elastomer. Impact strength was improved and the elastic modulus was lowered in both PA/SEBS-g-MAH and PP/SEBS-g-MAH blends when the elastomer content was increased. The changes in modulus indicate that the semi-IPN-like structure is formed in the binary PA/SEBS-g-MAH blends as well as in the ternary structure.     

马来酸酐(MAH)接枝SEBS及其对PPO/PA6合金性能的影响

利用红外光谱测定了接枝样品,用其中马来酸酐(MAH)的特征峰与苯乙烯/乙烯/丁烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)的特征峰之比值来表达接枝率,探索了接枝时MAH和助剂的量对接枝率的影响,同时探讨了不同接枝率的相容剂及不同比值的聚苯醚(PPO)/尼龙6(PA6)对PPO/PA6合金的增容作用及其对合金的综合性能影响.结果表明:(1)加入合适的助剂有利于SEBS体系的接枝,而当MAH的加入量为3%时得到的接枝率最高;(2)接枝率提高,合金的综合性能稍有改善;(3)PPO/PA6 = 70/30时性能指标达到最优.而接枝的SEBS加入量10%时PPO/PA6合金的综合性能最优.     

Effect of organoclays on the morphology and thermal expansion of PA6/SEBS alloy

The effect of organoclay on phase morphology development of PA6/SEBS alloys had been investigated. PA6/SEBS blends of various compositions, with and without the presence of exfoliated organoclay in the PA6 phase, were prepared and the morphology and thermal expansion of these blends were examined. The results suggested that at compositions where PA6 remains as the matrix domain, the presence of the organoclay had little or no effect upon the blends morphology, PA6/SEBS alloy with SEBS as the matrix could evolve from sea‐island to cocontinuous structure after 5 phr organoclay were added. Significant reduction in the coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CLTE) along theflow direction and furthermore improving the heat distortion temperature of the injection‐molded PA6/SEBS/organoclay ternary nanocomposites was observed due to the formation of a total stable and fine cocontinuous nanolayer structure. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers     

相容剂对PVC／PA6体系形态结构的影响

研究了SMA—g—MAH、SEBS—g—MAH和EVA—g—MAH3种相容剂对PVC／PA6共混物的增容效果。结果表明,未添加相容剂的PVC／PA6（100／20）共混物的相容性不好;添加SEBS—g—MAH和EVA—g—MAH两种相容剂后,PVC／PA6共混物的相容性得到一定程度的改善;添加SMA—g—MAH相容剂后,PA6很均匀地分散在PVC基体中。     

Rubber toughened polyamide 6: The influences of compatibilizer on morphology and impact properties

In this study, styrene-(ethylene-co-butylene)-styrene (SEBS) triblock copolymer (Kraton G-1652) was modified with maleic anhydride (MA). The maleated SEBS was used as compatibilizer for the blends of Nylon 6 (PA6) and SEBS. The morphology and impact strength of the blends were measured as functions of concentration and MA graft ratio of maleated SEBS. The compatibility and fracture mechanism of the blends were evaluated from the SEM micrographs of the xylene-etched surfaces and of fractured surfaces. Some of the blends exhibited an impact strength up to about 30 fold greater than neat PA6. The fracture involved both both cavitation and shear yielding. The mechanism of compatibilization of maleated SEBS in the ternary components blends was proposed.     

The effects of SEBS-g-maleic anhydride reaction on the morphology and properties of polypropylene/PA6/SEBS ternary blends

Ternary blends, based on 70% by weight of polypropylene (PP) with 30% by weight of a dispersed phase, consisting of 15% polyamide-6 (PA6) and 15% of a mixture comprising varying ratios of an unreactive poly[styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene] (SEBS) triblock copolymer and a reactive maleic anhydride-grafted SEBS-g-MA, were produced via melt blending in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. TEM revealed the blend containing only non-reactive SEBS to exhibit individual PA6 and SEBS dispersed phases. However, the progressive replacement of SEBS with reactive SEBS-g-MA increased the degree of interfacial reaction between the SEBS and PA6 phases, thus reducing interfacial tension and providing a driving force for encapsulation of the PA6 by the SEBS. Consequently, the dispersed-phase morphology was observed to transform from two separate phases to acorn-type composite particles, then to individual core-shell particles and finally to agglomerates of the core-shell particles. The resultant blends exhibited significant morphology-induced variations in both thermal and mechanical properties. DSC showed that blends in which the diameter of the PA6 particles was reduced to ≤3 μm by the increasing interfacial reaction exhibited fractionated PA6 crystallisation. In general, mechanical testing showed the blends to exhibit inferior low-strain tensile properties (modulus and yield stress) compared to the matrix PP, but superior ultimate tensile properties (stress and strain at break) and impact strength. These changes are discussed with reference to composite models.