基于肤色的实时人脸跟踪新方法

提出一种基于混合肤色模型的实时人脸跟踪方法。该方法采用基于点的运动预测来减少搜索区域并使用MJSEG算法进一步分离人脸和其他类肤色区域。实验结果表明，该方法有效地解决了复杂背景下人脸自由运动、光照变化及部分遮挡的问题。系统跟踪速度达到实时，并给出精确的人脸边界。     

基于人脸检测和CAMSHIFT算法的人脸跟踪系统

针对彩色视频序列,本文提出一种基于检测和彩色直方图的人脸跟踪系统,首先利用Adaboost算法进行快速人脸检测和定位,然后通过Canny滤波获取精确的人脸区域建立肤色直方图模型,在CAMSHIFT算法的基础上运用人脸形态约束,Kalman滤波进行实时的人脸跟踪,实验证明该系统具有较好的实时性并能很好的解决遮挡,类肤色干扰和快速移动的问题.     

一种结合肤色特征的人脸跟踪算法

将CAMSHIFT算法用于人脸跟踪时,当跟踪目标被其它人脸遮挡时会发生跟踪失败,针对这一不足,提出一种结合肤色区域特征的连续自适应均值移动算法(SCCAMSHIFT):提取目标的肤色区域作为已知特征,通过跟踪窗口的变化来判断遮挡的发生,并在遮挡发生后利用已知特征来寻找丢失的目标.实验结果表明,SCCAMSHIFT算法能够较好的解决跟踪过程中类肤色物体的遮挡问题.     

基于Adaboost和Camshift的人脸检测

Adaboost算法具有很好的实时性,但是也存在检测过程中鲁棒性不强,遇到遮挡问题检测失效等问题。针对这些问题,提出了基于改进Adaboost的人脸检测算法,该算法结合了Camshift人脸跟踪算法并改进了原算法中的颜色直方图模型。以实际人脸检测与跟踪实验为例,证明了该算法在人脸自动检测跟踪过程中具有速度快、准确度高,能有效克服检测过程中遮挡以及类肤色干扰问题等。     

在线修正的人脸姿态跟踪算法及交互应用

针对人脸在跟踪过程中可能存在大幅度的倾斜、旋转、遮挡以及肤色干扰等问题,提出一种基于在线修正的人脸跟踪算法.该算法当人脸检测失效时,人脸跟踪模块将用于提取目标参数;而在人脸跟踪过程中,为减小由连续跟踪造成的累积误差,利用人脸实时检测机制新检测到的人脸目标参数来修正跟踪模块的参数,包括跟踪窗口的位置和尺度,从而利用了人脸检测和人脸跟踪各自的优点.通过实验,其结果表明,该算法能够精确地跟踪复杂姿态下的人脸目标,并且能够解决肤色干扰和遮挡的问题,具有很好的适应性和鲁棒性.另外,将在线修正的跟踪方法应用于娱乐游戏控制,为人机交互提供了新的方式.     

基于mean-shift算法的人脸实时跟踪方法*

复杂环境下实时人脸跟踪方法在视觉监控系统中具有很重要的意义,但目前的跟踪算法普遍存在目标遮挡、尺寸变化等过于敏感的不足,限制了其应用范围。提出了一种人脸检测、mean-shift算法与卡尔曼滤波器相结合的实时全自动人脸跟踪算法。实验结果表明该算法实时性很强,可以实现对运动人脸的快速跟踪,同时对目标遮挡也有很好的鲁棒性。     

基于mean-shift算法的人脸实时跟踪方法*

复杂环境下实时人脸跟踪方法在视觉监控系统中具有很重要的意义,但目前的跟踪算法普遍存在目标遮挡、尺寸变化等过于敏感的不足,限制了其应用范围。提出了一种人脸检测、mean-shift算法与卡尔曼滤波器相结合的实时全自动人脸跟踪算法。实验结果表明该算法实时性很强,可以实现对运动人脸的快速跟踪,同时对目标遮挡也有很好的鲁棒性。     

基于肤色模型和椭圆环模板的人脸跟踪及姿态估计

文章提出了一种基于肤色模型,结合椭圆环模板进行人脸跟踪及姿态估计的算法。该算法在基于肤色模型实现人脸跟踪及特征定位的过程中首先利用肤色模型定位人脸肤色区域,在跟踪中增加了自适应学习模块,使得原始的肤色模型能够在不同光照下实现自适应调整。然后利用人脸形状的先验知识,通过椭圆环模板实现人脸边缘的精确定位。最后根据所得到的面部特征和人脸边缘位置估计出人脸的姿态。实验表明,该算法能够在自然光照条件下取得较为满意的跟踪结果,同时对人脸在旋转、缩放、遮挡等条件下,多人脸背景下的跟踪有较强的鲁邦性。     

基于肤色模型和CAMShift算法的人脸检测与跟踪研究

讨论并实现一个基于肤色模型和CAMShift方法的人脸检测与跟踪原型系统。该系统采用肤色模型分割出视频帧中的肤色区域与非肤色区域以检测出人脸．利用CAMShift算法跟踪运动的人脸,完成对人脸各种姿态的跟踪,具有较好的实时性和鲁棒性。     

基于肤色与人脸运动相结合的自动表情识别算法研究

基于肤色与人脸运动相结合的自动表情,对其识别算法进行研究。通过RGB将图像转为YIQ颜色空间,在YIQ中第I维中进行图像数据的提取,在二值图像中将背景和肤色分割出来。采用Pareto优化算法进行人脸表情特征的选取,算法计算量少,构结简单,运行速度快,能对小角度人脸肤色、人脸面部表情变化、人脸旋转、人脸面部存在遮挡物等情况准确检测和跟踪。实验表明,对于人脸小角度转动,该算法能较好适应;对于人眼的状态,该算法不受影响;对于丰富的面部表情变化和不同的肤色均能更好地适应,具有一定的稳定性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。